part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)
directions: there are 4 reading passage in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a),b),c) and d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
passage one
questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
there is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. no school i have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill there are , however, vastly different deas about how to teach it , or how much priority it must be given over general language development and writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?
if spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher's interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to "play safe". he will tend to write only words within his spelling range , choosing to avoid adventurous language. that's why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
i was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: "this work is terrible! there are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible ." it may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay , which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. the teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors , but if his priorities had centred on the child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
21.teachers differ in their opinions about ________.
a)the difficulties in teaching spelling
b)the role of spelling in general language development
c)the complexities of the basic writing skills
d)the necessity of teaching spelling
22.the expression "play safe" probably means "_______".
a)to write carefully
b)to do as teachers say
c)to use dictionaries frequently
d)to avoid using words one is not sure of
23.teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ______.
a)students will be able to express their ideas more freely
b)teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
c)students will have more confidence in writing
d)students will learn to be independent of teachers
24. the writer seems to think that the teacher's judgement on that sensitive piece of writing is ______.
a)reasonable
b)unfair
c)foolish
d)careless
25.the major point discussed in the passage is ________
a)the importance of developing writhing skills
b)the complexities of spelling
c)the correct way of marking compositions
d)the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition
passage two
questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
a breakthrough in the provision of energy from he sun for the european economic community (eec) could be brought forward by up the two decades, if a modest increase could be provided in the eec's research effort in this field, according to the senior eec scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy a eec's scientific laboratories at ispra, near milan.
the senior west german scientist in charge of the community's solar energy programme , mr. joachim gretz, told journalists that at present levels of research spending it was most unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three per cent of the community's energy requirements even after the year 2000. but he said that with a modest increase in the present sums, devoted by the eec to this work it was possible that the breakthrough could be achieved by the end of the next decade.
mr. gratz calculates that if solar energy only provided three per cent of the eec's needs, this could still produce a saving of about a billion pounds in the present bill for imported energy each year. and he believes that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the community's future energy needs.
at present the eec spends about $2.6 millions a year on solar research at ispra, one of the eec's official joint research centres, and another $3 millions a year in indirect research with universities and other independent bodies.
26. the phrase "be brought forward" (lie 2, para. 1)most probably means "______"
a)be expected
b)be completed
c)be advanced
d)be introduced
27.some scientists believe that a breakthrough in the use of solar energy depends on _____.
a)sufficient funding
b)further experiments
c) advanced technology
d)well-equipped laboratories
28. according to mr. gretz, the present sum of money will enable the scientists to provide ______.
a)more than 3% of the eec's needs after the year 2000
b)only 3% of the eec's needs before the year 2000
c) lees than 3% of the eec's needs before the year 2000
d)3% of the eec's needs after the year 2000
29. which of the following is not true according to the passage?
a)the eec spends one billion pounds on imported energy each year.
b)at the present level of research spending, it is difficult to make any significant
progress in the provision of energy from the sun.
c) lees than 3% of the eec's needs before the year 2000.
d)3% of the eec's needs after the year2000.
30. the application of advanced technology to research in solar energy ______.
a)would lead to a big increase in research funding
b)would make it unnecessary to import oil
c)would make it possible to meet the future energy needs of the eec
d)would provide a much greater proportion of the community's future energy needs
passage three
questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
just seven years age, the jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. the sight of barney clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal -and -plastic pump -convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. it hadn't .after monitoring production of the jarvik-7 , and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients (most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the u.s. food and drug administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them. last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval, effectively banning the device.
the recall may hurt symbion inc., maker of the jarvik-7, but it won't end the request for an artificial heart. one problem with the banned model is that the tubes connecting it to an external power source created a passage for infection . inventors are now working on new devices that would be fully placed, along with a tiny power pack, in the patient's chest. the first sample products aren't expected for another 10 or 20 years. but some people are already worrying that they'll work -and that america's overextended health-care programs will lose a precious $2.5 billion to $5 billion a year providing them for a relatively few dying patients. if such expenditures cut into funding for more basic care, the net effect could actually be a decline in the nation's health.
31. according to the passage the jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be _______.
a)a technical failure
b)a technical wonder
c)a good life-saver
d)an effective means to treat heart disease
32.from the passage we know that symbion inc. _____.
a)has been banned by the government from producing artificial hearts
b)will review the effects of artificial hearts before designing new models
c)may continue to work on new models of reliable artificial hearts
d)can make new models of artificial hearts available on the market in 10 to 20 years
33.the new models of artificial hearts are expected ______.
a) to have a working life of 10 or 20 years
b) to be set fully in the patient's chest
c) to be equipped with an external power source
d) to create a new passage for infection
34.the word "them" in line 7, para. 2 refers to _______.
a)doctors who treat heart diseases
b)makers of artificial hearts
c)america's health - care programs
d)new models of artificial hearts
35.some people feel that _______.
a)artificial hearts are seldom effective
b)the country should not spend so much money on artificial hearts
c)the country is not spending enough money on artificial hearts
d)america's health-care programs are not doing enough for the nation's health
passage four
questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
a rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the united states as settlement spread ever farther westward. the early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with troublesome mechanical problems. the most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safe, effective stopping system. once these were solved, the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation. by 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads crossing the eastern mountain ranges and reaching westward to the mississippi. there were also regional southern and western lines.
the high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first transcontinental system. in 1862 congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from nebraska westward and from california eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the atlantic seaboard with the pacific. the government helped the railroads generously with money and land. actual work on this project began four years later. the central pacific company , starting from california, used chinese labor, while the union pacific employed crews of irish laborers .the two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater
distance than the other. in 1869 they met at a place called promontory in what is now the state of utah , many visitors came there for the great occasion. there were joyous celebrations all over the country , with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement.
the railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement. it also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets. in linking towns and people to one another it helped unify the united states.
36.the major problems with america's railroad system in the mid 19th century lay in ______.
a)poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systems
b)lack of financial support for development
c)limited railroad lines
d)lack of a transcontinental railroad
37. the building of the first transcontinental system _________.
a)brought about a rapid growth of industry and farming in the west
b)attracted many visitors to the construction sites
c)attracted laborers from europe
d)encouraged people to travel all over the country
38. the best title for this passage would be _______.
a)settlements spread westward
b)the coast-to -coast railroad: a vital link
c)american railroad history
d)the importance of trains in the american economy
39.the construction of the transcontinental railroad took ______.
a)9 years
b)7 years
c)4 years
d)3 years
40 . what most likely made people think about a transcontinental railroad?
a) the possibility of government support for such a task.
b) the need to explore utah.
c) the need to connect the east coast with the west.
d)the need to develop the railroad industry in the west.
part iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)
directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four
choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then
mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
41.we had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun , so let's have _____ one this month .
a)another
b)more
c)the other
d)other
42.it was difficult to guess what her ______ to the news would be.
a)impression
b)reaction
c)comment
d)opinion
43. i decided to go to the library as soon as i ______.
a)finish what i did
b)finished what i was doing
c)would finish what i was doing
d)finished what i was doing
44. there were some ______ flowers on the table
a)artificial
b)unnatural
c)false
d)unreal
45. we are interested in the weather because it ______us to directly - what the wear, what we wear,
what we do ,and even how we feel .
a)benefits
b)affects
c)guides
d)effects
46. will all those _______ the proposal raise their hands?
a)in relation to
b)in contrast to
c)in excess of
d)in favor of
47.chlidren are very curious ______.
a)at heart
b) in person
c)on purpose
d)by nature
48.the match was cancelled because most of the members _____ a match without a standard court.
a) objected to having
b) were objected to have
c)objected to have
d)were objected to having
49. the teacher doesn't permit _______ in class
a)smoke
b)to smoke
c)smoking
d)to have a smoke
50, i like watching tv______ to the cinema.
a)more than to go
b)than going
c)more than going
d)rather than to go
51. i appreciate _______ to your home.
a)to be invited
b)to have invited
c)having invited
d)being invited
52. i hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _______ when judging my examination.
a)regard
b)counting
c)account
d)observation
53.you ______ all those calculations ! we have a computer to do that sort of thing.
a)needn't have done
b)must not have done
c)shouldn't have done
d)can not have done
54. important people don't often have much free time as their work ________ all their time.
a)takes away
b)takes over
c)takes up
d) takes in
55. when i was very young, i was terribly frightened of school, but i soon ______ it.
a)got off
b)got across
c)got away
d)got over
56. many people complain of the rapid _______ of modern life.
a)rate
b)speed
c)pace
d)growth
57. san francisco is usually cool in the summer, but los angeles ______.
a)is rarely
b)rarely is
c)hardly is
d)is scarcely
58. the speaker, ______ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.
a)having known
b)being known
c)knowing
d)known
59.american women were _____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.
a)ignored
b)neglected
c)refused
d)denied
60. i couldn't find ______ , and so i took this one.
a) a large enough coat
b) an enough large coat
c)a large coat enough
d)a coat enough large
61. i always _____ what i have said.
a)get to
b)hold to
c)lead to
d)see to
62. no sooner had we reached the top of the hill ______ we all sat down to rest.
a)when
b)then
c)than
d)until
63.evidence came up _____ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.
a)what
b)which
c)that
d)whose
64.he moved away from his parents, and missed them _____ enjoy the exciting life in new york.
a)too much to
b)enough to
c)very much to
d)much so as so
65.he was ______ of having asked such a silly question.
a)sorry .
b)guilty
c)ashamed
d)miserable
66.the last time we had a family reunion was ______ my brother's wedding ceremony four years ago.
a)in
b)at
c)during
d)over
67.what _____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?
a) do you suppose
b) you suppose
c)will you suppose
d)you would suppose
68.________ the advances of science , the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.
a) as for
b)besides
c)except
d)despite
69.how close parents are to their children ______a strong influence on the character of the children.
a)have
b)has
c)having
d)to have
70.he ______ when the bus came to a sudden stop.
a)was almost hurt
b)was hurt himself
c)was to hurt himself
d)was hurting himself
part iv cloze (15 minutes)
directions: there are 20 blanks in the following passage . for each bland there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d) on the right side of the paper. you should choose the one that best fits into the passage. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. geographers compare and contrast _____ 71 places on the earth . but they also ______ 72 beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a ______73 . the word geography _____74 from two greek words , ge, the greek word for "earth" and graphein, _____75 means " to write." the english word geography means "to describe the earth ." ______76 geography books focus on a small area _______77 a town or city. others deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an _____78 continent. many geography books deal with the whole earth . another ______79 to divide the study of ______80 is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. the former focuses on the natural world ; the _______81 starts with human beings and______82 how human beings and their environment act ______83 each other. but when geography is considered as a single subject, ______84 branch can neglect the other. a geographer might be described ______85 one who observes, records, and explains the _____86 between places. if all places _______87 alike, there would be little need for geographers. we know , however, _______88 no two places are exactly the same. geography, _______89, is a point of view, a special way of ______90 at places.
71.
a)similar
b)various
c)distant
d)famous
72.
a)pass
b)go
c)reach
d)set
73.
a)whole
b)unit
c)part
d)total
74.
a)falls
b)removes
c)results
d)comes
75.
a)what
b)that
c)which
d)it
76.
a)some
b)many
c)most
d)few
77.
a)outside
b)except
c)as
d)like
78.
a)extensive
b)entire
c)overall
d)enormous
79.
a)way
b)means
c)habit
d)technique
80.
a)world
b)earth
c)geography
d)globe
81.
a)second
b)later
c)next
d)latter
82.
a)learns
b)studies
c) realises
d)understands
83.
a)upon
b)for
c)as
d)to
84.
a)neither
b)either
c)one
d)each
85.
a)for
b)to
c)as
d)by
86.
a)exceptions
b)sameness
c)differences
d)divisions
87.
a)being
b)are
c)be
d)were
88.
a)although
b)whether
c)since
d)since
89.
a)still
b)then
c)nevertheless
d)moreover
90.
a)working
b)looking
c)arriving
d)getting