山西省平遙古城導(dǎo)游詞（精選3篇）
山西省平遙古城導(dǎo)游詞 篇1
地處三晉腹地的平遙縣，有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化，是我國現(xiàn)僅存的四大古城之一。1986年國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)為國家歷史文化名城。1994年全國歷史文化名城研討會在平遙召開，會議首推平遙作為申報聯(lián)合國人類遺產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目的第一個古城，1997年，聯(lián)合國教科文組織考查后把平遙古城正式列入了《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》，從此，這座小城名聲遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng)，慕名而來的海內(nèi)外游客絡(luò)繹不絕。利用行車間隙我把平遙城的歷史沿革作個簡要介紹。
平遙古城，歷史悠久，據(jù)出土文物考證，遠(yuǎn)在新石器時期，我們的祖先就在那里繁衍生息。有史以來，建置沿革屢經(jīng)變遷。最早稱為古陶，是堯帝的封地;西周時名為京陵城，京陵二字作為地名一向沿用至今，是平遙城的前身;北魏時改名為平遙縣，并把縣治遷到那里。在漫長的歷史歲月中，那里曾有過它的繁華，也曾多次遭受戰(zhàn)火的破壞�，F(xiàn)存的城墻是明代洪武年間，即1370年修建的。明清以來經(jīng)多次維修，使古城墻得以完整地保存下來。
作為世界級文化遺產(chǎn)的平遙古城，她留給我們的主要遺產(chǎn)有：古樸典雅、勝景迷人的鎮(zhèn)國寺;東方彩塑藝術(shù)寶庫雙林寺;雄偉壯觀的古城墻;聞名全國的中國第一票號日昇昌舊址;以及明清一條街上的古寺廟、古市樓、古店鋪和古代民宅。
首先我們要參觀的是鎮(zhèn)國寺。
鎮(zhèn)園寺：位于平遙縣城東北郝洞村的鎮(zhèn)國寺，創(chuàng)立于五代北漢時期，原名京城寺。明朝時改稱鎮(zhèn)國寺。1988年被國務(wù)院批難為全國重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。
正如大家所看到的，整座寺院坐北朝南，兩進(jìn)院落，中軸線上有天王殿、萬佛殿、三佛樓，天王殿兩側(cè)配有鐘樓和鼓樓。一進(jìn)院東西廊有碑亭、三靈侯、二郎殿、財福神和土地各殿。二進(jìn)院東西有觀音殿、地藏殿等。
處于寺廟最前端的天王殿，是元代建筑。進(jìn)入殿內(nèi)，可參謁佛國護(hù)法神將四大天王：南方增長天王，手執(zhí)清風(fēng)劍，氣勢磅礴;東方持國天王，眉清目秀，慈善溫和，懷抱琵琶;西方廣目天王，臂纏長蛇，泰然自若;北方多聞天王，手執(zhí)寶傘，氣貫長虹。四大天王很受民間歡迎，因?yàn)樗鼈兇盹L(fēng)、調(diào)、雨、順，象征著五谷豐登，天下太平。出了天王殿，鐘樓鼓樓相互對峙，鐘樓上有金代皇統(tǒng)五年鑄造的鐵鐘一口，形制古雅，工藝別致，并且鐘聲洪亮。據(jù)說在當(dāng)年沒有汽車火車的時候，鎮(zhèn)國寺的鐘聲能傳到30里外的平遙城內(nèi)，算得上是一件珍稀之物了。
朋友們，接下來要參觀的是居于前院中央的萬佛殿，它是我國現(xiàn)存最古老的木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑之一，堪稱千年瑰寶。這座殿宇造型獨(dú)特，平面近似正方形，屋頂龐大，出據(jù)深遠(yuǎn)，但由于屋角反翹，使沉重龐大的屋頂呈現(xiàn)出輕巧活潑的建筑藝術(shù)形象，整個外觀給人一種雄偉壯觀、氣勢非凡的感覺，充分顯示了我國古代建筑家在建筑科學(xué)方面的非凡技能。在殿內(nèi)，共有彩塑11尊。
中央是佛壇，主保釋迎牟尼形體高大，坐在須彌座上，表現(xiàn)出安逸慈祥、和顏悅目的神態(tài)。旁邊站立的是迦葉和阿南二____，阿南身著僧衣，一副出家人打扮，他顯得聰明、慈善，是一位才氣橫溢的青壯年形象;另一側(cè)的迦葉看上去是一位飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜、含辛茹苦的老人，因?yàn)樗麖男〕黾摇⒁簧诿闱筮M(jìn)，苦修一世，歷盡艱辛。前面分別是兩尊菩薩和供養(yǎng)菩薩。兩菩薩衣冠緊扣、面額豐滿，顯得十分文雅嫻靜，儼然一副貴婦人形象。兩供養(yǎng)菩薩體形豐滿，線條優(yōu)美，體現(xiàn)出少女特有的嬌柔之美。在菩薩的前面是兩天王和兩供養(yǎng)童子。
兩天王手執(zhí)兵器，頭載盔甲，是典型的唐代武士形象風(fēng)采;兩供養(yǎng)童子身體瘦弱、衣著儉樸，一副天真善良的農(nóng)家少女形象。這11尊塑像雖是宗教神化的偶像，但卻是按照當(dāng)時社會的等級制度，加以形象塑造的。這些塑像是我國寺廟中現(xiàn)存的五代時期的惟一作品，堪稱稀世珍品，在我國雕塑史上占有重要一頁。
朋友們，寺內(nèi)還有更為精彩的去處，那就是三佛樓、地藏殿、土地殿。各位請隨我一一參觀。
這座三佛樓創(chuàng)立于明代，主像有三尊，分別是法自佛、報自佛、應(yīng)自佛。這些佛像自然大方、造型優(yōu)美。大家再請看兩墻上的壁畫，畫的是釋迎牟尼的生平八相圖，集山水花鳥、人物于一體，描繪了釋迦牟尼的一生。
位于后院西側(cè)的地藏殿，俗稱閻王殿，建于明代，主像為地藏王菩薩，四周為十殿閻王，六位判官、牛頭、馬面立于地上，這些塑像有的怒不可遏，有的文質(zhì)彬彬，有的慈祥和藹。再看這墻上的14幅壁畫，集繪畫、書法于一體，描述了不善之徒被受刑制裁的場面，其慘狀目不忍睹。這些情節(jié)表現(xiàn)的是懲惡揚(yáng)善的哲理，但在封建社會里，勞動人民處在社會的最下層，有冤無處申，有苦無處訴，僅有把期望寄托在來世，正如這幅對聯(lián)所寫：
陽世奸雄欺天害理由直汝，陰司報應(yīng)古往今來放過誰。強(qiáng)烈地表現(xiàn)著懲惡揚(yáng)善的愿望和人生哲理。
各位朋友請看土地殿正中的這一坐像，不用說大家也能猜得出他是土地爺了，他看上去和藹慈祥，佛經(jīng)中說它是山川郊社之神，他的兩側(cè)分別侍立著金童和玉女，手中各自拿著印璽和印盒，一副叫順服侍土地的形象。
觀賞完這幾座主要的殿宇后，我們要回到前院，再去看看前院兩側(cè)的碑廊。那里共保存著歷代石碑20余通，其中值得一提的是半截碑。由于該碑上下左右都有殘缺，所以名為半截碑，以殘碑的寬厚度估量，原碑十分高大。此碑資料與鎮(zhèn)國寺無關(guān)，原先在鎮(zhèn)國寺竣工時，在寺的附近撿回這塊碑，想做碑座，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)書法甚佳，秀潤蒼勁，當(dāng)時沒舍得毀掉，才得以幸存下來。經(jīng)考證，這塊碑是北漢主劉崇之孫劉繼欽的墓志銘碑，文物價值相當(dāng)高。
朋友們是否注意到這棵古老的槐樹，大家猜猜它的樹齡是多少呢這棵名為龍槐的樹距今已有1000多年的歷史了，據(jù)嘉慶《龍槐記》碑中記載，有了這座寺廟就有了這棵樹，它長得高不盈丈，樹身已滿是裂縫，彎彎曲曲，枝干錯綜盤結(jié)，無頭無尾，看上去張牙舞爪，騰云駕霧，也是寺內(nèi)的一大奇觀。
從寺門向寺內(nèi)遠(yuǎn)望，雜樹交蔭，綠葉蓬松，環(huán)境優(yōu)美，饒有古趣。
平遙城墻：從鎮(zhèn)國寺出發(fā)，約半個小時，我們便來到了歷史文化名城平遙古城。
女士們、先生們，前方那高聳的磚墻就是平遙城墻。據(jù)史書記載，西周宣王時，平遙舊城狹小低矮，大將尹吉甫駐兵于此，出于軍事防御的需要，筑西北兩面城墻;明代洪武三年即1370年，擴(kuò)建為磚石城墻。以后歷代多次修補(bǔ)，基本上建成為現(xiàn)存規(guī)模。但在日偽統(tǒng)治時期，遭到了嚴(yán)重的破壞。1980年國家撥出很多經(jīng)費(fèi)動工復(fù)修，使平遙城墻重現(xiàn)昔日光彩。
平遙古城素有龜城之稱，寓意為吉祥、長壽、青春永駐、金湯永固。據(jù)傳說，城池南門為____，門外的兩眼水井象征著龜?shù)碾p眼;北城門為龜尾，是全城的最低處。城池東西有四座甕城，兩兩相對，上西門，下西門、上東門和下東門，前三門的外城門均向南開，形似龜?shù)娜龡l腿，惟有下東門甕城的外城門，向東而開，據(jù)說是古人建城時惟恐烏龜爬走，于是將其左腿使勁拉直，井用繩索緊捆在麓臺塔上。城墻的四周，本來還有護(hù)城河，并設(shè)有吊橋，在古代戰(zhàn)亂的日子里，這的確是一道難以逾越的防線。
我們首先進(jìn)來的是下東門甕城，它是為保衛(wèi)城門而設(shè)立的。那里地方狹小，四周有高墻圍護(hù)，即使敵人攻入甕城也只能進(jìn)來少數(shù)，并且立即陷入包圍之中，成為甕中之鱉。大家再請看，甕城里還有一個建筑考究而小巧的院落，這是小關(guān)帝廟。把關(guān)帝廟修進(jìn)甕城里，此乃平遙人的獨(dú)創(chuàng)。
請朋友們隨我上城墻參觀，領(lǐng)略古城風(fēng)貌。城墻周長共6157米，高度為610米不等，墻身內(nèi)是素土，外包磚石，頂鋪磚面，在這上頭可并行兩輛馬車，寬闊而堅(jiān)實(shí)。
朋友們也許會問城墻上兩邊各有一道短墻是用來干什么的它叫女兒墻，起保護(hù)作用。我們看出兩邊的女兒墻并不一樣，向外的女兒墻修筑了垛口，垛口上留著供了望和射擊使用的小孔，是出于實(shí)戰(zhàn)的需要。
大家很容易看到城墻每隔一段，就有一個向外突出的部分，這叫做墩臺，它的作用何在呢大家猜對了，肯定是保護(hù)城墻的。我們明白，古代攻城的主要武器是弓箭和弩機(jī)，守城的土兵輕易不敢探出身去，這樣使得城墻腳下變成防御的死角，為改變這種劣勢，在墩臺上組成一個強(qiáng)有力的射擊網(wǎng)，從而大大增強(qiáng)了防衛(wèi)本事。城墻上共建有72座敵樓，3000個垛口，據(jù)說是象征圣人孔夫子的三千____七十二賢人。
這座堅(jiān)如磐石的古城，在古代起過抵御外敵的作用。如在清末，曾把搶劫商號，騷擾民宅的清軍拒之于城門外，使平遙免遭其害。在抗戰(zhàn)時期，城墻為擋住氣焰囂張的日寇作出了特殊貢獻(xiàn)。
另外，在洪災(zāi)到來時，可抵擋滔滔洪水，使城內(nèi)居民安然無恙。平遙古城，不僅僅以古老完好的城墻聞名于世，并且古寺廟、古市樓、古街道、古店鋪、古民宅，薈集一城，構(gòu)成了一個宏偉壯觀的古文物建筑群。聞名于世的平遙八景吸引著無數(shù)游客，這八景是：金井市樓、賀蘭仙橋、鳳凰棲臺、河橋野望、源池泉涌、麓臺疊翠、瀴溪晚照、超山曉月。另有民間神話傳說的古城八寶，也很有情趣，即：市樓金井內(nèi)的金馬駒、賀蘭仙橋下的金蛤蟆、清虛仙跡中的透靈碑、鳳凰棲臺下的金龜子、鸚鵡巷內(nèi)的鸚鵡石、文廟大成殿的杞木梁、木楔柱和九連鐘。
接下來，我們將參觀城內(nèi)幾處重要的景點(diǎn)。
清虛觀：古城內(nèi)的主要街道有南北大街、東西大街、政府街和城隍廟街，清虛觀就坐落在東大街的路北方向。那里此刻是縣文物局所在地，原是一座道觀。門前這座木牌樓造型巧妙，偌大的樓頂全由兩根立柱、四根斜柱支撐。在那里保存著一批有價值的文物，古碑很多，其中元代一通碑，正面用蒙文，反面用漢語譯文，結(jié)尾處用屬相紀(jì)年法記錄時間，據(jù)專家考證，這通碑和陜西重陽萬壽宮保存的著名八思巴文碑如出一轍，據(jù)推測碑上的蒙文很可能就是八思巴文，很有史料價值。
朋友們，前面不遠(yuǎn)處就是著名的日異昌票號的舊址了，我們一同前往參觀。
中國票號博物館：請大家看這座面寬五間的大屋，這便是有天下第一號美稱的日昇昌票號的鋪面，那里現(xiàn)已辟為中國票號博物館，我們能夠想象當(dāng)年那里人來車往、熙熙攘攘的場面。朋友們可能很想明白票號究竟是什么票號就是以前的錢莊、銀號，在我國銀行沒有出現(xiàn)以前，票號幾乎控制著全國的金融業(yè)。票號是隨著明后期資本主義萌芽而產(chǎn)生的，主要經(jīng)營匯兌、存款、放款、代官府解糧錢、收捐稅等的金融機(jī)構(gòu)。余秋雨先生在《抱愧山西》一文中曾說那里是中國銀行的鄉(xiāng)下祖父。清朝時交通不方便，商人們來回押運(yùn)金銀既麻煩，又不保險。道光四年，原平遙西裕成顏料莊經(jīng)理雷履泰就把顏料行改組成經(jīng)營匯兌業(yè)務(wù)的商行，取如日初升，繁榮昌盛之意，定名為日昇昌，從此揭開了我國金融史上嶄新的一頁。
大家或許已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這個門很異常，為什么要做這么多層次分明的門坎呢對了，就是為安全起見，層層防御!
請先進(jìn)左邊這間鋪面，這個梯子是直接通往樓上的，大家或許會想象當(dāng)年樓上必須存放著很多的金銀財寶，這個疑問到了里間就能夠得到回答。正加大家所見，這間屋子除了擺放著一箱假銀子，看來并沒什么異常的地方。那么金庫到底會在哪兒呢噢，對了!這兒有一個灰坑，把蓋打開之后，那里便是金庫!有人會問，這么小的地方，似乎與日昇昌的赫赫大名不相稱吧您說對了，那里只是個小金庫，大庫在什么地方，至今仍是個謎。
各位朋友，我們進(jìn)前院參觀。這左右兩邊是信房和帳房，都是日昇昌的重要機(jī)構(gòu)。此刻請隨我進(jìn)信房，大家請注意觀察，這個大印和別的印章有什么區(qū)別呢對了，它是由10個大小不一樣的小塊組成的，這10個小部分分別是由不一樣的股東掌握，要想取錢，必須拿上有完整的股東印章的匯票才能領(lǐng)上，也能夠說，這是種股份制的經(jīng)營方式。
這是過廳，大家請看這幅對聯(lián)：日麗中天萬寶精華同耀彩，州防福地八方輻揍獨(dú)居奇。上下聯(lián)中巧妙嵌入日、昇二字，緊扣票號名稱，確是一幅妙聯(lián)。
那里是接待賓客的場所，就是在這小小的客廳，當(dāng)年的商號精英們運(yùn)籌帷幄，包攬清王朝的銀錢匯兌，謀劃著遠(yuǎn)在千萬里之外的全國各大城市以及日本、朝鮮、東南亞等地的匯兌業(yè)務(wù)。著名的日昇昌，它的經(jīng)營者都是德才兼?zhèn)涞木魅耸�，其中最有名的是雷履泰、毛鴻翙、程清畔和程大培�?/p>
此刻請隨我到后院參觀，這左右兩邊是客房，展出的有中國票號十大名掌柜和十大財東簡介，包括當(dāng)年紅極一時的紅頂商人胡雪巖和幾位女商人。對面是當(dāng)年光緒皇帝所賜匯通天下四個字，意思是日昇昌的票號通行全國。
朋友們請看那里也有一副對聯(lián)：輕重權(quán)衡千金日利，中西匯兌一紙風(fēng)行，橫批萬寶流泉，能夠看得出當(dāng)時金融界大亨追求利欲和自滿自足的心態(tài)。再請看通往東跨院的這座小門樓，門樓并不奇特，值得注意的是上頭的這塊匾額，匾上大書數(shù)飛二字，署名是傅山。
日昇昌資金雄厚，信譽(yù)卓著，其他票號都難與匹敵競爭，這種局面一向維持到清末，雷履泰死后，日昇昌的競爭力日漸衰退，票號霸主地位隨之失去，繼而銷聲匿跡了。
朋友們，接下來請隨我到明清一條街上瀏覽那里的風(fēng)光。
明清一條街：那里是古城東西大街和南大街的交界處，向南走就是享有明清一條街之稱的南大街。
前面不遠(yuǎn)處的路北有一座過街樓，因樓南有井，水色如金，故稱金井市樓。創(chuàng)立年代無從考證，現(xiàn)存建筑是清代遺物。請看樓頂上彩色琉璃瓦拼出的壽字十分醒目，從樓南還可看到樓頂另一面拼出的雙喜字。二樓上還有平座，供人們登臨參觀。市樓以其雄姿壯觀、造型華麗，被譽(yù)為該縣八景之一。它和城墻一樣，已成為平遙古城的象征。清代詩人趙謙得登樓云：縱目攬山秀于東南，提清流于西北，仰觀煙云之變幻，俯臨城市之繁華。
在市樓的南側(cè)有個金井，傳說井里有一只金蟾，是鎮(zhèn)樓之寶，并且還能保佑平遙風(fēng)調(diào)雨順，不受蟲災(zāi)侵?jǐn)_。有一年，突然來了兩個南方人，用法術(shù)引出了鸚哥巷里的金鸚鵡，然后讓鸚鵡下井叼走了金蟾。據(jù)說從此以后，平遙的風(fēng)水就不那么好了。其實(shí)這是沒有根據(jù)的。
朋友們，這條街基本堅(jiān)持了明清風(fēng)格。街面不寬，但路旁店鋪林立，房屋大多也是磚木結(jié)構(gòu)的屋子，我們能夠想象當(dāng)年的平遙城多么繁華，鋪面林立，結(jié)構(gòu)井然有序，與平遙商人精明強(qiáng)干的美譽(yù)交相輝映。
朋友們請進(jìn)這個店內(nèi)。那里出售的都是推光漆器。平遙漆器是久負(fù)盛名的傳統(tǒng)名牌產(chǎn)品。它的歷史源遠(yuǎn)流長，可追溯到商朝，春秋戰(zhàn)國時已具雛形，到漢唐時基本構(gòu)成了地方特色，明清時發(fā)展到鼎盛時期，產(chǎn)品風(fēng)靡三晉大地，并開始出口。推光漆器不但畫面立體效果強(qiáng)，并且具有防潮防熱階性能，是漆器中不可多得的精品。此外，平遙牛肉也是全國名產(chǎn)之一一刀拉開，一陣陣香味撲鼻而來，品嘗一口，鮮嫩的肉絲綿軟，既沒有半點(diǎn)的牛腥味，也沒有絲毫的油膩氣，僅有滿口令人回味無窮的濃香。平遙還有許多花樣繁多的小吃，碗脫子就因受過慈禧褒獎而享有盛譽(yù)。
朋友們，接下來參觀的是文廟大成殿。
文廟大成殿：文廟，即孔廟，坐落在城隍廟街南側(cè)，它由三組建筑組合而成，中為文廟，左為東學(xué)，右為西學(xué)。廟前是東西南三座牌坊，廟內(nèi)為四進(jìn)院落，根靈門、大成門、大成殿、明倫堂、敬一亭、尊經(jīng)閣依次排列在中軸線上。整個文廟占地面積8240平方米，建筑面積是2766平方米。其中大成殿是整個全廟的主體建筑，此刻請一同前往參觀。
大成殿，坐落在一個方形的高臺基上，殿宇高大，氣勢雄偉，是一座單檐歇山頂古建筑。大成殿的始建年代已無法考證，從背椽下的題記可知其重建的年代是公元1163年，距今已有800多年的歷史。在我國各地，文廟遍布，但像大成殿這樣的早期實(shí)物大多已不復(fù)存在了，所以它是考證我國宋金時期文廟建筑格局的重要實(shí)物資料。如今，這一古建筑已被列入省級重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位，大成殿也為平遙縣這座歷史文化古城添色不少。
平遙古城，不僅僅有悠久的歷史文化遺產(chǎn)，并且歷代人才輩出。有著名史學(xué)家孫盛，以映雪讀書流傳千古的名人孫康，還有著名畫家李琦，著名歌唱家郭蘭英也出生在這塊古老的土地上。所以說，平遙古城不愧為歷史文化名城。
朋友們，對平遙古城區(qū)的參觀到此就結(jié)束了。
女士們、先生們，古老而美麗的平遙城即將遠(yuǎn)去，愿平遙之行給您留下完美的回憶。多謝各位朋友，祝歸途愉快!
山西省平遙古城導(dǎo)游詞 篇2
家好!我是一名小導(dǎo)游，今日，我為大家介紹一坐文化縣城——平遙古城。平遙古城是我國境內(nèi)現(xiàn)存最為完整的明清縣城，它是中原地區(qū)古縣城的典型代表，此刻我們還有十分鐘的車程，我就先給大家做個簡單的介紹。
古城位于山西省的平遙縣，已有2700多年的歷史，是我國唯一一座世界文化遺產(chǎn)古縣城。平遙古城墻把平遙縣城一格為兩個風(fēng)格迥異的世界。寶：古城便是其一。平遙城墻建于明洪武三年，全長6。4公里，為方形，城墻高12米左右，外有護(hù)城河。共有3000個哚口、72座故樓，城墻內(nèi)街道、鋪面、樓市保留著明清時期的建筑;城墻外是新城，是一座古與現(xiàn)代建筑各成一體、交相輝映、令人遐想不已的勝地�！皶x商”的發(fā)源地，中國第一家銀行“日升昌”票號，在那里誕生。平遙鼎盛時期一度成為金融中心。可見，在中國金融史上，平遙占有很重要的地位。平遙有三三寶的是雙林寺，寺內(nèi)的彩塑造像20__余尊，是我們的“彩塑藝術(shù)寶庫”。
此刻我們已經(jīng)到了古城，大家跟我下車，來，首先映入我們呢眼簾的就是這青色的古城墻，大家能夠仔細(xì)看看，古城的整體形狀像只大烏龜，北門是龜首，南門是龜尾，東門和西門是烏龜?shù)乃闹?/p>
此刻大家跟我一齊上游覽車，我們在車上繼續(xù)欣賞，沿著龜脊我們游覽古城的大街小巷，大家能夠看到那里面是一派繁榮的景象，有古代的當(dāng)鋪、錢莊、貿(mào)易商行，還有客棧、酒吧……都是比較豐富的，待會我們?yōu)g覽車停了，大家能夠自行參觀，看看有沒有想買的一些小紀(jì)念品，中引文那里的東西還是比較有特色的。
平遙古城是一座雄偉的古城，值得我們流連忘返，期望大家多多去發(fā)現(xiàn)古城的“美”!此刻大家就自行參觀吧，一個小時候在門口下車的地方集合，大家注意安全。
山西省平遙古城導(dǎo)游詞 篇3
Hello, tourists.
Pingyao, a famous historical and cultural city in China, is about toarrive. The towering brick wall in the front right is Pinghe City, one of thefour existing complete ancient city pools in China. On December 3, 1997, theUNESCO World Heritage Committee adopted a resolution to list the ancient city ofLijiang in Yunnan Province, the ancient city of Pingyao in Shanxi Province andthe classical gardens of Suzhou in Jiangsu Province on the world heritage list.Now you can have a look at the perspective and relatively complete appearance ofthe ancient city.
Pingyao has a long history. According to reports: in order to resist theinvasion of the northern nomads, Zhou Xuangong sent troops to the northernexpedition of Sayu and built the jingling city in the Western Zhou Dynasty.Jingling city is built in the east of Pingyuan County, 7 kilometers north ofJingling lining, jingling as a place name has been used up to now. This can besaid to be the beginning of the construction of Pingyao City, and also thepredecessor of the present Huyuan city. It has been about 2800 years sincethen.
There is no clear record of when this Pingyao City was built. In order toavoid taboo, the original Pingtao county was changed into Pingyao County, andthe county government was moved here from other places. The time to build thecity should be after that. In the long history, there has been her prosperityhere, and it has been destroyed by war many times. The wall we see now was builtin 1370, the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, by heightening,thickening and bricking the original earth wall. Although it has been repairedseveral times since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, its style has not changed.
There are many ancient buildings in Pingyao City, such as Dacheng hall,Qingxu temple, Shilou, Chenglong temple, wumiao stage and so on. That is, thestreet dwellings basically preserve the style and features of the Ming and QingDynasties. Walking on the street, you can also see all kinds of antique gate,courtyard, exquisitely carved ancient architectural decoration, and even see thestone stake in front of the gate, Xiama stone, etc., a style of ancientcity.
Pingyao not only has a long history, but also has a large number ofcelebrities. They are Ruoming Jin Dynasty historian Sun Sheng who dares toignore the threat of "manmenzijian" and writing straightforwardly, Sun Kang whohas spread through the ages with "yingxueshuo". Hou Wailu, the late director ofthe Institute of history of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hou ganyi, the latedeputy director of the Institute of language, Wang Yao, the president of theChinese Literature Research Association, Li Gou, the famous painter, and GuoLanying, the famous singer, were all born in Beijing In this ancient land.Pingshi ancient city is worthy of being a famous historical and culturalcity.
(over Huiji bridge)
We are now driving on the Huiji bridge, which is a nine arch stone bridgebuilt during the reign of Kangxi and rebuilt during the reign of Tongzhi in theQing Dynasty. Fu Shan, a famous hostess in the Qing Dynasty, wrote a tablet forit. This bridge is not large in scale and has a long history, but it isbeautiful in shape. The bridge deck is flat and not as high as ordinary stonebridges, so it is easy for cars and horses to walk. What's more, there isanother bridge under the bridge. There is no written record of the bridge below,and people didn't know it. In August 1977, a torrential rain caused a hugeflood, and the rolling flood took away a lot of river sediment which had beensilted up for many years. After the water receded, people were surprised to findthat Huiji bridge was stacked on the deck of the old bridge, forming the wonderof the bridge on the bridge. Making use of the old bridge to build a solidfoundation for the new bridge can save money, manpower and time. What a cleveridea! This is also a miracle in the history of bridge construction.
Here is the ancient city of Pingyao. Please follow me to the city wall.
(take tourists to the Lower East Gate)
This is the "Lower East Gate" of Huyao ancient city. Let's see howmagnificent and spectacular the 12 meter high wall is. Outside the city, therewas a moat. There was a suspension bridge at the gate. In the days of war inancient times, it was really an insurmountable defense line.
After we came in, this place was the Lower East Gate urn, which was set upto defend the gate. The city gate is the weak link of the city wall. With theurn City, the defense means of the city are greatly enhanced. This place has asmall root and is surrounded by high walls. Even if the enemy invades the urn,only a few people can enter, and they immediately fall into the encirclement andbecome turtles in the urn. Some of the urn gates are not opened on the oppositeside of the gate, but turn to the side. It can also prevent the enemy soldiersfrom rushing under the gate and dispel the enemy soldiers' spirit by turning thecorner. These design ideas are summed up by the ancients in the long-termpractical experience.
Look, there is also a small courtyard in the urn. What is it for? It turnsout that it is a small Guandi temple. Guandi is a martial saint. It is theunique creation of Pingyao people to build Guanmiao into the urn city. Pleasefollow me to the city wall.
Now we are in the city. There were towers here. They were destroyed in thewar. The platform built on the city wall is said to be Yin Jifu's commandingplatform. Yin Jifu was a general of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty. He was famous forhis Youfan in history. He wrote several poems such as Lu Jingchong's Gao Gao andGuan R2. The famous northern expedition against the nomadic people of the Northmentioned above was under his command. In order to consolidate the achievementsof the northern expedition, he also built jingling city here. There are manyother sites of Yin Jifu. There is also a village called Yin village nearjingling village. It is said that Yin Jifu was stationed there to drink. Thereis Yin Jifu's collection outside Shangdong gate. Before the collection, there isa large inscription on the Ming Dynasty stone tablet, which reads "Zhou QingshiZJ Jifu Shinto". Inside the upper east gate is a small temple in memory of YinJifu.
Please follow me to see the construction of the ancient city.
(take the tourists to dip southward. Walk and say, about 2-3 piers tostop)
We can see that there is a short block on both sides of the city wall,which is called the parapet. Why is it called the parapet? There is a writtenexplanation in the "building a French style" written by the government of theSong Dynasty: "words are inferior. Compared with the city, if a woman and herhusband are equal. " It means that the wall is tall and thick, and Baoweihusband; the female wall is thin and short, like a weak woman. In some folkplaces, there is such a story: in the early days, there was no parapet in thecity. Once, an old man was pulled to work, and his little granddaughter, who wasdependent on him, came to the city with him every day and sat by to watch. Oneday, a tired migrant worker came to the edge of the city wall in a daze. Thelittle girl, Berta, fell into the city and pushed him in. Unexpectedly, theforce was too strong. Although the migrant worker was saved, the little girlfell to death. In memory of her, craftsmen built a low wall in the city andcalled it a parapet. It's a touching story, but it does illustrate theprotective function of the parapet. Let's see: the girls' fields on both sidesare not the same. Crenels are built on the outer walls of the girls' fields, andcrenels also have holes for conjecture and shooting. Of course, this is for theneeds of actual combat.
As you have noticed, every spare section of the city wall has a protrudingpart, which is called the pier. What is the pier for? 7 it is used to protectthe city wall. We know that in ancient times, the main weapons used to attackand defend the city were bows, arrows and bending machines. They could shootdown from the top and up from the bottom. Therefore, the soldiers who defendedthe city were afraid to explore their origins. In this way, the city wall at thefoot of the anti Li Chengding defense corner. With piers and abutments, we canmake up for this deficiency, form a powerful three-dimensional shooting networkfrom three sides, and greatly strengthen the city defense force. On eachcollapse, an enemy tower was built with holes for observation and shooting.
In addition to these common points, ganyao ancient city has its own uniqueplace.
The city wall was originally a product of war, but pingdouren liked to puta strong cultural color on it. Kuixing tower, a symbol of cultural starofficial, was built on the southeast corner of Dingcheng wall. According tostatistics, there are 3000 crenels and 72 abandoned enemy towers in the ancientcity, which is a symbol of Confucius' three thousand disciples and seventy-twosages.
Huyao looks like a turtle from above. It has always been known as the cityof tortoise. It is said that it means the longevity of the tortoise. There aresix gates in the city, the South Gate looks like the head, the gate and theouter gate of the urn are all south. Ren Guishou is flexible, the north gatelooks like the tail, the outer gate of the urn is demolished and moves eastward,and the good puppet turtle tail swings eastward: the East Gate and the west gatelook like turtle feet. The three outer gates of the urn turn southward, as ifthe tortoise is slowly extending its legs and bending its limbs forward. Onlythe Lower East Gate, which we just came in, opens eastward instead of turningsouthward. It is said that it is uncle The tortoise climbs away, so he uses aninvisible rope to tie his left hind foot to the tower at the foot of the tower,which is one kilometer east of the city. Outside the south gate, there is a wellon the left and right, which is said to be a pair of bright eyes of thetortoise. In the center of the city, that is, the location of Guixin, there isalso a city building, which is the one we see standing on the top of manyhouses. On the two slopes of the top of the city building, the characters"Shuangxi" and "Xiangshou" are spelled out with yellow and blue glazed tiles. Itfully embodies the unique cultural atmosphere of the ancient city and expressesthe good wishes of the people from afar. It can be said that it is a painting ofdragon and dark in the urban construction concept of Guicheng .
There are many objects in the remote city. In southwest, the buildingcovered with glazed glass is the architectural complex of Town God's Temple andthe God of wealth temple. It can be seen nearby, and it can see the magnificentscenery of its high angle, flying, painted and painted. The modern building thatstands out near it is the teaching building of Pingshi middle school. TheDacheng Hall of the Confucian temple is in the campus. You can't see thecontempt from here. In order to protect the original style, it is generally notallowed to build buildings in the ancient city, but Ganyuan people made anexception to build a teaching building for the school, which shows theimportance of education. Pingyuan middle school has also lived up to theexpectations of the public, and has always maintained the leading position ofthis provincial key middle school in the province with excellent results
Pingyao, who is very familiar to our tour guides in Shanxi, must have metthis old gentleman. Under the appearance of vicissitudes, he is a warm andsincere heart, and his optimistic character must have left a deep impression onyou. Today, I invite him here, honoring him as "Pingyao Tourism ImageAmbassador". If you have been to this charming small northern city, I hope theold gentleman can help you If you haven't come yet, don't hesitate to carry yourluggage. Welcome to Pingyao ancient city!