承德導(dǎo)游詞（精選11篇）

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇1

　　普寧寺系承德外八廟之一，是國(guó)務(wù)院確定的漢族地區(qū)佛教全國(guó)重點(diǎn)寺院。這里群山環(huán)抱，形勝優(yōu)越，氣候絕佳，山水兼有北雄南秀之美。清朝政府在這里興建了皇家園林避暑山莊和外八廟佛教建筑群，在康熙、乾隆、嘉慶年間成為僅次於北京的全國(guó)第二個(gè)政治中心，它融匯了我國(guó)多民族的歷史、文化、藝術(shù)和建筑，使承德成為一座以園林和寺廟著稱的著名歷史文化名城。外八廟修建於清康熙五十二年至乾隆四十五年(l7l3-l780年)，由溥仁寺、溥善寺、普樂(lè)寺、安遠(yuǎn)廟、普寧寺、普佑寺、須彌福壽之廟、普陀宗乘之廟、殊像寺、廣安寺和羅漢堂等11座寺廟組成，這11座寺廟分外八處受北京雍和宮管轄，得名“外八廟”。其中以普寧寺最為完整、壯觀。

　　普寧寺建於清乾隆二十至二十四年(1755-1759年)，占地面積33000平方米，是外八廟中較大的寺廟建筑群。當(dāng)時(shí)清政府平定了厄魯特蒙古準(zhǔn)噶爾部達(dá)瓦齊的叛亂，在避暑山莊為厄魯特四部上層貴族封爵，因他們信奉藏傳佛教，故仿西藏三摩耶(又稱桑耶寺)建制修建了普寧寺。淆政府希望邊疆人民“安其居，樂(lè)其業(yè)，永永普寧”，取名“普寧寺”。

　　普寧寺建筑風(fēng)格獨(dú)特，它吸收并融合了漢地佛教寺院和藏傳佛教寺院的建筑格局，南半部為漢地寺廟的“七堂伽藍(lán)”式布局:中軸線上依次分布著山門、天王殿、大雄寶殿等殿堂;兩側(cè)為鐘鼓樓和東西配殿，南北長(zhǎng)150米，寬70米。北半部為藏式寺廟建筑:以大乘閣為中心，周圍環(huán)列著許多藏式碉房建筑物——紅臺(tái)、白臺(tái)以及四座白色喇嘛塔。

　　普寧寺正門，面闊五間，當(dāng)中三間石刻拱門，象徵“三解脫門”(空門、無(wú)相門、無(wú)作門)。殿內(nèi)供奉的兩位天神即“哼哈二將”，是1986年修復(fù)時(shí)新塑的，高4.34米，木骨泥塑。手持金剛杵，裸露上身，衣纏腰際，瞠目作威猛狀。左為密持金剛，右為那羅延金剛。碑亭為平面三間方型，重檐歇山頂，下檐單翹單昂，上檐單翹重昂，黃琉璃瓦綠剪邊覆頂。亭內(nèi)有三座碑，中間是《御制普寧寺碑文》，記載了興建普寧寺原委和布局;左右為《御制平定準(zhǔn)噶爾勒銘伊犁之碑》、《御制平定準(zhǔn)噶爾後勒銘伊犁之碑》，記述清政府平定準(zhǔn)噶爾部貴族達(dá)瓦齊.阿睦爾撒納的叛亂，鞏固西北邊防的史實(shí)。這三座碑均為乾隆御筆，用滿、漢、蒙、藏四種文書(shū)寫成。鐘樓平闊三間，兩層樓閣，單檐歇山頂。內(nèi)懸清朝雍正年間銅鐘一尊，高2米，口徑1.26米。每日清晨，喇嘛叩擊108響，僧人開(kāi)始上殿念經(jīng)。佛教稱這108聲鐘聲可去108種煩惱，“聞鐘聲，煩惱清，智慧長(zhǎng)，菩提生”。

　　大殿為重檐歇山頂，覆綠剪邊黃琉璃瓦，正脊中央置一藏傳佛教寺院建筑特有裝飾銅質(zhì)鎏金寶塔。屋脊、前後垂脊、岔脊頭共有十個(gè)鴟吻，在建筑上可保護(hù)脊壟穩(wěn)固、不滲水。檐角上各有七個(gè)栩栩如生的飛禽走獸像，它們各有其寓意。第一個(gè)是龍，能興風(fēng)作雨，是帝王象徵。第二個(gè)為鳳，鳥(niǎo)中之王，指有圣德之人。第三個(gè)是獅子，為鎮(zhèn)山之王，勇猛威嚴(yán)。第四個(gè)是天馬，象徵皇帝威德暢達(dá)四方。第五個(gè)是海馬，喻意皇帝威德可通天八海。第六個(gè)是狻猊，是一種能食虎豹的猛獸。第七個(gè)叫押魚(yú)，為海中異獸，能滅火防災(zāi)。大殿正中供奉三世佛，中間是現(xiàn)世佛釋迦牟尼，左邊是前世佛燃燈，右邊是未來(lái)佛彌勒，木雕金漆，金光閃爍，儀態(tài)莊嚴(yán)。兩側(cè)山墻石壇上排列十八羅漢像。北墻繪有八尊度母和勝樂(lè)十六天女圖，栩栩如生，傳神入畫(huà)。屋頂繪有六字真言。

　　普寧寺後半部的藏式寺院建筑是模仿桑耶寺風(fēng)格，通過(guò)建筑總體布局和個(gè)體造型來(lái)反映藏傳佛教的世界觀，把密宗的曼荼羅等清凈佛國(guó)理想境界用具體建筑形象表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，使整個(gè)建筑具有象徵作用�！奥�荼羅”的梵語(yǔ)，義為“輪集”，或譯作“;輪壇”、“壇城”，是密宗僧侶修行時(shí)構(gòu)筑的法壇，後演變?yōu)椤皥A輪俱足、諸佛集會(huì)”的圣壇。普寧寺的後半部就是根據(jù)佛經(jīng)對(duì)宇宙的描述設(shè)計(jì)的。大乘之閣巍然屹立中間，代表須彌山，象徵世界中心，閣之東西則建有日殿和月殿，表示日月環(huán)繞宇宙世界運(yùn)行，閣的四面有四座重層殿宇代表四大部洲:東勝神洲殿象徵風(fēng)，起著長(zhǎng)養(yǎng)萬(wàn)物的作用，形如半月，故建筑月牙形臺(tái)殿;南瞻部殿象徵火，形為三角，起著促進(jìn)萬(wàn)物成熟的作用，建成梯形臺(tái)殿;西牛賀洲殿象徵水，攝受萬(wàn)物，建成橢圓形臺(tái)殿;北俱盧洲象徵地，保護(hù)萬(wàn)物，建成正方形臺(tái)殿。閣之四隅有四座寶塔，代表佛之“四智”:西北角的白色塔為“大圓境智”，能清楚地反映、認(rèn)識(shí)世界萬(wàn)象;東北角黑色塔為“平等性智”，視世界萬(wàn)物平等無(wú)差別;東南角的紅色塔為“妙觀察智”，表示佛能明察善惡，妙觀萬(wàn)法;西南角綠色塔為“成所作智”，表示信佛能成就自利和利他事業(yè)。大乘之閣五頂緊密連接，結(jié)成一個(gè)屋頂組群，四大部洲的臺(tái)殿和日月殿是把藏式平頂建筑改變比例，作為基座，上建漢式木構(gòu)建筑，而白臺(tái)建筑則是藏族形式，這樣使?jié)h藏建筑巧妙結(jié)合，外形雄偉又具有園林配置，形成漢藏文化相互融合的風(fēng)格獨(dú)特的寺廟建筑。

　　大乘之閣內(nèi)部分三層，在上下貫通的中部供奉著世界最大的木雕——千手千眼觀世音菩薩像。這尊佛像高22.28米，腰圍15米，重量達(dá)110頓，用松、柏、榆、椴、杉五種木材制成，約需120立方米木材。觀音站在蓮花座上雙手合十，背後又生出40只手來(lái)，每只手上有一只眼隋，各持一件法器。造型莊嚴(yán)，慈顏善目，衣紋自然流暢，是寶貴的藝術(shù)珍品。

　　在千手千眼觀音兩旁是高達(dá)l4米的善才和龍女木雕塑像。大乘之閣的二樓供藏五方佛，三樓的迥廊上供奉三世佛和寶塔。閣內(nèi)的墻壁均用萬(wàn)佛龕裝飾，每個(gè)佛龕內(nèi)部都有一尊金漆藏泥無(wú)量壽佛，共計(jì)一萬(wàn)零九十尊，整個(gè)殿堂裝飾得金碧輝煌。

　　大乘之閣東側(cè)還有妙嚴(yán)室，是乾隆皇帝進(jìn)廟休息之所。西側(cè)有講經(jīng)堂，是蒙古佛教首領(lǐng)章嘉國(guó)師和哲布尊丹巴呼圖克圖講經(jīng)場(chǎng)所。周圍還有八棟共40間僧房，是上層佛教界人士駐錫之所和喇嘛僧房。據(jù)說(shuō)在乾隆年間，普寧寺有喇嘛二百多人。

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇2

　　小布達(dá)拉宮就是普陀宗乘之廟，俗稱小布達(dá)拉宮。在避暑山莊以北，“須彌福壽之廟”的西側(cè)，是一座具有非凡藝術(shù)代價(jià)的寺廟構(gòu)筑。全廟除主體大紅臺(tái)、懂得臺(tái)等外，尚有四十多座各式百般的僧房佛殿白臺(tái)和塔臺(tái)，是承德外八廟中局限最大的一個(gè)，占地面積22萬(wàn)平方米，氣魄宏偉，異常壯觀。

　　該廟是仿西藏拉薩布達(dá)拉宮建筑的，“普陀宗乘”是藏語(yǔ)“布達(dá)拉”的漢譯。廟依山制作，坐北朝南，山門內(nèi)是碑閣，北是五塔門，高十余米，有拱門三個(gè)，上建紅、黃、黑、白、綠五座喇嘛塔。門北是琉璃牌樓。牌樓北地形漸高，各式白臺(tái)、塔臺(tái)構(gòu)筑因地形而散置，坎坷有別，變革多端。最后為宏偉高峻的主體構(gòu)筑大紅臺(tái)。大紅臺(tái)的正面，下面是高達(dá)十八米的懂得臺(tái)，其上矗立著高達(dá)二十五米的大紅臺(tái)。紅臺(tái)內(nèi)附近為三層群樓，中央是重檐攢尖鎏金銅瓦項(xiàng)的“萬(wàn)法歸一”殿。

　　清帝乾隆建筑這座局限雄偉的喇嘛古剎，是有其用意的。乾隆三十五年，是乾隆六十壽辰，乾隆三十六年是他母親八十壽辰，蒙古族又虔信黃教(喇嘛教格魯派)，借蒙古、青海、新疆等地少數(shù)民族的王公、部落長(zhǎng)來(lái)承德為他祝壽之機(jī)，操作喇嘛教，舉辦綏撫。桑珠孜宗堡始建于1363年，是后藏日喀則地域最早的構(gòu)筑之一，被稱作“小布達(dá)拉宮”。布達(dá)拉宮擴(kuò)建時(shí)，在形制友善勢(shì)威風(fēng)凜凜上受到桑珠孜宗堡影響。在承德市避暑山莊正北，始建于乾隆三十二年，是為慶賀乾隆的60大壽而建的，也是“外八廟”中局限最大的一座。其樣式仿拉薩布達(dá)拉宮，氣魄壯觀，故又稱為“小布達(dá)拉宮”。

　　乾隆三十六年，為乾隆帝六十壽辰和皇太后八十壽辰之年，邊疆各少數(shù)民族的首領(lǐng)都要集承德，進(jìn)行隆重的慶壽勾當(dāng)，呈現(xiàn)了亙古未有的全百姓族大連合的排場(chǎng)。為了恭順各族信奉，連合各族人民，乾隆帝御旨制作這座大型寺院。

　　其時(shí)，邊疆各少數(shù)民族多半愛(ài)崇藏傳釋教。拉薩布達(dá)拉宮是藏傳釋教的一此中心。而藏傳釋教宣稱布達(dá)拉宮為觀世音菩薩的道場(chǎng)。觀民音菩薩的道場(chǎng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)有三處：一在印度，一在西藏，一在南海(浙江普陀山)。乾隆帝以為，觀音發(fā)祥于印度，然后先到西藏為本土，以是在承建觀音道場(chǎng)便"仿西藏，非仿南海"。普陀宗乘之廟是在漢族傳統(tǒng)構(gòu)筑的基本上融合藏族構(gòu)筑特點(diǎn)制作的，它是漢藏構(gòu)筑世術(shù)領(lǐng)悟的規(guī)范。

　　這座寺廟最大的特點(diǎn)就是其藏式構(gòu)筑，廟內(nèi)共有巨細(xì)構(gòu)筑約60處，多是平頂白墻。主體構(gòu)筑大紅臺(tái)是一座暗赤色的方形構(gòu)筑，在周圍白色樓宇的映襯下，很是搶眼。大紅臺(tái)中心的萬(wàn)法歸一殿頂部所有被鎏金銅瓦所包圍，僅此一項(xiàng)造價(jià)等于黃金萬(wàn)兩，這里是進(jìn)行重大的宗教典禮或清帝訪問(wèn)重要的少數(shù)民族部落首領(lǐng)及王公大臣們的場(chǎng)合。普陀宗乘之廟古木參天，情形寂靜，還可在此遠(yuǎn)眺棒槌山，是外八廟中不行不游的一處。

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇3

　　各位朋友們：

　　大家好，歡迎大家來(lái)承德避暑山莊觀光游覽。避暑山莊位于承德市區(qū)北部，是我國(guó)現(xiàn)存最大的古典皇家園林。

　　避暑山莊是清代康、乾盛世的象征。作為山莊締造者的康熙、乾隆，都曾六下江南，遍歷天下景物之美。在修建避暑山莊時(shí)，博采眾家之長(zhǎng)，融合中國(guó)南北園林風(fēng)格為一體，使避暑山莊成為中國(guó)古典園林藝術(shù)的總結(jié)與升華。我國(guó)園林專家們說(shuō)，整個(gè)避暑山莊就是祖國(guó)錦繡河山的縮影，這原因與避暑山莊的地形有關(guān)。

　　請(qǐng)各位向右看，遠(yuǎn)處的山巒上，有一巨大石柱，擎天而立，直插云端。它上粗下細(xì)，很像洗衣用的棒槌，我們承德人叫它棒槌山，康熙皇帝賜名“磬錘峰”。修建避暑山莊時(shí)，巧借此景，使山莊內(nèi)外渾然一體，擴(kuò)大了空間感，創(chuàng)造了新的意境美，這是山莊設(shè)計(jì)者運(yùn)用“借景”這一造園藝術(shù)的成功典范。一般來(lái)承德的人，都要到山上去摸一下棒槌山，因?yàn)槌械旅耖g流傳這樣一句話：“摸到棒槌山，能活一百三�！比绻�大家有興趣的話，不妨明天上山摸一摸，一定很有意思的。

　　門前兩側(cè)這兩個(gè)銅獅，威風(fēng)凜凜。說(shuō)起這兩個(gè)銅獅，還有一段動(dòng)人的傳說(shuō)呢!相傳在中國(guó)抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，日本侵略軍侵占了承德并大肆搶劫。有一天一群日本兵發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)銅獅子很漂亮，是無(wú)價(jià)之寶，就想搶走，可是銅獅子太重，他們搬也搬不動(dòng)，于是就分頭去找工具。這一切讓護(hù)院的老人看在眼里，痛在心上。他想銅獅子是國(guó)家的財(cái)寶，決不能讓日本兵搶走。他靈機(jī)一動(dòng)，立即從村里找來(lái)豬血，涂在獅子的眼睛上，等日本兵找到工具回來(lái)后發(fā)現(xiàn)獅子的眼睛紅紅的，都哭出了血，個(gè)個(gè)嚇得目瞪口呆，害怕搬動(dòng)獅子會(huì)給他們帶來(lái)厄運(yùn)，便慌里慌張地逃走了，這對(duì)國(guó)寶才得以保留至今�，F(xiàn)在這對(duì)銅獅成了人們心目中的吉祥物。如果大家想萬(wàn)事如意的話，千萬(wàn)別忘了摸摸它。

　　今天我們就到這兒，我們下次見(jiàn)，Goodbay!

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇4

　　前幾天，我和媽媽、老姨、小哥哥一路籌謀著去旅游。所在就定為承德和北京。

　　本日一早晨，我們帶上隨身物品來(lái)到了火車站。歷經(jīng)6個(gè)多小時(shí)的遠(yuǎn)程跋涉，顛末巨細(xì)26個(gè)站點(diǎn)，終于達(dá)到了我們的目標(biāo)地——承德。

　　達(dá)到目標(biāo)地后，我們抉擇先去小布達(dá)拉宮游覽一番。我們打上車，一起說(shuō)言笑笑，不知不覺(jué)的就到了小布達(dá)拉宮，而且尚有免費(fèi)的導(dǎo)游領(lǐng)路和講授。讓我們分明白很多古代的工作。說(shuō)小布達(dá)拉宮是為了慶賀乾隆天子六十壽辰和皇太后八十壽辰而建筑的。首要特點(diǎn)是藏式構(gòu)筑。顛末戰(zhàn)亂，很多紅墻脫落，白墻坍毀，召集各人捐錢重建小布達(dá)拉宮。

　　我們一邊聽(tīng)講授，一邊走路。發(fā)明有3個(gè)大門可以走，導(dǎo)游說(shuō)左邊的門是蓬勃門，右邊的門是升官門，中間的是安全門。大大都人都走了安全門，媽媽卻走蓬勃門，我迷惑的問(wèn)媽媽為什么走蓬勃門，媽媽說(shuō)：“我但愿我們公司的買賣茂盛，財(cái)路滔滔，雖然得走蓬勃門了!”“哦，原本是這樣呀�！蔽页兄Z一聲繼承向前走。

　　不久，我們來(lái)到了一座寺廟——佛緣，任務(wù)講授員說(shuō)這里是天子天天都來(lái)拜的大佛。接近大佛可覺(jué)得家人許愿，沾一點(diǎn)靈氣回家。媽媽便為我求了一個(gè)佛珠，100元吶，嚇?biāo)牢伊?媽媽說(shuō)這玉珠只是眷念品罷了，要害是我們?yōu)橹亟ㄐ〔歼_(dá)拉宮添磚加瓦孝順一點(diǎn)力氣。我名頓開(kāi)，多年往后，重建的小布達(dá)拉宮也有我的“功勛”呢!

　　一起上，固然下著小雨，我們依然興高采烈。當(dāng)我們登上小布達(dá)拉宮時(shí)，發(fā)明墻壁上有很多窗戶，有些是關(guān)閉的，有些是敞開(kāi)的。導(dǎo)游說(shuō)：“這是佛常常念佛的處所。佛不能看到人世的花花綠綠，男女老小。這些窗戶有些是明窗，有些是盲窗。明窗是向上傾斜45°角，向外只能看到藍(lán)天和白云。盲窗天然是關(guān)閉式的，基礎(chǔ)看不到表面的。”為了證實(shí)導(dǎo)游說(shuō)的，我們進(jìn)去一看，公然與導(dǎo)游說(shuō)的千篇一律。轉(zhuǎn)眼間，導(dǎo)游與我們辭別了，說(shuō)：“我的事變到此竣事，衷心祝愿各人旅途舒暢!”

　　就這樣，我們?cè)趯?dǎo)游的活躍講授中竣事了小布達(dá)拉宮之旅。

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇5

　　Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, uncles, aunts, aunts, husbands,brothers, sisters, ladies and sisters. First of all, on behalf of the boss ofthe travel agency and all the landlords, as well as myself and the driver infront of me, I would like to extend my heartfelt greetings to you.

　　It's said that 500 times of looking back in the past life, only in exchangefor a brush in this life. Today, we people from different cities can share a carto spend 3 days and 2 nights together in Chengde, which shows the great fatebetween us. It also shows that we didn't do anything else in our last life, andwe turned back.

　　Having said so much, you still don't know me. Let me introduce myself. I'mthe tour guide of our 3-day tour in Chengde. The moral introduction of my namemakes it easy for you to remember and recognize. You can call me a guide, orwhatever, but don't call a guide. When you call a guide in the scenic area,seven or eight people who turn back don't know who is who.

　　I know you are very sleepy now, so I'll talk about the itinerary later. Letme get to know you first. If you have anything, you can find me. My phone numberis 188605. At the same time, please remember the license plate number to avoidgetting on the wrong bus. What's the name of our group Group, in the name of thetail number of the license plate, on the one hand, always remind you of thelicense plate, on the other hand, it's the peak tourist season in Chengde.Today, five cars were sent together. I can't tell the group's collectionclearly, so that you can quickly get familiar with the organization.

　　As we have a long drive, we are expected to arrive in Chengde at about 1p.m., so I'd like to make it clear to you first.

　　1. First of all, our seats are fixed. We will do whatever we sit today inthe next three days. This seat is not arranged by me. It is arranged by thetravel agency according to the order of everyone's registration. The quality ofour group's tourists is relatively good. It's not said that there aredifferences because of the seats. We are front-line tour guides. We often travelin groups. Once I met a situation where 30 of 50 people in a car said they werecarsick, but our bus can't drive horizontally. Therefore, the travel agencydidn't promise that they would be carsick in front of us when they received theservice, because they were all carsick. So if you want to be the front-linetourists, please register in advance. However, we are at high speed all the way,like this one-and-a-half floor bus, it is the same before and after sitting, andthere will be no carsickness.

　　2. The luggage reminds you to put the scattered things on the top, and it'sbetter not to put the things in the front two compartments, because the brakingcurve is easy to cause the luggage to fall off, so as to avoid hurting people.Take personal valuables with you.

　　3. Parents with children must be optimistic about their babies. Don't runaround in the car. We adults are the same. People are not allowed to stand orwalk when the car is running at high speed. Don't feel tired. It's OK to rely onit for a while, because the road conditions are changing at any time. I remembera tourist just like I am now resting. As a result, a person with emergency brakeflew directly past. Although there is insurance, it's not safe Suffer. Althoughthe master is good at driving long-distance Chengde line, but for the sake ofsafety, we try to do in the seat, armrest down and fasten the seat belt.

　　4. There will be a stop in the service area in about three hours. You canalso go down for a walk to relieve yourself. If you have a friend who is in ahurry, please remember to tell the guide that we are on the highway, not thatyou can't hold it. We can only stop when you get the service area. Withoutspecial circumstances, we normally stop every three hours, so that we can get tothe scenic spot earlier.

　　5. And then there is the sanitation in the car. First of all, smoking isnot allowed in the car, whether it is running or stationary. Then there is noteating melon seeds and other easy to jump, that are all snacks. Garbage we putin garbage bags, not enough garbage bags to find guide to ha. Remember to takethe garbage down when you get off the car. Some perishable food has beensuffocating for a long time. It really smells bad. Then there is the food withstrong pungent smell. Don't eat stinky tofu, durian or instant noodles in thecar. Carsick friends really can't stand it. You are vomiting when you eat hisnoodles. The picture is too beautiful. I really can't watch it.

　　6. Finally, there are preferential policies. For those under 18 years oldand after 20__, they only look at the year but not the month. For those who showtheir ID cards, half price student ID cards, full-time graduate students are notincluded. For those over 60 years old from 1949 to 1958, they only look at theyear but not the month. For their ID cards, half price. Those under 1.2 metersand those over 70 years old and 1948 years old should show their ID cards freeof charge. Reporter card, disability card, officer card, online examinationcertificate - free ticket. I'll collect the documents later.

　　Next, I'd like to introduce the general situation and itinerary of thescenic spots. What items are included in your tour fee, which items are notincluded, which items need to be consumed separately, which places can savemoney, and which scenic spots are not regretful. Come out to travel and consumerationally.

　　(itinerary introduction) Chengde summer resort, little potala palace, PutuoZongcheng temple, Banchan palace, Xumi Fushou temple, Pule temple, Bangchuimountain, Pule temple, sanguanfeng

　　Chengde summer resort:

　　Located in the center of Hebei Province, it is a landmark building,covering an area of 5.64 million square meters, a world cultural heritage, anational AAAAA tourist attraction, a national key cultural relics protectionunit, and one of the four famous gardens in China.

　　Chengde summer resort, also known as "Chengde Palace" or "Rehe Palace", islocated in the north of Chengde City Center in Hebei Province, on the narrowvalley along the West Bank of WuLie river. It is a place for the Qing emperorsto spend summer and deal with government affairs.

　　The summer resort was built in 1703. It took 89 years to complete after thereign of Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong. The summerresort, with the style of simple and elegant villages and wild interests, takesthe nature of natural landscape and absorbs the scenery of the South and northof the Yangtze River. It has become the largest ancient imperial palace inChina.

　　The summer resort is divided into four parts: palace area, Lake area, plainarea and mountain area. The whole resort is rich in water in the southeast andmountainous in the northwest. It is the epitome of China's natural landscape, abrilliant milestone in the history of Chinese garden, a masterpiece of Chineseclassical garden art, and the highest example of Chinese classical garden.

　　On March 4, 1961, the summer resort was announced as the first batch ofnational key cultural relics protection units. Together with the summer palace,Humble Administrator's garden and Liuyuan, it was named as China's four famousgardens. It was listed in the world heritage list in December 1994.

　　During the reign of Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong of the QingDynasty, about half a year was spent in Chengde. The important political,military, ethnic and diplomatic affairs in the early Qing Dynasty were all dealtwith here. Therefore, Chengde summer resort has become the capital and thesecond political center outside Beijing. Here, Qianlong met and entertained someimportant figures, such as durbert Taiji sancheling, turhuttai jiwobashi and thesixth Panchen Lama, the leader of politics and religion. Both emperor Jiaqingand Xianfeng of Qing Dynasty died here. In 1860, when the British and Frenchallied forces attacked Beijing, Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty fled to thesummer resort for refuge, where he approved several unequal treaties such as theSino Russian Beijing treaty. The "Xinyou coup" that influenced the process ofChinese history, the court coup planned by Cixi, and so on, also originatedhere.

　　There are two famous scenic spots in it: Jinshan Temple, Jinshan shangbiPavilion, which was built in Jinshan, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. It was thefirst time that Cixi was favored. Liu Xiaoqing also shot the burning ofYuanmingyuan here. Yanyu building: it was built in imitation of the Yanyubuilding in Nanhu, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, and nominated by EmperorQianlong. This is the scene of shufangzhai, the first little swallow in huanzhugege. The big tree that little swallow jumps up and down, and the rockery thatfive elder brothers play hide and seek are all here. Rehe, formerly known asRehe palace, is one of the shortest rivers in the world. It is only 0.3 km long.It was a volcanic eruption zone 70 million years ago. In the Qing Dynasty, thespring water protruding from the spring eye could cook eggs. Later, it waspoured into the spring water of Wulie River, Chengde's mother river, to keep thewater temperature level, with an average temperature of 8 degrees. Rehe washesher hands with water. Women are 20 this year and 19 next year. Men have moneyand beautiful women have everything.

　　Bangchui mountain

　　In 1702, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty named this mountain"qingchufeng", which looks like a chime hammer. Jiaqing avoids homophony andchanges it to Bangchui mountain. Qingchui peak is isolated from the gentlemountains. It is just like a towering pillar. The natural shape with a slightlythick upper part and a slightly thin lower part can easily open people'simagination, saying that it can be similar to Namibia's "thumb of God".

　　What's quite amazing is that there is a mulberry tree about 3 meters highat the waist of qingchufeng. It is estimated that this mulberry tree andqingchufeng have loved each other for 300 years, and it is said to be theearliest mulberry tree in China. There is a platform under the peak and a QingDynasty Tantric statue on the East Cliff. The actual measurement shows that theheight from the platform base to the peak is 59.42 meters, the height of thehammer is 38.29 meters, the volume is 6508.68 cubic meters, and the weight is16200 tons. Qianchufeng is far away from the pavilion of "chufeng luozhao" inthe summer resort.

　　There are many legends about Bangchui mountain. It is widely spread thatBangchui mountain falls and toad stone runs. In that year, Dayu led people toChengde. He found a toad making waves in the mountain. During the day, Dayu andothers worked hard to drain the water. At night, the toad's stomach swelled andsucked the water back. Dayu was determined to punish the toad. One night, Dayufound that the toad essence was doing mischief again, so he picked up a bighammer for pounding clothes, and beat the toad essence to the ground, turning itinto a big stone. Fearing that it would run out again and harm the people, Dayuthrew the gavel and set it beside the toad stone, turning it into a mountainpeak. Toad fine move, give a mallet. In this way, toad spirit no longer dare tomake trouble, had to lie there obediently, until today.

　　There is a saying in Chengde that if you touch Bangchui mountain, you willlive to 130.

　　Pule Temple

　　It is commonly known as yuantingzi. It was built in 1766, facing west. Atthat time, the relationship between the Northwest Nationalities and the Qinggovernment was increasingly close. The Kazaks living near Balkhash and thebrutes living in the north of Congling constantly sent representatives to makepilgrimage, so the temple was built. Facing the summer resort, the templepresents a situation of stars crowding the moon, symbolizing the unity of amulti-ethnic country. On Bangchui mountain, you can visit the temple of heaventogether. Emperor Qianlong adopted the suggestion of living Buddha Zhang Jia andbuilt the temple in 1766. It was named "Universal Music" with the meaning of"first worry and then joy".

　　Waiba Temple: Waiba temple is the general name of eight Tibetan Buddhisttemples in the northeast of Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei Province. From 1713to 1780, eight outer temples were successively built. At that time, there were40 temples directly under the Li Fan yuan in Beijing and Chengde, including 32in the capital and 8 in Chengde. Chengde was located outside Beijing and theGreat Wall, so it was called Wai Ba temple, including Puren temple, PushanTemple (no longer exist), Puning Temple, Anyuan Temple, Putuo Zongcheng temple,Shuxiang temple, Xumi Fushou temple and Guangyuan temple. The Qing emperor builtthese temples in order to conform to the custom of the Mongolian, Tibetan andother ethnic minorities believing in Lamaism, "because of their religion, it isnot easy for them to be vulgar", and to achieve the political purpose of"combining the internal and external heart, forming a solid career" of the QingDynasty through "deep benevolence and wealth".

　　Putuo Zongcheng temple in little potala palace

　　The layout of the temple is modeled on the Potala Palace in Lhasa, commonlyknown as the "little potala palace". Here Emperor Qianlong met with the leaderof turhu, wobaxi, and his party, and held a grand lecture, saying, birthday andother activities.

　　Located in the north of Chengde Mountain Resort, the temple was built in1771. "Putuo Zongcheng" is the Potala Palace in Tibetan language. It rises fromthe mountain to the mountain, and is magnificent.

　　In the 36th year of Qianlong, the 60th birthday of Emperor Qianlong and the80th birthday of empress dowager, the leaders of various ethnic minorities inthe border areas gathered in Chengde to hold a grand birthday celebration,creating an unprecedented situation of national unity.

　　In order to respect the beliefs of all ethnic groups and unite the peopleof all ethnic groups, Emperor Qianlong ordered the construction of this largetemple.

　　The temple of Zongcheng in Putuo is the largest of the eight outertemples.

　　Xumi Fushou Temple

　　Xumi Fushou temple, a national key cultural relic protection unit, islocated on the south slope of Shizigou in the north of Chengde Mountain Resortin Hebei Province, east of Putuo Zongcheng temple. In 1780, the sixth PanchenLama set out from zhashlunbu temple in Shigatse to celebrate Emperor Qianlong's70th birthday. After a long journey of more than 20000 Li, he came to Chengdeafter 13 months. In order to welcome the sixth Panchen, Emperor Qianlong built atemple of Xumi Fushou for the sixth Panchen to preach and live in, which is alsocalled "Panchen Palace". "Xumishan", the Tibetan name "zhahui", is an auspiciousplace for Jie to live in; "Fushou", the Tibetan name "Lunbu". Xumi Fushou meansto live as long as the auspicious Xumi mountain. The temple with the highestgold content is also the only one with full-time commentators. Next to thelittle potala palace, you can visit it together.

　　Kuixing Building

　　It is the only Taoist temple to visit today. The main scenic spots forstudying are distributed in three areas: square garden area, palace area andlandscaping area: Longmen, Zhongdou palace, 72 blessed land, Rongshi Lezhenhall, Hongwen hall, Kuixing main building, chengtiantai, Congming spring, andtrestle road around the mountain. Among them, the Rongshi Lezhen hall is theEast and west side hall, which respectively worships eight statues of "Shou, Xi,Le, he" and "Fu, Lu, Cai, an". The painted images are exquisitely carved andunique.

　　It was built in 1828 A.D. in Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty. The originalbuilding stands on the top of Banbi mountain. It is a three room hard mountainbuniwa hall. At that time, it was full of incense. In order to facilitate theexchange of incense, a dock and a tea shed were built at the foot of Banbimountain. Later, Kuixing building was destroyed due to disrepair. The newlybuilt Kuixing building is located on the original Banbi mountain, covering anarea of more than 100 mu. Its construction scale is much larger than that of theoriginal building, and many new cultural contents are added. The whole group ofbuildings are gorgeous in color, grand and magnificent, and well arrangedaccording to the mountain.

　　Sanguanfeng

　　Located in the south of Chengde City, the relative height of the peak is300 meters, with an altitude of 650 meters. The peak is shaped like a monk hat,and Emperor Qianlong named it sengguan peak. The peak is adjacent to Wulie waterin the East and Jiuhua Mountain in the south. In spring, summer and autumn,morning and evening, the clouds on the top of the mountain rise like gauze andlight silk. In the severe winter, silver is covered in plain clothes, vast andmagnificent. The most amazing thing about this mountain is not the beauty of thescenery, but the ability to "gather and disperse with clouds and take up theexperience of sunshine and rain". The local proverb says, "wear a rain cap whenit rains, and a wind cap when it blows.". When the local people see the cloudsgathering at the top of Seng Mao mountain, they know it will rain; when they seethe clouds behind Seng Mao mountain, they know it will be windy. The Buddhastatues of sengguanfeng can be photographed. The cliff stone carving is thelight of Buddhism.

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇6

　　Hello, ladies and gentlemen!

　　Welcome to Baiyun ancient cave for sightseeing. Today, I will guide you. Myname is __×. I hope we can have a good cooperation.

　　(suspension bridge carved stone wall)

　　Now the bridge we want to cross is Baiyun ancient cave suspension bridge.Maybe some of us haven't crossed this bridge yet. Please experience it today.The river under our feet is called Chaohe River. Its source is Huangqi Town inour county. The river water directly flows into Miyun Reservoir in Beijing. Mostof the drinking water of the people in the capital comes from this river.

　　Not far across the river, we can see four pieces of white marble inlaid onthe stone wall facing us, which are engraved with four big green official scriptcharacters of "Baiyun ancient cave". This is the handwriting of Mr. oberda, afamous calligrapher. It is powerful and memorable.

　　(to the ticket office)

　　Now we have entered the Baiyun ancient cave scenic spot Yihua Li. Baiyunancient cave is the general name of a group of natural caves. There are ninecaves and thirty-six scenes in the scenic area. Our cave is Baiyun ancient cave,and the small one is Shenfeng cave. Thirty six scenic spots include yingkefeng,quxiantian, lianyinzhai, shibaotan, dayueyatian, xiaoyueyatian and so on. Thewhole mountain is characterized by "green mountains, beautiful waters, no roadin doubt, another village with hidden willows and bright flowers". It integrates"strange, dangerous, secluded and beautiful" in one, with monks, Taoists andnuns living together in one mountain. It is 200 meters away from the scenicYingke peak. Baiyun ancient cave has woshi mountain in the north, Xianyuanmountain in the East, Lianhua Mountain in the west, and Bianqiang mountain andBijia mountain in the south. Surrounded by mountains, covering an area of 8square kilometers, the tour takes about 4 hours to complete.

　　Baiyun ancient cave is the place where Buddhists live, with "patio"; Babaocave is the holy land of Taoism, with "Dijing"; haha cave is the place wherenuns live, with "Renjing". These caves face south in the north, warm in winterand cool in summer. Nature has created good living conditions for humanbeings.

　　Every May, it's sunny and windy, and flowers are in full bloom, but here isstill a glacier, and it doesn't begin to melt until the middle of June. When wetake a picture on the glacier, the picture shows the scene of winter and spring.The sharp contrast can give people a strange imagination.

　　There are many waterfalls in the scenic area. There is water in themountain and the water forms a lake. There are boats in the lake and fish at thebottom of the boat. Visiting Baiyun ancient cave is an opportunity to exercisepeople's courage and perseverance. The journey here is rather dangerous. Pleasebe prepared for climbing. For your safety, if you have guests wearing plasticsoled shoes, sandals and high-heeled shoes, please change into travel shoes orsports shoes.

　　(ticket office - yingkefeng)

　　Baiyun ancient cave used to be a place with beautiful mountains and rivers,towering ancient trees, and birds and animals. No one dares to come here. Later,Haiguang and Hemingway came here to hunt and found a sika deer, so they archedwith a bow. After the deer got the arrow, they ran to the Baiyun ancient cave.The two brothers followed the bloodstain and came to the cave. Suddenly, thedeer disappeared. In front of them, there were seventy-two small Kang beds, eachwith a pile of bones and gold and silver. They were shocked and influenced. Fromthen on, they gave up their hunting life, He decided to build a temple with thegold and silver and become a monk.

　　According to research, in the early Ming Dynasty, when the king of Yanswept the north, the local rich man fled into the mountains for refuge. For fearof exposing the target, they did not dare to use fireworks. After a long time,people became ill, and they were all killed. In this way, gold and silver areleft behind.

　　From Haiguang and Haiming to Wuhe, the thirty first generation monk, Baiyuncave was full of fireworks. "During this period, Wuhe was driven down themountain. From then on, the trees were cut down and the temple was demolishedand turned into ruins. After the reform and opening up, it began to rebuild, andafter ten years of hard work, it gradually restored its original appearance.It's a pity that the old trees have disappeared. It's a pity for Baiyun ancientcave.

　　Now we are about to enter the "fairyland". The peak in front of us iscalled Yingke peak. It looks like a giant hand and welcomes you politely. Whoneeds to take a picture? Please hurry up and take a good picture.

　　(crescent moon)

　　Dear friends, please stand in the position I choose for you. You see, thecliff here is like a blade. The two mountains are crowded together, leaving onlyone crack. When people walk in it, it's hard to see the sun. In the dangerousplace, two mountains, one concave and one convex, form crescent shape, revealinga blue sky. Every noon, the sun and moon shine, quite spectacular. What is thegeological origin of a canyon like the crescent moon? About 110 million yearsago, after the eruption of the volcano, there were many uplifts, compressions,collisions, cracks, and long-term rain erosion, resulting in long or narrowcanyons.

　　(by the ten waterfall pool)

　　This is ten waterfall pool. You will understand that there are nine poolsbehind it. Shibaotan was built in 1992 with a depth of 3 meters. People have tocross the water and the stones go up. The stones are steep and the mosses areslippery. Please pay attention to your safety.

　　(entering Lianyin Village)

　　Attention, everyone. We are entering Lianyin village. This is a passage tothe mountains. This section of road is very narrow, only 2 feet wide. From thenon, fat people have to close their abdomen and thin people have to sideshoulder. You see, the two mountains stand on the wall, as if to embrace, butthey are separated by the gap between the mountains, revealing a line of bluesky, shaped like a crescent moon, also known as "little crescent moon". In thegap between the two mountains, a spring comes, and the spring drops from thestone into the cave, forming a small waterfall. The pool is quiet and clear,which is amazing. There are more than 100 meters of plank plank path in Lianyinvillage. Because of the mountain shelter, not see the sun, shadow, cool long, socalled "Lianyin village".

　　(to shoutaotan)

　　This is shoutaotan. You see, does it look like a big peach? It's said thatonce upon a time, when the queen mother held a flat peach party, the monkey kingmade havoc in the heavenly palace, stole the peach, and the heavenly soldiersand generals chased it here. The monkey king accidentally lost the peach. Afterthe peach was taken away, it became a "peach pond". In order to live a longlife, people put money in the clock to express their wishes. Anyone who wants tovote can have a try. It's going to cross Changshou bridge. Please pay attentionto safety. Longevity bridge is named after shoutaotan. People can live longerwhen they cross the bridge. This longevity bridge and the old pine in front ofit are good places to take pictures. source

　　(into blessing cave)

　　Now we are at the blessing cave. The cave is 15 meters deep, dark and ofdifferent heights. In the dark corner, a statue of God "blessing from heaven" isworshipped. This is a statue I saw on the way. Lucky star is the incarnation ofBigan. People call him God of wealth. (pointing to "stone meat") dear friends,what are these? Do they look like pieces of meat? Yes, this is "stone meat". Itgrows in stone crevice, is a kind of stone, like lean meat but tasteless, cansatisfy hunger, is also a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, scientific name"Yuliangshi."

　　(upper Babao cave)

　　Babao cave is here. Look, there's a yard. It's so elegant. Qingyun templeis built here. It is the place for Longmen Taoist to cultivate themselves.Qingyun temple was built in the Yuan Dynasty. It was rebuilt twice in 1631 andGuangxu 24. It was damaged during the reconstruction period. It was rebuiltafter the reform and opening up. Taoist Xu Zongjie was invited to guard thetemple and receive tourists. Now Xu Dao is 90 years old, and he often practicesmartial arts. His body is light.

　　There are eight treasures in Babao Cave: ground well, stone meat, deer,crane, fish, camellia, Acacia and Ganoderma lucidum.

　　(rest in the pavilion of visiting immortals)

　　Visiting immortal road is the route to Erxian cave. We have to pass the 30meter high "champion ladder" to reach the peak of Erxian cave. On that mountain,the peak is as steep as a sword. On the hillside cliff, there are two naturalcaves, one up and one down, like two suspended portals. In addition, there arecranes roaming here, the wind is clear and the crane is singing, which makespeople feel like immortals, so it is called "Er Xian Dong". There is a "cranecave" near Erxian cave. There is a crane nest in the cave. According toobservation, this group of cranes are gray black, with a white head and tail.They are about one meter high and have wings about 1.5 meters. We call them"seven fairies". When they fly in the air, their posture is very beautiful!

　　(on Xiuzhen Road)

　　Please be careful. We are going to pass the "cultivation of truth". This isa passage between Baiyun ancient cave and Babao cave. Because babaodong Taoistcultivates his nature on the mountain, it is called "the way of cultivatingtruth". Xiuzhen road is made by hand. The stone steps seem to hang on the stonewall, which is very dangerous. The stone steps are divided into two sections.The width of the stone steps is more than one foot. There are 72 levels intotal. It is said that there are 72 changes. Visitors can count the stone stepsone at a time. No one can count how many levels they are. Let's have a try.

　　(on the edge of cloud pool)

　　You can see what a beautiful reservoir it is. It intercepts the deepmountain springs and converges to form the wonder of high mountain and plainlake. People call it "cloud pool". Yunchi covers an area of about 600 squaremeters, with a water depth of 5.5 meters. There are more than 3000 carp in thepond, and the big one weighs 5 kg. The colorful boat in Yunchi is an ideal propfor tourists to take photos. Especially when YINGSHANHONG is open, you can feelthe interest of "walking on both sides of the majestic green mountains in themiddle reaches of the small bamboo river".

　　(sanshandou button)

　　Now we are standing in the center of Baiyun ancient cave group. Please lookup and see that the high mountains and cliffs here are like flying from the sky.The three peaks are together. The mountains are closely linked, and themountains are connected. You can block me and compete with each other, so theyare called "three mountain buckles". This is the fork road to Babao cave,Chaoyang cave and haha cave. Chaoyang cave, the ancient Baiyun cave, is only 460meters away from here.

　　(Baiyun cave gate)

　　The original gate of Baiyun cave, which was rebuilt in 1994, has longdisappeared. The peaks on three sides of Baiyun cave are natural barriers, andthe gate is a passage. The top of the mountain gate is a narrow line of bluesky, and the foot of the mountain gate is a deep valley and flowing spring. Doyou think this mountain gate has the momentum of "one man is in charge of thepass, ten thousand people are not allowed to open it"?

　　(walking on the "18 sets"

　　Dear friends, we are now walking on the "Eighteen plates". From the gate ofBaiyun cave to Baiyun ancient cave, the mountain road is rugged, with a total of18 bends, so it is called "18 plates". Road twists and turns, please slow down.(finger "cactus") dear friends, please look in the direction of my finger, thatis "cactus". You see, does that mountain look like the palm of a man? From adistance, "cactus" seems to stick to the precipice of Qianshan with no gap. Butstanding on the side of Baiyun ancient cave, you will find that the "cactus" iscompletely isolated from the cliff, it stands alone, very strange. (Baiyunancient cave)

　　Dear friends, Baiyun ancient cave is here. Baiyun ancient cave, also knownas Chaoyang cave, is named for its north facing south and its top stone lookslike white clouds. Baiyun cave is 4 meters high, 20 meters wide, 26 meters deep,covering an area of more than 600 square meters, and can accommodate 3000people. It is a cave in the scenic area. It was here that the 72 small Kang wasfound.

　　The well-known Baohua temple is built in the ancient Baiyun cave. In thecenter of the cave, there were six halls, in front of which there was a pavilionin which Maitreya was worshipped. There are three Bodhisattvas on the left andthree emperors on the right. There is a stone village behind the main hall,where the ancestors meditated.

　　Look, the stone crack on the top of the North cave is dripping. That's thepatio. Below is the big pot for water. Whether it's rainy season or dry season,it's dripping. There's a lot of water in the big pot, not much to drink. Somepeople take water as a medicine guide, which is very effective.

　　Deep on the right side of Baiyun cave, there is a cave called bottomlesscave. It is said that there were two women carrying two baskets of candles toexplore the cave, but they never came out. In order to avoid the danger of latergenerations, the monk closed the cave. It's still a mystery what it looks like.Which of us can solve this mystery in the future?

　　Ladies and gentlemen, due to the time constraint, we are here to end ourtour today. Although you haven't visited all the scenic spots, do you feel thatBaiyun ancient cave scenic spot has "the danger of Huashan Mountain, the beautyof Huangshan Mountain and the power of Mount Tai"?

　　Welcome to come again. I wish you all good health. Goodbye!

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇7

　　女士們、先生們：

　　你們好！歡迎大家來(lái)承德避暑山莊觀光游覽。避暑山莊位于承德市區(qū)北部，是我國(guó)現(xiàn)存最大的古典皇家園林。

　　避暑山莊是清代康、乾盛世的象征。作為山莊締造者的康熙、，都曾六下江南，遍歷天下景物之美。在修建避暑山莊時(shí)，博采眾家之長(zhǎng)，融合中國(guó)南北園林風(fēng)格為一體，使避暑山莊成為中國(guó)古典園林藝術(shù)的總結(jié)與升華。我國(guó)園林專家們說(shuō)，整個(gè)避暑山莊就是祖國(guó)錦繡河山的縮影。專家們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)這樣說(shuō)呢？這個(gè)問(wèn)題我想還是請(qǐng)女士們、先生們游覽了避暑山莊之后再來(lái)回答。不過(guò)，我這里先給大家提個(gè)醒，這原因與避暑山莊的地形有關(guān)。（導(dǎo)游員采用懸念法，以激發(fā)游客游覽的興趣）

　　各位，避暑山莊到了，請(qǐng)大家下車，現(xiàn)在我就帶領(lǐng)大家一睹她的風(fēng)采。

　　（在麗正門外）

　　女士們，先生們，我們面前這座古色古香的門，就是避暑山莊的正門，叫麗正門，是清代皇帝進(jìn)出的門。宮門面寬三間，上下兩層。下層辟有三個(gè)方形的門洞，上層有城臺(tái)和闕樓。你們看，中間門洞的上方有一塊石匾，上面是皇帝用滿、藏、漢、蒙、維五種文字題寫的“麗正門”，它象征著我們祖國(guó)是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家。門的兩邊有兩尊石獅，以顯示皇帝的威嚴(yán)。門前有御道廣場(chǎng)，青石鋪路，廣場(chǎng)東西各立一塊石碑，上面用滿、蒙、藏、漢四種文字刻著“官員人等至此下馬”，所以我們又叫它下馬碑。廣場(chǎng)南邊有一道紅色照壁，使這座皇家園林與外界隔開(kāi)。關(guān)于紅照壁，傳說(shuō)里邊藏有從雞冠山飛來(lái)的金雞，在夜深人靜時(shí)，輕叩照壁，金雞就會(huì)發(fā)出嘰嘰的叫聲。如果哪位想考證一下的話，就請(qǐng)夜里到這里來(lái)聽(tīng)一聽(tīng)。好了！今天我請(qǐng)大家當(dāng)一回“皇帝”，進(jìn)去感受一下皇帝的生活。

　　（進(jìn)麗正門內(nèi)）

　　請(qǐng)各位向右看，遠(yuǎn)處的山巒上，有一巨大石柱，擎天而立，直插云端。它上粗下細(xì)，很像洗衣用的棒槌，我們承德人叫它棒槌山，康熙皇帝賜名“磬錘峰”。修建避暑山莊時(shí)，巧借此景，使山莊內(nèi)外渾然一體，擴(kuò)大了空間感，創(chuàng)造了新的意境美，這是山莊設(shè)計(jì)者運(yùn)用“借景”這一造園藝術(shù)的成功典范。一般來(lái)承德的人，都要到山上去摸一下棒槌山，因?yàn)槌械旅耖g流傳這樣一句話：“摸到棒槌山，能活一百三。”如果大家有興趣的話，不妨明天上山摸一摸，一定很有意思的。

　　前面這片宮殿就是清代皇帝在承德“辦公居住”的地方，現(xiàn)在承德人把這里為避暑山莊博物館。

　　（在第一展室里）

　　首先映入我們眼簾的這張圖就是避暑山莊全圖，是清代山莊鼎盛時(shí)期的全貌圖。避暑山莊，又叫“熱河行宮”、“承德離宮”。它從康熙四十二年（1703年）開(kāi)始動(dòng)工興建，至五十七年（1792年）最后落成，歷時(shí)89年。清代前中期的幾位皇帝幾乎每年都來(lái)這里消夏避暑，處理政務(wù)，通常是每年農(nóng)歷四、五月份來(lái)，九、十月份返回北京。避暑山莊實(shí)際上已成為清朝的第二政治中心。整個(gè)山莊占地564萬(wàn)平方米，它的面積大約是北京頤和園的兩倍，北海的8倍。山莊可分為宮殿區(qū)和苑景區(qū)兩部分，宮殿區(qū)由正宮、松鶴齋、萬(wàn)壑松風(fēng)和東宮四組建筑組成。苑景區(qū)又分為山區(qū)、湖區(qū)、平原區(qū)三部分。以山區(qū)面積最廣，約占山莊總面積的70%多。山莊集全國(guó)園林精華于一園，具有南秀北雄的特點(diǎn)。清代山莊內(nèi)共有亭子90座，堤橋29座，碑刻摩崖25處，假山疊石70余組，殿宇、樓堂、寺廟、亭臺(tái)、塔閣等各種建筑120余組，總建筑面積達(dá)10萬(wàn)多平方米。康熙皇帝以4個(gè)字命名的36景和皇帝以3個(gè)字命名的36景最為著名，合稱“避暑山莊72景”�？滴趸实鄯Q贊這里是“自有山川開(kāi)北極，天然風(fēng)景勝西湖�！鄙角f宮墻長(zhǎng)約10公里，因?yàn)樗�形似長(zhǎng)城，我們承德人親切地稱它為“小長(zhǎng)城”。宮墻外是仿全國(guó)各族著名廟宇而修建的皇家寺廟群，這些寺廟呈半圓形環(huán)繞在山莊外圍，形成眾星拱月之勢(shì)，象征著當(dāng)時(shí)全國(guó)各民族緊緊圍繞在清王朝統(tǒng)治中心的周圍。隨著歲月的流逝，朝代的變更，避暑山莊也歷盡了滄桑。新中國(guó)成立后，山莊才得到了新生，現(xiàn)在是全國(guó)保存得最好、規(guī)模最大的皇家園林，是世界文化遺產(chǎn)、是中外馳名的旅游勝地。

　　（來(lái)到第二展室）

　　這里展出的大部分是圖片，這張木蘭秋圖是最引人注目的。木蘭，是滿語(yǔ)哨鹿的意思。哨鹿的方法是黎明前，士兵們潛入山林，身披鹿皮，頭戴鹿角，口吹木哨，模仿公鹿的叫聲。秋天正是鹿求偶分群的季節(jié)，用這種方法將母鹿引出來(lái)以便射殺。是指秋天打獵。這張圖是清代興隆阿所畫(huà)，描繪的是200多年前皇帝打獵的場(chǎng)面。你們也許會(huì)感到奇怪，清朝皇帝為什么要率領(lǐng)大隊(duì)人馬千里迢迢來(lái)這里打獵呢？因?yàn)榍宓廴腙P(guān)以后，歷史上英勇善戰(zhàn)的八旗部隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)斗力開(kāi)始下降，他們有的臨陣脫逃，有的自創(chuàng)傷痕，有時(shí)一人受傷，多人護(hù)送，為的是不上前線�？滴趸实壅J(rèn)識(shí)到，提高士兵素質(zhì)，鞏固北部邊疆已成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。在這種形勢(shì)下，康熙皇帝親自率領(lǐng)八旗將士，出喜峰口，北上巡視，設(shè)置了以習(xí)武綏遠(yuǎn)為目的的木蘭圍場(chǎng)。木蘭圍場(chǎng)的建立，是清朝與蒙、藏民族友好關(guān)系的產(chǎn)物，它密切了蒙、藏地區(qū)與中原地區(qū)的關(guān)系，加強(qiáng)了滿、蒙、藏、漢各族人民之間的交流，鞏固了北部邊防，有利于抵御沙皇俄國(guó)的侵略和擴(kuò)張。一年一度的圍獵每次要進(jìn)行20天左右，皇帝親率政府各部官員及滿、蒙八旗軍隊(duì)參加。為滿足大批人馬食宿休息、儲(chǔ)蓄物品及皇帝處理政務(wù)的需要，從北京至圍場(chǎng)要修建十余座行宮。熱河處于這條北巡路線的中間地帶，從北京到這里，奏章朝發(fā)夕至，而且這里氣候宜人，風(fēng)光秀麗，水草豐盛，所以康熙決定在這里修建一座大的行宮，這就是熱河行宮。對(duì)此，有一句話講得十分清楚：“我皇祖建此山莊于塞外，非為一己之豫游，蓋貽萬(wàn)世之締構(gòu)也”。歷史表明，秋大典和避暑山莊的建立，達(dá)到了康熙皇帝“合內(nèi)外之心，成鞏固之業(yè)”的政治目的�，F(xiàn)在我們?cè)賮?lái)看這張圖，它可分為兩部分，一是御營(yíng)，二是獵場(chǎng)。御營(yíng)是皇帝居住和處理朝政的地方；獵場(chǎng)是實(shí)際打獵的地方。打獵時(shí)都有嚴(yán)明的組織和紀(jì)律，偽裝成鹿的士兵把鹿引出來(lái)后，軍士們逐步縮小包圍圈，達(dá)到人并肩、馬并耳的程度，但不能隨便射殺。這時(shí)皇帝首先出來(lái)射第一箭，然后才是王公大臣、將士們依次射殺。圖上畫(huà)的是獵殺鹿的情景。請(qǐng)大家跟我向前走。

　　這第二道門叫“閱射門”，是皇帝觀看皇子皇孫射箭比賽的地方。門的上方懸有一塊匾，上面寫著“暑山莊”四個(gè)鎦金大字，是康熙皇帝的御筆，此匾精美絕倫，分外醒目。也許你們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這避暑山莊的“避”字多寫了一橫，是康熙皇帝寫錯(cuò)了，還是另有原因呢？還是這位先生（小姐）說(shuō)對(duì)了，原來(lái)在清代兩個(gè)“避”字同時(shí)使用，無(wú)論用哪一種寫法都是正確的，這是一種異體字現(xiàn)象。在這里康熙皇帝是為了追求書(shū)法美才這樣寫的。

　　門前兩側(cè)這兩個(gè)銅獅，威風(fēng)凜凜。說(shuō)起這兩個(gè)銅獅，還有一段動(dòng)人的傳說(shuō)呢！相傳在中國(guó)抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，日本侵略軍侵占了承德并大肆搶劫。有一天一群日本兵發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)銅獅子很漂亮，是無(wú)價(jià)之寶，就想搶走，可是銅獅子太重，他們搬也搬不動(dòng)，于是就分頭去找工具。這一切讓護(hù)院的老人看在眼里，痛在心上。他想銅獅子是國(guó)家的財(cái)寶，決不能讓日本兵搶走。他靈機(jī)一動(dòng)，立即從村里找來(lái)豬血，涂在獅子的眼睛上，等日本兵找到工具回來(lái)后發(fā)現(xiàn)獅子的眼睛紅紅的，都哭出了血，個(gè)個(gè)嚇得目瞪口呆，害怕搬動(dòng)獅子會(huì)給他們帶來(lái)厄運(yùn)，便慌里慌張地逃走了，這對(duì)國(guó)寶才得以保留至今。現(xiàn)在這對(duì)銅獅成了人們心目中的吉祥物。如果大家想萬(wàn)事如意的話，千萬(wàn)別忘了摸摸它。

　　（來(lái)到澹泊敬誠(chéng)殿前）

　　這個(gè)面闊七間，進(jìn)深三重的大殿叫“澹泊敬誠(chéng)”殿�！板２础倍�字來(lái)自于《易經(jīng)》：“不煩不擾，澹泊不失”，諸葛亮在其《戒子書(shū)》中又說(shuō)，“非澹泊無(wú)以明志，非寧?kù)o無(wú)以致遠(yuǎn)”�？滴趸实垲}“澹泊敬誠(chéng)”這四個(gè)字，含蓄地表達(dá)了他“居安思危，崇尚節(jié)儉”的思想。這個(gè)殿是避暑山莊的主殿，是清代皇帝在山莊居住時(shí)處理朝政和舉行盛大慶典的地方。整個(gè)大殿用珍貴的楠木建造，因此又叫“楠木殿”。每當(dāng)陰雨連綿之時(shí)，楠木散發(fā)著縷縷清香，沁人心脾。楠木產(chǎn)自云貴和江浙一帶的深山峽谷之中，在沒(méi)有先進(jìn)運(yùn)輸工具的清代，將這些笨重的木材從遙遠(yuǎn)的南方運(yùn)到塞北，大都裝船河運(yùn)或利用河水結(jié)冰和在旱路上潑水結(jié)冰的冬季，將木材放在冰上，依靠人力又拉又推，運(yùn)到承德，其艱難是不言而喻的。據(jù)史料記載，為了修建這座楠木殿，耗費(fèi)白銀7.2萬(wàn)兩，用工19萬(wàn)個(gè)。大殿外觀古樸淡雅，不飾彩繪，殿內(nèi)大理石鋪地，正中地坪上設(shè)有皇帝的寶座。寶座周圍設(shè)有寶象、端、仙鶴、香亭、如意等，精雕細(xì)刻，造型十分優(yōu)美。寶座的'后面有一個(gè)紫檀木屏風(fēng)，上面刻有163個(gè)人物，形態(tài)逼真，栩栩如生，為“農(nóng)家耕織長(zhǎng)樂(lè)圖”，以表示皇帝臨朝時(shí)刻不忘百姓。在清代這個(gè)殿的東西山墻上掛著“皇輿全圖”，就是清代的地圖，是清政府派專人測(cè)繪的。殿內(nèi)北墻兩側(cè)墻壁上裝有楠木書(shū)格，貯放著《古今圖書(shū)集成》1萬(wàn)卷。你們可能會(huì)問(wèn)：澹泊敬誠(chéng)殿是舉行盛大慶典的地方，那么當(dāng)年是怎么一番盛況呢？那就要從松鶴齋南面的鐘樓說(shuō)起。當(dāng)宣布慶祝大典或覲見(jiàn)開(kāi)始，司鐘人立即登上鐘樓敲鐘，鐘響9下之后，山莊內(nèi)各廟宇的鐘聲齊鳴，緊接著外八廟的鐘聲也相繼應(yīng)和。各種鐘皆鳴81聲。大殿前東西相對(duì)的兩個(gè)樂(lè)亭里宮廷樂(lè)師們開(kāi)始奏樂(lè)，在八音和諧、簫鼓齊鳴之下，文武百官就位，皇帝端莊肅穆，面南巍坐，開(kāi)始處理朝政了。我想，你們的腦海里也許已經(jīng)浮現(xiàn)出這一壯觀的場(chǎng)面了吧？

　　皇帝還在澹泊敬誠(chéng)殿接見(jiàn)少數(shù)民族的首領(lǐng)。十九年（1754年）接見(jiàn)過(guò)厄魯特蒙古杜爾伯特部三策凌；三十六年（1771年）秋，接見(jiàn)過(guò)不遠(yuǎn)萬(wàn)里從伏爾加河流域回歸祖國(guó)的土爾扈特汗渥巴錫一行；四十五年（1780年）農(nóng)歷七月廿一日，接見(jiàn)了西藏政教首領(lǐng)六世班禪額爾德尼。說(shuō)到班禪話就長(zhǎng)了，據(jù)史料記載，在接見(jiàn)儀式上，班禪先獻(xiàn)吉祥哈達(dá)，跪請(qǐng)圣安。離開(kāi)寶座親手扶起，操藏語(yǔ)問(wèn)佛安：“長(zhǎng)途跋涉，必感辛勞�！卑喽U答：“遠(yuǎn)叨圣恩，一路平安。”在過(guò)去，見(jiàn)皇帝，只跪不拜，這次班禪則要求行跪拜禮，以表示敬重皇帝，擁護(hù)王朝，對(duì)此頗為滿意。八月十三日，清廷為皇帝70歲壽辰舉行盛大慶典時(shí)，給予班禪最高規(guī)格的待遇，二人攜手同登寶座，共同接受蒙古王公、各扈從大臣及外國(guó)使節(jié)的祝賀，隨從班禪的三大寺堪布及蒙古章嘉國(guó)師唱贊無(wú)量壽經(jīng)。慶典之后，為班禪舉行四次大型野宴。宴會(huì)中伴有相撲、雜技、賽馬、煙火、音樂(lè)、舞蹈等文體節(jié)目，豐富多采，驚險(xiǎn)動(dòng)人。六世班禪東行承德，密切了西藏與清中央政府的關(guān)系，遏制了英國(guó)東印度公司對(duì)西藏的滲透分裂活動(dòng)。回顧歷史，在澹泊敬誠(chéng)殿這個(gè)政治舞臺(tái)上，曾演出過(guò)一幕幕對(duì)清王朝一統(tǒng)江山有重大影響的活劇，譜寫了一曲曲民族團(tuán)結(jié)的頌歌。

　　請(qǐng)各位繞過(guò)回廊，展現(xiàn)在我們面前的就是面闊五楹的四知書(shū)屋。楹，堂屋前部的柱子。面闊五楹就是面寬五間的意思。什么是“四知”呢？皇帝可不是指漢朝楊震所說(shuō)的：做官要廉潔，不可貪臟枉法，辦事再機(jī)密也瞞不過(guò)去，因?yàn)橛小疤熘�、地知、你知、我知”�；实鬯�題的“四知”一語(yǔ)出于《易經(jīng)》。因《易經(jīng)》中說(shuō)“君子知微、知彰、知柔、知?jiǎng)偅�萬(wàn)夫之望�！被实蹖�(duì)此話十分贊賞，因?yàn)榍『帽磉_(dá)了他剛?cè)嵯酀?jì)、恩威并施的統(tǒng)治策略�；实凵铣�前后，在這里更衣，有時(shí)也在此召見(jiàn)王公大臣和少數(shù)民族首領(lǐng)。萬(wàn)歲照房和配房現(xiàn)在展出的是御用官窯瓷器、琺瑯器、帝后車輿和石鼓，請(qǐng)各位仔細(xì)欣賞這些稀世珍品，一定會(huì)讓您大飽眼福的。

　　（向北行至煙波致爽殿院內(nèi)）

　　這里是宮殿區(qū)的后半部分，叫“后寢”，是帝后和嬪妃們居住的地方。北殿為煙波致爽殿。康熙皇帝說(shuō)這里“四圍秀嶺，十里平湖，致有爽氣”，所以才題了這個(gè)殿名。明間陳設(shè)考究，富麗堂皇；西暖閣是皇帝的寢宮。所謂暖閣，就是在地面以下設(shè)有火道，冬季將紅羅炭點(diǎn)燃，熱氣上達(dá)，滿屋皆暖。同時(shí)屋里還放有火爐和薰籠，皇帝腳下設(shè)腳爐�？滴�、嘉慶、咸豐等皇帝都曾在這里居住過(guò)。室內(nèi)靠北墻，紫檀落地罩內(nèi)是皇帝的臥床，咸豐十一年（1861年），咸豐皇帝就病歿在這張床上。我們現(xiàn)在參觀的這個(gè)酷似民居的小院，在清代卻發(fā)生過(guò)一系列重大歷史事件。1860年，英法聯(lián)軍進(jìn)攻北京，農(nóng)歷八月初八，咸豐皇帝害怕洋人，攜太后和慈安、慈禧兩個(gè)皇后逃到熱河來(lái)避難。也就是在這里，咸豐皇帝簽準(zhǔn)了清政府分別與英、法、俄三國(guó)簽訂的喪權(quán)辱國(guó)的《北京條約》，并承認(rèn)《中俄璦琿條約》有效，使我國(guó)失去了大片領(lǐng)土和主權(quán)。咸豐死后，慈禧在這里策劃了辛酉政變，開(kāi)始垂簾聽(tīng)政，統(tǒng)治清朝長(zhǎng)達(dá)48年之久，把中國(guó)進(jìn)一步推向苦難的深淵。

　　煙波致爽殿兩側(cè)有兩個(gè)跨院。東邊的叫東所，咸豐在承德時(shí)是慈安皇后的住所，現(xiàn)在展出的是清代宮廷鐘表。西邊的叫西所，咸豐在承德時(shí)是慈禧的住所，現(xiàn)在展出的是慈禧當(dāng)年的一些生活用品和照片。

　　云山勝地樓為正宮最后一進(jìn)。這是一座玲瓏別致的兩層樓房，這個(gè)樓的特點(diǎn)內(nèi)沒(méi)有樓梯，而是沿樓前假山上的蹬道上樓。兩側(cè)朝房是宮廷掛屏和玻璃皿專題展覽，光采奪目，讓我們百看不厭。

　　（萬(wàn)壑松風(fēng)橋至如意洲）

　　看完了正宮博物館，我們現(xiàn)在來(lái)到了湖區(qū)，“山莊以山名，而勝趣實(shí)在水”區(qū)面積為57公頃，現(xiàn)在有七湖八島。整個(gè)湖區(qū)一泓清水，洲島錯(cuò)落，一派江南水鄉(xiāng)秀色。你們看，右邊湖上的三座亭子叫“水心榭”，屹立在石橋之上，結(jié)構(gòu)勻稱，明快輕盈。前面的這條長(zhǎng)堤將左邊的環(huán)碧、中間的如意洲和右邊的月色江聲連接起來(lái)，從高處看，這一堤三島形狀如靈芝，所以康熙皇帝給它起的名字叫芝徑云堤。環(huán)碧島上建有東、西相鄰的兩個(gè)庭院，各有殿三楹，名字是“澄光室”和“環(huán)碧”。在環(huán)碧殿以北，臨近湖邊的地方，有座草亭，形似斗笠�？滴跄觊g，每逢農(nóng)歷七月十五日中元節(jié)時(shí)，常在這里舉行盂蘭盆會(huì)。月色江聲島上有康熙題名的門殿“月色江聲”。每當(dāng)月上東山之時(shí)，遠(yuǎn)山如黛，近水鳴吟，詩(shī)請(qǐng)畫(huà)意，真是美極了！門殿以北有“靜寄山房”、“瑩心堂”等多組建筑，康熙、皇帝都曾經(jīng)在這里讀書(shū)。

　　請(qǐng)大家跟我沿芝徑云堤北行，右前方隔湖相望的是金山島。石島在湖水環(huán)抱之中，意境與江蘇鎮(zhèn)江的金山很相似。島上主體建筑“上帝閣”，是清代皇帝祭祀真武大帝和玉皇大帝的地方。山上平臺(tái)建有兩座殿堂。此外，還有月牙形的“芳洲亭”、“爬山廊”等建筑，當(dāng)年皇帝乘龍舟就在這里登岸。

　　我們來(lái)到了湖區(qū)最大的島嶼──如意洲島。島上建筑很多，康乾七十二景中有十景在這里。主體建筑是一座宮殿。門殿的名字是“無(wú)暑清涼”，正殿為“延薰山館”，面寬七楹，建筑宏偉，殿后有“水芳巖秀”殿。正宮落成前，這里是康熙皇帝處理朝政和居住的地方�，F(xiàn)在這里展出的是清宮用品。島的西北處是著名的園中之園──滄浪嶼，是仿蘇州“滄浪亭”而建的。雖面積不大，但殿堂、水閣、清泉、小亭、回廊巧妙地組織在一起，相互因借，恰到好處，令人流連忘返。電影《知音》的第一組鏡頭就是在這里拍攝的。（跨過(guò)曲橋登上青蓮島）

　　女士們，先生們，迎面這座玲瓏秀麗的建筑，叫煙雨樓。這是一座面寬五楹、上下兩層的小樓，樓的上下還有圍廊。二樓上的云龍金匾是皇帝題寫的。煙雨樓與門殿之間是一個(gè)規(guī)整的方院，幾棵古松蒼勁挺拔。月臺(tái)下兩座石須彌座上有銅鹿一對(duì)。煙雨樓是仿浙江嘉興的煙雨樓而建的。每當(dāng)陰雨時(shí)節(jié)，細(xì)雨蒙蒙，登樓遠(yuǎn)眺，只見(jiàn)遠(yuǎn)山近水，盡在輕紗薄霧籠罩之中，如入仙境。樓東有“青陽(yáng)書(shū)屋”，是皇帝習(xí)文讀書(shū)的地方；樓西南有“對(duì)山齋”，面對(duì)著假山。山上建有六角形涼亭，名字叫翼亭。

　　（沿澄湖北岸經(jīng)“水流云在”、“鶯囀喬木”諸亭東行）

　　我們現(xiàn)在到達(dá)的地方就是聞名遐爾的熱河泉。泉邊上這塊石碑，寫著“熱河”兩個(gè)大字。因?yàn)槿�水溫�(zé)幔�又有上游的溫泉水匯入，所以冬天也不結(jié)冰。尤其是周圍白雪皚皚時(shí)，這里的湖面卻熱氣蒸騰，實(shí)為奇觀。

　　（進(jìn)入避暑山莊平原區(qū)）

　　我們眼前這片開(kāi)闊的平原，面積有千余畝，是由“萬(wàn)樹(shù)園”和“試馬埭”兩部分組成的。萬(wàn)樹(shù)園地勢(shì)平坦，林木蒼郁，馴鹿野兔出沒(méi)期間，是塞外難得的草原風(fēng)光。試馬埭位于萬(wàn)樹(shù)園西側(cè)，綠草如茵，馳道如弦，是清代皇帝赴木蘭圍場(chǎng)舉行“秋大典”之前，選拔駿馬的地方。

　　（來(lái)到萬(wàn)樹(shù)園以西的文津閣）

　　各位看到的這座秀麗的古建筑就是清代著名的藏書(shū)樓──文津閣。津，是水的渡口。文津，是文化知識(shí)的渡口。如欲求得知識(shí)，便需自此問(wèn)津的意思。它和北京紫禁城內(nèi)的文淵閣、圓明園的文源閣、沈陽(yáng)故宮的文溯閣合稱“內(nèi)廷四閣”。這組建筑坐北朝南，門殿、假山、水池、樓閣相繼排列。主體建筑文津閣處于山環(huán)水抱之中，上下各六間，是仿浙江寧波天一閣而建。從外觀上看，它是兩層，里邊實(shí)際是三層，中間一層為暗層，陽(yáng)光不能直接射入，以便更好地保護(hù)圖書(shū)。閣內(nèi)曾藏有巨著《古今圖書(shū)集成》和《四庫(kù)全書(shū)》各一部。

　　（來(lái)到閣前水池邊）

　　請(qǐng)大家站在我身邊，順著我手指的方向看，瞧！池中一彎新月，在水中輕輕抖動(dòng)。這是天上月亮的倒影嗎？不是，天上正是麗日當(dāng)空。是我們眼睛的錯(cuò)覺(jué)嗎？更不是，我們看得這樣真真切切。這就是堪稱承德一絕的“日月同輝”奇觀。究竟是怎么回事呢？請(qǐng)各位到前面的假山中自己去尋找答案。（此時(shí)導(dǎo)游員給游客留出幾分鐘時(shí)間去尋找。）大家請(qǐng)注意，這位先生（小姐）是最先找到答案的！原來(lái)這是利用光的反射原理，透過(guò)山洞南壁的月牙形缺口，在水中倒映出的影子。

　　（帶游客到榛子峪口）

　　我市的旅游、文物部門聯(lián)合推出的“乘車環(huán)山游”這一旅游項(xiàng)目，既安全，又方便。現(xiàn)在我們就乘汽車到山區(qū)看看。位于山莊西北部的山區(qū)約占避暑山莊總面積的五分之四，如果步行的話，大概一天也游不完的。

　　（導(dǎo)游員請(qǐng)游客上車）

　　你們看，這里峰巒起伏，松濤陣陣。自南而北依次有榛子峪、西峪、松林峪、梨樹(shù)峪、松云峽5條溝峪，情趣各不相同。我們現(xiàn)在游覽的這條溝就是榛子峪。榛子峪、西峪松林遍谷，間或有榛叢、櫟樹(shù)；梨樹(shù)峪景色很美，春天梨花萬(wàn)樹(shù)，芳香撲鼻，秋天果實(shí)滿枝頭；松云峽古松參天，莽莽蒼蒼。清代曾在這里依山就勢(shì)構(gòu)筑了40多組風(fēng)格不同的園林、寺廟、碑碣建筑。因年代久遠(yuǎn)，大部分已自然坍塌。這里特別讓我們痛惜的是位于西湖以西山坡上的珠源寺。寺內(nèi)建有兩層高的佛閣，名叫“宗鏡閣”，它內(nèi)外均用銅鑄，制作精良，雕刻巧妙，而且可以自由裝卸，里邊供奉的釋迦牟尼等佛像也為銅鑄，所以俗稱“銅殿”。但現(xiàn)在僅存有基址，它并非毀于自然。這是為什么呢？原來(lái)，抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，日本鬼子侵入承德，搶走好多珍寶文物，并拆毀了宗鏡閣，除三塊銅匾幸存下來(lái)以外，其余全被日本侵略軍運(yùn)往日本。今日的宗鏡閣遺址，如同北京圓明園遺址一樣，成了我們進(jìn)行愛(ài)國(guó)主義教育的好課堂。（汽車在四面云山亭附近停下來(lái)，導(dǎo)游員帶領(lǐng)游客登上四面云山亭）

　　各位現(xiàn)在登上的這個(gè)亭子叫四面云山亭。它是山區(qū)的最高點(diǎn)。亭中長(zhǎng)風(fēng)四達(dá)，雖是盛夏，也涼爽如秋�；实勖縼�(lái)山莊，必到此一游，并觸景生情，寫詩(shī)多首。其中兩句是“絕頂平臨北斗齊，座中惟覺(jué)眾山低�！苯裉旄魑豢吹降谋然实劭吹眠�要豐富，不僅可以欣賞到皇帝當(dāng)年欣賞的自然風(fēng)光，而且還可以遠(yuǎn)眺承德市區(qū)新貌！

　　（汽車來(lái)到西北門，導(dǎo)游員帶領(lǐng)大家登上宮墻）

　　中國(guó)有句名言：“不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢”。現(xiàn)在我們大家已經(jīng)登上了承德的小長(zhǎng)城──山莊宮墻。它依山就勢(shì)，蜿蜒起伏。各位在宮墻上漫步，南可望雄奇秀麗的山莊，北可望金碧輝煌的外八廟。你們看，這座廟就是酷似西藏布達(dá)拉宮的普陀宗乘之廟，那座是六世班禪的行宮──須彌福壽之廟，距我們稍遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的那座廟叫普寧寺，那里供有世界最高木雕佛像──千手千眼觀世音菩薩。明天我將帶領(lǐng)大家去參觀這些寺廟�，F(xiàn)在帶照像機(jī)的朋友，可以在這里多照幾張像，不然，你們是會(huì)后悔的喲�。ㄆ�車經(jīng)“青楓綠嶼”下山，環(huán)山游結(jié)束）

　　穿過(guò)這片地勢(shì)平坦的草原，前邊這座高聳入云的塔叫舍利塔，是仿杭州的六和塔和南京的報(bào)恩寺塔而建的。塔身為九層八面，高67米，我們承德人叫它“六和塔”。一層南北兩面各有石八券門，進(jìn)門沿盤旋而上的臺(tái)階可登到塔頂。塔內(nèi)供有佛教雕像。在山莊居住時(shí)，有時(shí)清晨登塔禮佛。巍巍寶塔配以綠色的原野，氣勢(shì)宏偉，格外引人注目。

　　這里是蒙古包度假村。如果從遠(yuǎn)處看，這一座座潔白的蒙古包好像一群白天鵝降落在綠茸茸的草地上。清代這里也曾建有蒙古包，康熙、皇帝曾在這里的御幄蒙古包歡迎和宴請(qǐng)少數(shù)民族首領(lǐng)和外國(guó)使節(jié)。這里向大家介紹一次著名的接見(jiàn)活動(dòng)：五十七年（1792年）9月29日，英王喬治二世派出以馬戈?duì)柲釀拙魹樘厥埂⑺巩?dāng)東為副使，由100余人組成的外交使團(tuán)，乘坐“獅子號(hào)”軍艦，從樸次茅斯港出發(fā)，直航天津，這是“大英帝國(guó)”派往中國(guó)的第一個(gè)正式訪華使團(tuán)。五十八年（1793年）7月26日，使團(tuán)船隊(duì)抵達(dá)天津，經(jīng)北京于9月8日到達(dá)熱河。對(duì)英使來(lái)訪很重視，決定在熱河行宮進(jìn)行接見(jiàn)。9月14日，就是在這里的御幄蒙古包，馬戈?duì)柲崽厥乖谌珯?quán)公使、中國(guó)翻譯和見(jiàn)習(xí)童子的陪同下，由禮部尚書(shū)引領(lǐng)到皇帝御座旁，拾級(jí)而上，單腿下跪致詞后，呈交了英王給皇帝的信件和禮品。大家可知道，這個(gè)并不復(fù)雜的謁見(jiàn)禮儀，還是中英雙方磋商了好幾天才定下來(lái)的呢！向馬戈?duì)柲崽厥够刭?zèng)了玉如意等禮品，并讓他們同扈從王公大臣、蒙古王公臺(tái)吉一同參加宴會(huì)，親自給英使賜酒，賞觀雜技、戲劇、拳術(shù)等文藝節(jié)目。9月17日（陰歷八月十三），清廷在山莊舉行盛大的閱兵典禮，慶祝83歲壽辰，馬戈?duì)柲嵊智皝?lái)避暑山莊給皇帝祝壽，晚上在萬(wàn)樹(shù)園觀看了盛大的焰火晚會(huì)。英王在信中提出派使臣常駐北京等一系列要求�；氐奖本┖�，和坤將在避暑山莊寫好的《賜英吉利國(guó)王敕書(shū)》交給了馬戈?duì)柲帷?0月7日英使帶著回贈(zèng)英王的禮物回國(guó)。馬戈?duì)柲嵯Ｍ�通過(guò)與清王朝最高當(dāng)局直接談判，打開(kāi)中國(guó)大門，開(kāi)拓東方貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)的構(gòu)想沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)。清朝在辦理交涉過(guò)程中維護(hù)了王朝國(guó)威和尊嚴(yán)。但英國(guó)使團(tuán)在幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間里對(duì)中國(guó)政治、軍事、經(jīng)濟(jì)情況有了一個(gè)直觀的了解，搜集了大量軍政資料。馬戈?duì)柲岬闹袊?guó)之行為yapian戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)作了理論上的準(zhǔn)備，所以1840年英國(guó)人率先用洋槍洋炮打開(kāi)了中國(guó)的大門，從此中國(guó)開(kāi)始了半封建、半殖地的社會(huì)。

　　請(qǐng)大家隨我從蒙古包度假村南行，經(jīng)萬(wàn)樹(shù)園門出山莊。

　　（回到汽車上）

　　題：我國(guó)園林專家們?yōu)槭裁凑f(shuō)避暑山莊就是祖國(guó)錦繡河山的縮影？在回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題之前，請(qǐng)大家先說(shuō)說(shuō)避暑山莊的地形。太好了！這位先生說(shuō)對(duì)了！那位小姐也說(shuō)對(duì)了！今天大家游覽時(shí)已經(jīng)看到，避暑山莊的地形是東南部地勢(shì)較低，景色秀麗，如同江南；東北部地勢(shì)平坦，芳草如茵，一派草原風(fēng)光；西北部則地勢(shì)高敞，溝壑縱橫。這一切雖然是“自然天成地就勢(shì)”，卻好像人工雕琢了一般，竟如此巧妙地和我們偉大祖國(guó)的地形相吻合，況且全國(guó)各地的許多勝景還被神奇般地集中在山莊，因此連園林專家們也都發(fā)出了由衷的贊嘆：避暑山莊就是祖國(guó)錦繡河山的縮影。

　　現(xiàn)在讓我們?cè)賮?lái)看看避暑山莊在我國(guó)歷史、文化和園林藝術(shù)方面的地位和作用吧！

　　在我國(guó)歷史上，避暑山莊是清朝前期統(tǒng)一多民族國(guó)家鞏固和發(fā)展的歷史見(jiàn)證。康乾盛世時(shí)期，皇帝每年約有半年左右的時(shí)間，住在避暑山莊，處理朝政。從避暑山莊豐富的歷史內(nèi)涵來(lái)說(shuō)，它又是一座民族和宗教的歷史博物館，是一部用特殊資料編寫的清朝歷史。從文化價(jià)值來(lái)說(shuō)，避暑山莊是康乾盛世的產(chǎn)物。山莊內(nèi)各種類型的建筑，突出表現(xiàn)了多民族聯(lián)合、宇內(nèi)大一統(tǒng)的思想。在山莊里，漢族文化和一些少數(shù)民族文化，既表現(xiàn)出各自的特點(diǎn)，又吸收了其它文化的精華，呈現(xiàn)出絢麗多姿又融為一體的景觀，真實(shí)地再現(xiàn)了中華文化多元的特點(diǎn)，顯示出避暑山莊在清代處于多民族文化的中心地位�，F(xiàn)在，承德已經(jīng)邁步走向世界，避暑山莊和周圍寺廟群不僅屬于中國(guó)，它已經(jīng)成為全人類共同的文化遺產(chǎn)。聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織的專家稱贊避暑山莊這座優(yōu)秀皇家園林是“集東方哲學(xué)思想之大成”。

　　從園林藝術(shù)角度看，康熙在建造避暑山莊時(shí)，根據(jù)“物盡天然之趣，不煩人事之工”的原則，充分利用山莊內(nèi)山巒、溪流、湖泊、平原等自然條件，因地制宜地修筑亭臺(tái)樓閣，盡量保留大自然的山林野趣。宮殿區(qū)的建筑雖然嚴(yán)格恪守“天子身居九重”之制，但卻具有北方四合院樸素簡(jiǎn)潔的特色，不用黃琉璃瓦，代以灰瓦蓋頂青磚砌墻，使宮殿區(qū)的建筑與整個(gè)山莊的建筑風(fēng)格相一致，顯得既古樸，又淡雅。可以說(shuō)，避暑山莊是我國(guó)最富有藝術(shù)特色的皇家園林，它集中了歷代造園藝術(shù)的精華，形成了獨(dú)特的民族風(fēng)格，具有高度的藝術(shù)成就，不愧是中國(guó)古典園林的一顆燦爛明珠，是世界園林實(shí)例中的奇跡，是我們中華民族的驕傲。

　　女士們、先生們，避暑山莊嶄新的風(fēng)姿，正在越來(lái)越引起國(guó)內(nèi)外的矚目。從事歷史、文物、考古、地理、美學(xué)、宗教、園林、建筑等方面研究的專家、學(xué)者一致認(rèn)為，避暑山莊不僅是一座大型的露天博物館，而且是一門博大精深的綜合性科學(xué)。因?yàn)闀r(shí)間所限，今天的參觀暫告一個(gè)段落。希望大家有機(jī)會(huì)多來(lái)承德，我再陪同各位細(xì)細(xì)欣賞它，品味它，研究它。

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇8

　　Ladies and gentlemen

　　Hello! Welcome to Chengde summer resort. Located in the north of ChengdeCity, the summer resort is an existing classical Royal Garden in China.

　　The summer resort is a symbol of the heyday of Kangxi and Qianlong in QingDynasty. As the founders of the villa, Kangxi and Qianlong visited the south ofthe Yangtze River for six times, traversing the beauty of the scenery in theworld. In the construction of the summer resort, the advantages of many familieswere learned, and the style of Chinese north and south gardens was integrated,so that the summer resort became the summary and sublimation of Chineseclassical garden art. Chinese garden experts say that the whole summer resort isthe epitome of the beautiful rivers and mountains of the motherland. Why doexperts say that? I think ladies and gentlemen will answer this question aftervisiting the summer resort. However, I would like to remind you that the reasonis related to the topography of the summer resort. (the tour guide adoptssuspense method to stimulate tourists' interest in sightseeing)

　　Ladies and gentlemen, the summer resort is here. Please get out of the car.Now I'll show you her style.

　　(outside Lizheng gate)

　　Ladies and gentlemen, the antique door in front of us is the main door ofthe summer resort, which is called the Li main door. It is the entrance of theQing emperor. The palace gate is three rooms wide, with two floors up and down.There are three square door openings in the lower layer, and a city platform anda que tower in the upper layer. You see, there is a stone plaque on the top ofthe middle door. On it is the "Lizhengmen" inscribed by Emperor Qianlong inManchu, Tibetan, Han, Uygur and Mongolian. It symbolizes that our motherland isa unified multi-ethnic country.

　　There are two stone lions on both sides of the door to show the majesty ofthe emperor. There is Yudao square in front of the gate. The road is paved withblue stones. There are stone tablets in the East and west of the square, onwhich are engraved in Manchu, Mongolian, Tibetan and Chinese characters:"officials wait to dismount here", so we call it dismount tablet. There is a redscreen wall to the south of the square, separating the Royal Garden from theoutside world. It is said that there is a golden rooster flying from Jiguanmountain in Hongzhaobi. In the dead of night, if you tap Zhaobi, the GoldenRooster will chirp. If you want to make a textual research, please come here atnight to listen. OK! Today, I invite you to be the "emperor" and go in and feelthe life of the emperor.

　　(inside the main entrance of Li)

　　Please look to the right. On the mountain in the distance, there is a hugestone pillar standing up from the sky, straight into the clouds. It is thick onthe top and thin on the bottom, which is very similar to the hammer used forwashing clothes. We Chengde people call it Bangchui mountain, and Emperor Kangxinamed it "qingchufeng". During the construction of the summer resort, this sceneis skillfully used to integrate the inside and outside of the resort, expand thesense of space, and create a new artistic conception. This is a successfulexample for the designer of the resort to use the garden art of "borrowingscenery". People who come to Chengde usually go to the mountain to touchBangchui mountain, because there is a popular saying in Chengde: "if you touchBangchui mountain, you can live one hundred and three years." If you areinterested, you may as well go up the mountain tomorrow to have a touch. It mustbe very interesting.

　　The palace in front is the place where the Qing emperor "worked and lived"in Chengde. Now Chengde people call it the summer resort Museum.

　　(in the exhibition room)

　　The first picture that comes to our eyes is the complete picture of thesummer resort, which is the full picture of the peak period of the Qing Dynasty.Summer resort, also known as "Rehe Palace", "Chengde Palace". It startedconstruction in 1703, the 42nd year of Emperor Kangxi, and was completed in1792, the 57th year of Emperor Qianlong. In the early and middle Qing Dynasty,several emperors came here almost every year to spend the summer and deal withgovernment affairs, usually in April and may of the lunar calendar, and returnedto Beijing in September and October. In fact, the summer resort has become thesecond political center of the Qing Dynasty. The whole villa covers an area of5.64 million square meters, which is about twice the size of the summer palacein Beijing and eight times the size of Beihai. The villa can be divided intopalace area and garden scenic area. The palace area is composed of four groupsof buildings: the main palace, songhezhai, Wanhe SONGFENG and Donggong. Gardenscenic area is divided into mountain area, Lake area and plain area. Themountain area is wide, accounting for more than 70% of the total area of thevilla. The villa is the essence of the national garden, with the characteristicsof Nan Xiu Bei Xia. There are 90 pavilions, 29 dykes and bridges, 25inscriptions on cliffs, more than 70 groups of rockeries and stones, more than120 groups of buildings such as temples, halls, temples, pavilions, towers andpavilions, with a total construction area of more than 100000 square meters.

　　The 36 scenes named after four words by Emperor Kangxi and the 36 scenesnamed after three words by Emperor Qianlong are known as "72 scenes of summerresort". Emperor Kangxi praised it as "the north pole with its own mountains andrivers, and the natural scenery is better than the West Lake." The palace wallof the villa is about 10 kilometers long. Because it looks like the Great Wall,we Chengde people affectionately call it "little Great Wall". Outside the palacewalls are the Royal temples built in imitation of the famous temples of allethnic groups in China. These temples are semicircular around the periphery ofthe villa, forming the trend of the stars and the moon, symbolizing that allethnic groups in the country were closely around the ruling center of the QingDynasty at that time. With the passage of time and the change of dynasties, thesummer resort has gone through many vicissitudes. After the founding of newChina, the villa has been reborn. Now it is a well preserved and large-scaleRoyal Garden in China, a world cultural heritage and a famous tourist attractionat home and abroad.

　　(coming to the second exhibition room)

　　Most of the pictures on display here are pictures. This picture of autumnMulan is eye-catching. Mulan, which means sentinel deer in Manchu. The way towhistle deer is that before dawn, soldiers sneak into the mountain forest,wearing deerskin and antlers, whistling at the mouth to imitate the call of amale deer. Autumn is the season for deer to mate and group. In this way, thefemale deer can be drawn out for shooting. "Means hunting in autumn. Thispicture is painted by Xinglong a in Qing Dynasty. It depicts the hunting sceneof the emperor more than 200 years ago. You may wonder why the emperor of theQing Dynasty led a large group of people to hunt here for thousands of miles.Because after the emperor of the Qing Dynasty entered the pass, the fightingcapacity of the Eight Banners who were brave and good at fighting in historybegan to decline. Some of them fled, some wounded themselves, sometimes oneperson was injured, and many people escorted them, in order not to go to thefront line. Emperor Kangxi realized that it was urgent to improve the quality ofsoldiers and consolidate the northern frontier. In this situation, EmperorKangxi personally led the Eight Banners out of xifengkou and went north toinspect, and set up a Mulan paddock for the purpose of practicing martial artsin Suiyuan.

　　The establishment of Mulan paddock was the product of the friendlyrelationship between the Qing Dynasty and the Mongolian and TibetanNationalities. It closed the relationship between the Mongolian and Tibetanareas and the Central Plains, strengthened the exchanges among the Manchu,Mongolian, Tibetan and Han nationalities, consolidated the northern borderdefense, and was conducive to resisting the invasion and expansion of tsaristRussia. The annual hunting lasted about 20 days each time. The emperorpersonally led officials of various government departments and eight banners ofManchu and Mongolian to participate. In order to meet the needs of a largenumber of people, accommodation, rest, savings and the emperor's handling ofgovernment affairs, more than ten palaces were built from Beijing to thepaddock. Rehe is located in the middle of this northern patrol route. FromBeijing to here, the memorial ceremony is coming day and night. Moreover, theclimate here is pleasant, the scenery is beautiful, and the water and grass areabundant. So Kangxi decided to build a large palace here, which is Rehe palace.In this regard, Qianlong had a very clear saying: "our emperor built this villaoutside the Great Wall, not for his own travel in Henan, but for theconstruction of the world.".

　　History shows that the establishment of the autumn festival and the summerresort achieved the Emperor Kangxi's political goal of "combining the internaland external heart and forming a solid career". Now let's look at this pictureagain. It can be divided into two parts: the imperial camp and the huntingground. The imperial camp was the place where the emperor lived and dealt withthe government affairs, and the hunting ground was the place where he actuallyhunted. When hunting, there was strict organization and discipline. After thesoldiers disguised as deer led the deer out, the sergeants gradually reduced theencirclement to the level of people side by side and horses with ears, but theycould not shoot at will. At this time, the emperor first came out to shootarrows, and then the princes, ministers and soldiers shot in turn. The pictureshows a deer hunting scene. Please follow me.

　　This second gate is called "Yue shoot", which is the place where theemperor watched the archery competition between the emperor's son and hisgrandson. There is a plaque on the top of the door, which is written with fourgold-plated characters of "summer villa". It is the imperial pen of EmperorKangxi. This plaque is extremely beautiful and eye-catching. Perhaps you havefound that the word "avoid" in this summer resort is written one morehorizontal. Is it Emperor Kangxi's mistake, or is there another reason )Thisgentleman (young lady) is right. It turns out that in the Qing Dynasty, when thetwo characters "Bi" were used at the same time, either way of writing wascorrect. This is a variant character phenomenon. Here Emperor Kangxi wrote itfor the sake of pursuing the beauty of calligraphy.

　　The two bronze lions on both sides of the gate are majestic. Speaking ofthese two bronze lions, there is a touching legend! It is said that during theAnti Japanese War, the Japanese invaders occupied Chengde and plundered it. Oneday, a group of Japanese soldiers found that the two bronze lions were beautifuland priceless. They wanted to take them away, but they were too heavy to carrythem. So they went to find tools separately. All this makes the old people inthe nursing home look in the eyes and feel pain in the heart. He thought thatthe bronze lion was the treasure of the country, and it must not be taken awayby the Japanese soldiers. He had an idea. He immediately got pig blood from thevillage and smeared it on the lion's eyes. When the Japanese soldiers found thetools and came back, they found that the lion's eyes were red, and they allcried blood. They were all stunned. They were afraid that moving the lion wouldbring them bad luck, so they ran away in a panic. This pair of nationaltreasures has been preserved until now. Now the pair of bronze lions have becomemascots in people's minds. If you want everything to go well, don't forget totouch it.

　　承德導(dǎo)游詞英語(yǔ)作文3

　　Dear friends

　　Hello! Today we visit Pule temple. Pule temple, commonly known asyuantingzi, is another royal temple built by Emperor Qianlong after PuningTemple and Anyuan temple. It covers an area of 24000 square meters with the eastfacing the West and the central axis facing the summer resort. The first half ofthe architecture of Pule temple is the traditional "Jialan Qitang" style of theHan temple, and the second half is the Tibetan form. The main building of thetemple, Xuguang Pavilion, imitates the praying Hall of the temple of heaven inBeijing. The layout of the building is different from that of ordinary temples,which breaks the pattern of traditional temples facing south. In the East, it isadjacent to the chime hammer peak, and in the west, it is opposite to the summerresort. It echoes with the Puren temple, Anyuan temple, Puning Temple, XumiFushou temple, Putuo Zongcheng temple, etc. in the eight outer temples, forminga pattern of stars holding the moon and bowing to the summer resort.

　　(in front of the Mountain Gate of Pule Temple)

　　Now we come to the gate of Pule temple. There is a pair of stone lions infront of the door. You see how well preserved they are. In the middle of themountain gate, there is a stone plaque inscribed with "Pule Temple" written byEmperor Qianlong in Han, Manchu, Mongolian and Tibetan Languages.

　　(entering the Mountain Gate)

　　The first thing you can see when you enter the mountain gate is the belland drum towers on both sides of the north and the south. Its function is thesame as the bell and drum towers of Puning Temple. I will not repeat ithere.

　　You see, there is a five room hall with a single eaves on the top of theplatform. Under the central eaves is a Yunlong plaque written by EmperorQianlong. In the center of the hall is Maitreya Buddha with a big belly. He hasa fat head and a big cheek. He is happy with his eyebrows and smiles. It seemsthat he is welcoming us. On both sides of the cloth bag monk are clay statues ofthe four heavenly kings.

　　The four heavenly kings, 8.38 meters high, are in sitting position. Thoughthey have been living for 200 years, they are still resplendent and magnificent,ranking second to none in the country. Behind Maitreya Buddha stands WeituoBuddha. Weituo is the Dharma protector of the Buddha and one of the EightGenerals of the southern growth heavenly king, ranking first among the 32generals (each of the four heavenly kings has eight generals). It is said thatwhen Sakyamuni Buddha came to Nirvana, the evil spirits took away the remains ofthe Buddha, and Weituo chased them in time and tried hard to recapture them.Therefore, Buddhism regards him as the God to expel evil spirits and protectBuddhism. Since the Song Dynasty, Chinese temples have worshipped Weituo, knownas Weituo Bodhisattva. They often stand behind the Maitreya Buddha statue andface the main hall to protect the Dharma and help monks.

　　(in front of Zongyin Hall)

　　When we enter the second courtyard from the Tianwang hall, we are presentedwith a hall with seven wide faces and five deep faces, with double eaves andglass tile roofs on Xieshan mountain. This is the main building of the temple"Zongyin hall". Zongyin means that Buddhism is the unchanging truth. In thecenter of the main ridge of Zongyin hall, there is a yellow glazed tile Lamatower, about two meters high. The base of the tower is xumizuo. The tower iscomposed of Chenglu pan, Xianglun, sun and moon. On both sides of the pagoda areinlaid with eight ornaments for Buddha's offering: wheel (Dharma wheel), snail(Buddha's sound is widely spread), umbrella (protecting all Dharma), cover(Buddha's power), lotus (not contaminated by worldly customs), vase (virtue isperfect), Pisces (freedom and liberation), pan Chang (Buddhist doctrine runsthrough all the time). In the center of the hall, there are three Buddhas: thepharmacist Buddha in the Oriental glass world, the Sakyamuni Buddha in theChinese dancing world, and the Amitabha Buddha in the Western Paradise. Thereare eight wood carved Bodhisattvas on the stone Xumi seats on both sides of thethree Buddhas: Manjusri, Vajrayana, Avalokitesvara and King Tibetans in theSouth; Puxian, Maitreya, void Tibetans and removing dirt and obstacles in thenorth. They are called eight Bodhisattvas. The eight Bodhisattvas are of thesame size. They are all carved in wood and painted in gold.

　　There are five auxiliary halls on each side of Zongyin hall. The Nanpeihall is called "Huili hall". In the hall, there are statues of Buddha, Vajrawith horse head, Vajra with subduing part and Vajra with anger. They are pink,blue, red, three heads and six arms, with human skin on the back and tiger skinskirt around the waist. The backlight behind is a five color flame, which issaid to represent five kinds of "wisdom". The north side hall is "Shengyinhall". Inside the hall is dedicated to the inner achievement of Vajra hand, theouter achievement of Vajra hand and the secret achievement of Vajra hand. It issaid that these three Buddhas are the images of Sakyamuni when he preached thesecret Dharma, and are the secret incarnations of Sakyamuni. So it's also called"secret master".

　　(Shangcheng)

　　Dear friends, we now come to the "city" in the eastern half of Pule temple.The city is actually a Datura entity. Mandala is a transliteration of Sanskrit,translated as "Tan" or "Daochang". This is the place where the lamas practice,observe and teach the secret law. In order to prevent the invasion of "demons",the tantric sect of Lamaism drew a circle or built a high altar on the practicesite, on which the Buddha, Bodhisattva or scroll were placed. Only in this waycan we get the protection of Buddha and Bodhisattva and not be disturbed by the"demons".

　　The city is divided into three layers: the outer layer is a group of squarehouses. There are doors on all sides. Facing the west is the main gate, which isthree rooms wide and one room deep, with a single eaves resting on the top ofthe mountain. There is a Qianlong stele built in the gate hall. It is inscribedwith Qianlong's stele of Pule Temple written in Manchu, Han, Mongolian andTibetan Languages. The construction of Pule temple is not like that of PuningTemple and Anyuan temple. In view of specific historical events, EmperorQianlong felt that there was still a large space to be used from Puning Templeand Anyuan temple to the area of qinghammer peak. In order to make the overallrational layout of the temples around the summer resort, he built this temple."Pule" is derived from Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower" in which "the worries ofthe world come first and then the happiness of the world come later". On bothsides of the original square courtyard, it has 72 single-layer Gallery room, nolonger exist.

　　The second floor is a square stone platform with battlements on the brickwall. A stone arch is built in the center of the platform, and there is acorridor between the arch and the gate hall. In the middle of the West arch,there is a stone plaque of "shewei Xianxiang" written by Emperor Qianlong, whichmeans that it is the same as shewei state, showing auspicious scenery. There arestone pedals on both sides of the arch leading to the bottom of the platform.The arches on the north and south sides are closed, with Buddhist painting axeshanging inside. There is a small hall at the exit of the pedal road from thepedal road to the top of the second floor platform. There are eight Lama pagodaswith the same shape and different colors in the middle of the four corners andfour sides of the top. The pagoda is divided into five colors: yellow, black,purple, green and white. These five colors represent the "five elements" ofland, water, fire, wind and air in Lamaism. The five color pagoda symbolizes thefive color land (the land of China's Kyushu is five colors), which means thatunder the heaven, is it the king's land. The eight pagodas are divided intoeight directions and serve as the merit towers of Sakyamuni's "eight greatachievements" (Buddha, becoming Tao, turning the wheel of Dharma, manifestingsupernatural powers, benefiting the world, transforming monks, thinkingimmeasurably and entering Nirvana). It symbolizes the long-term and stable ruleof the Qing Dynasty.

　　The square stone platform on the third floor is surrounded by stonerailings. In the center of the platform is the main building "Xuguang Pavilion"in the second half of the temple. It means facing the rising sun in the East.This is a round pavilion with double eaves, yellow glazed tiles and a pointedroof. Its shape is the same as that of the praying Hall of the temple of heavenin Beijing. 12 eaves columns and 12 gold columns support the double eaves domein two layers. The square platform and the round roof show the ancient Chinesecosmology with a round sky and a round place. The building on the round stoneXumi seat in the center of the hall is called "Mandala", which is athree-dimensional "Mandala" model in China.

　　The nine palace grid on its base is made of 37 pieces of wood, representing37 kinds of knowledge of Sakyamuni. In the middle of the mandala, there is adouble bronze statue of the king Buddha of shangle. Shangle King Buddha, alsoknown as Shengle King Buddha, is also called "Huanxi Buddha". It is also named"Deqiao" and is one of the original Buddhas of Tantric practice of Lamaism.Tantric school advocates practicing secret law, that is, practicing through "thedoor of convenience" (yoga) to become a Buddha. King Buddha of shangle is theincarnation of King Buddha holding wheel, representing wisdom. Mother Buddha(female image) represents meditation. Only with "both wisdom and tranquility"and "both meditation and meditation" can one become a Buddha. The combination oftwo bodies is like the wings of a bird and the wheels of a car. Only in this waycan one become a Buddha, which is another form of cultivation in TantricBuddhism.

　　The top of Xuguang Pavilion is decorated with exquisite dragon troupe andPearl caisson. The carving is exquisite and glittering, which has high artisticvalue. come

　　(in the exhibition room of Tantric Buddhism)

　　Dear friends, now we are in the exhibition room of Tantric Buddhism. Thisis the gate hall on the north side of the city. Originally, there were 21 groupsof rooms beside the square gate hall. Now only the gate hall is left. Except forthe west gate hall, the other nine gate halls have been turned into exhibitionrooms.

　　Esoteric Buddhism, also known as esoteric Buddhism, originated in the latestage of the development of Mahayana Buddhism in ancient India, and has obviouscharacteristics compared with Xianzong. 800 years after Sakyamuni's death,Buddhism was divided into Buddhism and Buddhism. Academia believes that EsotericBuddhism is the product of the combination of Mahayana and Brahmanism after the7th century. It was introduced by Indian master rinwatson in the early 8thcentury. He fought many times with Bon witches in secret law. Every time hedefeated some Bon witches, he declared that some stupid God had been subdued andnamed him the protector of Buddhism. The tantric Buddha statue of TibetanBuddhism is unique, which is not only the precious wealth of religious art, butalso the treasure of human body statue art in the world. Let's have a lookhere

　　Apart from the modern clay statues, they are all originally preserved inthe temple, which is hard to see in other temples.

　　What are the differences between Tantric Buddhism and Buddhism? There arethe following points: first, Tantric Buddhism takes Sakyamuni as its leader andattaches great importance to theory, while Tantric Buddhism praises theTathagata and pays attention to matters; second, Tantric Buddhism advocatespreaching Buddhism, meditation, enlightenment and self-cultivation, whileTantric Buddhism attaches great importance to inheritance, truth and mantra inorder to become Buddha; 3、 Xianzong's Classics mainly include scriptures, laws,precepts, and theories. In addition to tantric, there are eulogy, praise,Dharma, mantra, rituals, yoga, and seal of contract. Fourth, Xianzong has fourkinds of prestige: walking, living, sitting, and lying. In addition to tantric,it also needs to contemplate, follow the teacher's instruction, abide by ritualsand practice procedures.

　　Tantric cultivation can be divided into four steps: Shimi, xingmi, yoga MIand supreme yoga MI. Master zongkaba, the founder of the Yellow religion,stipulated that the order of practice should be first obvious and then secret.Only the living Buddha who has obtained the degree of gexi in Tibetan educationis qualified to practice Esoteric Buddhism, which is passed on by master Vajraand practiced in the upper and lower esoteric schools. The practice of TantricBuddhism is accompanied by the imperial concubine Ming. Therefore, most of thetantric statues are double figures of men and women, which are called "joyfulBuddha" or "joyful heaven". Each of these statues has a Buddhist story orlegend, so they are three-dimensional fables of Buddhism. Because the joyfulBuddhas are all naked, they are men and women, so some people mistakenly thinkthat "joyful" refers to the sexual pleasure of men and women. In fact, these twowords mean fearless, angry spirit, transcending life and death, and gainingjoy.

　　(in the second exhibition room of Tantric Buddhism)

　　One of the most influential Buddhist statues of Tantric Buddhism is thebronze "King Kong of great power, virtue and terror" in the second exhibitionroom. He was a man and a woman, with nine sides, thirty-four hands and sixteenfeet. The nine faces represent the nine Sutras of Mahayana, the two hornssymbolize the two truths, the thirty-four hands with body, the thirty-sevenmeaning, the thirty-seven Bodhi Dharma, the sixteen feet symbolize the sixteenemptiness, and the combination of men and women symbolizes the great happiness.On the left and right, eight feet step on eight things and eight birds,symbolizing "80% of the Department" and "eight freedom". Nudity and nirvanasymbolize "no dust". Anger and uprightness symbolize "wonderful way". As for thejoyful Buddha image, there are such legends in sibunayega Dharma and JapaneseTantra of dongmi: the woman is the incarnation of Guanyin Bodhisattva. With herbeauty, she subdued the king who believed in Brahmanism and made him theprotector of Buddhism. This kind of saying is completely out of the secularattachment psychology. It is a difficult realm for ordinary people to reach todeeply study the essence of Tantric cultivation. It is to break the ignorance,cultivate the good root and obtain the right consciousness. There is amysterious veil about the true meaning of Tibetan secrets. No wonder we can'tunderstand it. However, the artistic charm of these superb human figures isamazing to every tourist.

　　Also on display in the exhibition room are the prison master King Kong,riding sheep to protect the Dharma, joyful King Kong, auspicious HeavenlyMother, shangle King Buddha and so on. Please enjoy it freely.

　　Although Pule temple is a Lamaist temple, there is no Lama in it, but it isguarded by eight banners. This is the place where the Kazakh, Uighur, Kirgiz andother ethnic upper class people who come to the summer resort to worship theQing emperor pay homage and live.

　　Dear friends, this is the end of the tour guide's explanation of Puletemple. Short time together, eternal memory, in your heart, my heart left a goodmemory. I remember a song like this: "when we surpass our dreams, we need toface them sincerely, let our life savor this moment, and let the years rememberthis time.".

　　Dear friends, goodbye!

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇9

　　女士們，先生們，叔叔阿姨阿姨夫們，哥哥弟弟小姐姐們，大家早上好!首先，我謹(jǐn)代表旅行社老板攜同全體老板娘，以及我個(gè)人與前面的司機(jī)師傅向大家致以衷心的問(wèn)候。

　　都說(shuō)前世500次的回眸，才換來(lái)今生的一次擦肩而過(guò)今天我們來(lái)自不同城市的人們能有緣共乘一輛車一同去承德共度3天2夜，可見(jiàn)我們之間那莫大的緣分。這也說(shuō)明上輩子我們沒(méi)干別的，關(guān)顧回頭了。

　　說(shuō)了這么多大家還不認(rèn)識(shí)我呢，自我介紹下。我是咱們承德3日游的全程陪同導(dǎo)游——，名字的寓意介紹讓大家好記些，辨識(shí)度高。大家可以叫我導(dǎo)，或者都行，但不要稱呼導(dǎo)游，在景區(qū)你一喊導(dǎo)游，七八個(gè)回頭的不知道誰(shuí)叫誰(shuí)呢哈。

　　知道大家現(xiàn)在都很困，所以行程介紹我稍晚些講，先跟大家認(rèn)識(shí)一下，有什么事情大家也好能找到我，我的電話是188605，同時(shí)大家也記一下車牌號(hào)以免大家上錯(cuò)車，我們的團(tuán)名稱是團(tuán)，以車牌尾號(hào)為名一方面時(shí)刻提醒大家車牌，另一方面現(xiàn)在是承德的旅游旺季，今天一起發(fā)了5車，我喊團(tuán)的集合真是分不清，這樣也能讓大家快熟找到組織。

　　由于我們車程較長(zhǎng)預(yù)計(jì)下午1點(diǎn)左右能到達(dá)承德，我先跟大家明確一下乘車的`注意事項(xiàng)。

　　1、首先，我們的座位是固定的，今天坐哪未來(lái)的三天就還做哪。這個(gè)座位不是我排的，是旅行社按照大家報(bào)名的順序排的，咱們團(tuán)的游客素質(zhì)都比較好，沒(méi)有說(shuō)因?yàn)樽�位產(chǎn)生分歧的哈。我們是一線的導(dǎo)游，經(jīng)常出團(tuán)，有一次我遇到過(guò)一個(gè)情況，一車50人有30個(gè)說(shuō)暈車的，但是咱們大巴車不能橫著開(kāi)哈，所以旅行社收人的時(shí)候是不承諾暈車給大家排在前面的，因?yàn)槎紩炣嚬�，所以想做前面的游客下次旅游記得提前�?bào)名哈。但是呢我們是全程高速，像這種一層半的大巴坐前做后是一樣的，不會(huì)出現(xiàn)暈車的癥狀的。

　　2、行李提醒大家安放好，零散的東西就不要放上面了，再有最前面兩個(gè)格也最好不要放東西，因?yàn)閯x車彎道都很容易導(dǎo)致行李脫落避免砸傷人哈。個(gè)人的貴重物品隨身攜帶。

　　3、帶孩子的家長(zhǎng)一定看好自家的寶貝，不要在車廂亂跑，我們大人也是一樣，車輛行高速駛中是不允許站人或行走的，不要覺(jué)得累了靠一會(huì)沒(méi)事，因?yàn)槁窙r是隨時(shí)在變得的，記得有個(gè)游客就像我現(xiàn)在這樣靠著休息，結(jié)果一個(gè)急剎人直接飛過(guò)去了，雖然有保險(xiǎn)但是人遭罪哈。雖然師傅車技好長(zhǎng)跑承德線，但是安全起見(jiàn)，大家盡量做在座位上，扶手放下并系好安全帶。

　　4、服務(wù)區(qū)3個(gè)小時(shí)左右會(huì)�？恳粋�(gè)，大家也能下去走一圈緩解一下，如果有內(nèi)急的朋友的記得跟導(dǎo)說(shuō)哈，因?yàn)槲覀兪窃诟咚偕�，不是你憋不住就能停的哈，得到服�?wù)區(qū)才能停的。沒(méi)有特殊情況我們就正常3個(gè)小時(shí)左右停一次，這樣大家也能早些到景區(qū)哈。

　　5、再有就是車內(nèi)衛(wèi)生哈，首先車廂內(nèi)是不允許吸煙的哈，不論是行駛還是靜止的狀態(tài)哈。再有就是不能吃瓜子等容易蹦的那都是的零食的。垃圾我們放在垃圾袋中，不夠垃圾袋的找導(dǎo)要哈。下車記得把垃圾帶下來(lái)，有些易變質(zhì)的食物憋了半天味道真的不好聞哈。再有就是刺激氣味較重的食物哈，臭豆腐、榴蓮、泡面啥咱也別在車上吃哈，暈車的朋友真的受不了哈，你這邊吃他那面在吐，這畫(huà)面太美我是真不敢看哈。

　　6、最后是優(yōu)惠政策大家聽(tīng)好哈：18周歲以下20__年以后的，只看年不看月，出示證件——半價(jià)學(xué)生證全日制不含研究生——半價(jià)60周歲以上的1949-1958年，只看年不看月，身份證——半價(jià)。 1.2米以下及70周歲以上1948以上的，出示身份證——免票。記者證、殘疾證、軍官證，網(wǎng)審證件——免票。稍后大家將證件準(zhǔn)備好，我收集一下。

　　接下來(lái)給大家介紹一下游覽的景區(qū)概況及行程哈，您交的團(tuán)費(fèi)里都面包含哪些，哪些項(xiàng)目不包含，哪些是需要另外消費(fèi)的，哪些地方能省錢、哪些景點(diǎn)是不去留遺憾的，出來(lái)旅游理性消費(fèi)哈。

　　(行程介紹)承德避暑山莊、小布達(dá)拉宮普陀宗乘之廟、班禪行宮須彌福壽之廟、普樂(lè)寺、棒槌山、普樂(lè)寺、僧冠峰

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇10

　　Chengde city is located in the northeast of Hebei Province, in thetransitional zone between North China and Northeast China. The city hasjurisdiction over eight counties and three districts, covering an area of nearly40000 square kilometers with a total population of more than 3.4 million.Chengde Municipal People's government is located on the Bank of Wulie River inShuangqiao District, 435 kilometers away from Shijiazhuang, the provincialcapital, and 256 kilometers away from Beijing.

　　Chengde city has a long history, as early as the Neolithic age, there wereprimitive people living. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, the centralgovernments of all dynasties have set up county, prefecture, county and otheradministrative organs in Chengde. Rehe hall was set up in the first year ofYongzheng reign, Chengde mansion in the 43rd year of Qianlong reign, and ReheDutong mansion in the 15th year of Jiaqing reign. After the revolution of 1911,the government system was abolished and Rehe special district was set up. In1928, it was established as the capital of Rehe province. In 1933, Chengde wasoccupied by Japanese invaders, and the puppet Manchukuo Special AdministrativeRegion was established. It was liberated in 1945, and was occupied by theKuomintang in 1946. In 1948, Chengde city was liberated again, under thejurisdiction of Rehe Province, and became the capital of Rehe province. InNovember 1956, yingshouyingzi and Shouwangfen in Xinglong County were under thejurisdiction of Chengde city. In 1958, Chengde County was abolished and mergedinto Chengde city.

　　On March 15, 1960, Chengde city was merged. After the merger, Chengde citywas under the jurisdiction of urban area, Xiabancheng District, Longhua County,Weichang County, Fengning County, Luanping county, Xinglong County, QinglongCounty and Pingquan County. In May 1961, Chengde was divided into Prefecture andcity. After that, Chengde was divided into Cuiqiao District, Hongqiao District,shuangtashan District, hongshiluan Working Committee and Shuangfengsi WorkingCommittee. In February 1965, yingshouyingzi, Shouwangfen and mazuan were reassigned to Chengde City, and yingshouyingzi mining area was restored. InJanuary 1984, Chengde city was changed into a city under provincialjurisdiction, with jurisdiction over Shuangqiao District, Shuangluan District,yingshouyingzi mining area and Chengde County. Qinglong County is under thejurisdiction of Qinhuangdao city. On July 1, 1993, the prefecture and city weremerged to implement the management system of city Governing County, whichgoverns eight counties and three districts.

　　Chengde, formerly known as Rehe, has a long history and rich multi-ethnichistory and culture. According to textual research, there are traces of humanactivities here as early as the period of Longshan Culture in the CentralPlains. During the Warring States period, the state of Yan set up a localgovernment at the county level in this area. After Qin Dynasty, localgovernments were also set up.

　　From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the yuan and Ming Dynasties, Xiongnu,Xianbei, Qidan, Nuzhen, Mongolian and other ethnic minorities once nomaded here.Until the early Qing Dynasty, Chengde city is still only a small village withdozens of families, called Rehe Shangying. In 1703, the Qing government built asummer resort here. In 1723, the Rehe hall was set up. In 1733, it was renamedChengde Prefecture after taking the meaning of "inheriting the kindness ofancestors". This is the origin of the name Chengde. Since then, Chengde hasgradually developed into a city with "more lights than ever before". However,from Xianfeng's succession to the throne (1851) to the reign of the Kuomintang,Chengde gradually declined and became desolate. After the revolution of 1911,the government system was abolished and Rehe special area was established. Reheprovince was established in 1929, and Chengde was the capital of Rehe province.After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Chengde city changed fromdecline to rebirth. In July 1993, the former Chengde City and Chengde Districtmerged.

　　Chengde is one of the 24 famous historical and cultural cities, one of thetop ten scenic spots in China, one of the 44 key scenic spots in China, and oneof the top 40 tourist attractions in China. At the end of 1994, Chengde MountainResort and its surrounding temples were listed as world cultural heritage byUNESCO. In June 1998, Chengde Mountain resort was identified as one of the firstten demonstration sites of civilized scenic spots in China. At the end of 1998,Chengde city was rated as China's tourism city. Chengde is rich in tourismresources. In the past three years, Chengde Municipal government has investedmore than 30 million yuan to renovate and restore the famous summer resort andWaiba temple. Now 40 of the famous "72 scenes of KangQian" in the summer resorthave been renovated, and seven of the eight outer temples are open to tourists.In addition, Kui Xing Lou, Twin Towers mountain, Town God's Temple and sandwichwall ditch have been newly developed in the urban area.

　　Chengde city is rich in tourism resources. In Luanping, there isJinshanling Great Wall, the essence of the great wall; in Fengning, Jingbeigrassland is famous for its advantageous geographical location and beautifulnatural scenery; in Baiyun ancient cave, there are strange, dangerous, wild,secluded, monks, nuns and Taoism; Mulan paddock, the famous royal hunting gardenof Qing Dynasty in Weichang County, is a natural resort for summer tourism andwinter skiing and hunting; Wuling Mountain in Xinglong is rich in species ofanimals and plants, which is listed as a nature reserve; the underwater GreatWall in Kuancheng is a wonder of the Great Wall; The scenery at the source ofLiaohe River in Pingquan is charming. The natural secondary forests arewell-organized. The grassland on the top of the mountain presents a subalpinegrassland landscape. Chengde is a resort with beautiful mountains andrivers.

承德導(dǎo)游詞 篇11

　　1994年，河北承德避暑山莊及周圍寺廟以獨(dú)特的風(fēng)采被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織正式列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》，承德避暑山莊導(dǎo)游詞。避暑山莊又名承德離宮或熱河行宮，位于河北省承德市中心北部，是清代皇帝夏天避暑和處理政務(wù)的場(chǎng)所。

　　避暑山莊位于承德市中心區(qū)以北，武烈河西岸一帶狹長(zhǎng)的谷地上，距離北京230公里。它始建于1703年，歷經(jīng)清朝三代皇帝：

　　康熙、雍正、，耗時(shí)約90年建成。與北京紫禁城相比，避暑山莊以樸素淡雅的山村野趣為格調(diào)，取自然山水之本色，吸收江南塞北之風(fēng)光，成為中國(guó)現(xiàn)存占地最大的古代帝王宮苑。

　　當(dāng)年康熙皇帝在北巡途中，發(fā)現(xiàn)承德這片地方地勢(shì)良好，氣候宜人，風(fēng)景優(yōu)美，又直達(dá)清王朝的發(fā)祥地——北方，是滿清皇帝家鄉(xiāng)的門戶，還可俯視關(guān)內(nèi)，外控蒙古各部，于是選定在這里建行宮。

　　康熙四十二年（1703年）開(kāi)始在此大興土木，疏浚湖泊，修路造宮，至康熙五十二年（1713年）建成36景，并建好山莊的圍墻。

　　雍正朝代暫停修建。干隆六年（1741年）到干隆五十七年（1792年）又繼續(xù)修建直至完工，建成的避暑山莊新增加干隆36景和山莊外的外八廟，形成界墻內(nèi)約占地564公頃，其規(guī)模壯觀，是別具一格的皇家園林，為后人留下了珍貴的古代園林建筑杰作。避暑山莊分宮殿區(qū)、湖泊區(qū)、平原區(qū)、山巒區(qū)四大部分。宮殿區(qū)位于湖泊南岸，地形平坦，是皇帝處理朝政、舉行慶典和生活起居的地方，占地10萬(wàn)平方米，由正宮、松鶴齋、萬(wàn)壑松風(fēng)和東宮四組建筑組成。湖泊區(qū)在宮殿區(qū)的北面，湖泊面積包括州島約占43公頃，有8個(gè)小島嶼，將湖面分割成大小不同的區(qū)域，層次分明，洲島錯(cuò)落，碧波蕩漾，富有江南魚(yú)米之鄉(xiāng)的特色。

　　東北角有清泉，即著名的熱河泉。平原區(qū)在湖區(qū)北面的山腳下，地勢(shì)開(kāi)闊，有萬(wàn)樹(shù)園和試馬埭，是一片碧草茵茵，林木茂盛，茫茫草原風(fēng)光。山巒區(qū)在山莊的西北部，面積約占全園的五分之四，這里山巒起伏，溝壑縱橫，眾多樓堂殿閣、寺廟點(diǎn)綴其間。整個(gè)山莊東南多水，西北多山，是中國(guó)自然地貌的縮影。平原區(qū)西部綠草如茵，一派蒙古草原風(fēng)光；東部古木參天，具有大興安嶺莽莽森林景象。

　　在避暑山莊東面和北面的山麓，分布著宏偉壯觀的寺廟群，這就是外八廟，其名稱分別為：溥仁寺、溥善寺（已毀）、普樂(lè)寺、安遠(yuǎn)廟、普寧寺、須彌福寺之廟、普陀宗乘之廟、殊像寺。外八廟以漢式宮殿建筑為基調(diào)，吸收了蒙、藏、維等民族建筑藝術(shù)特征，創(chuàng)造了中國(guó)的多樣統(tǒng)一的寺廟建筑風(fēng)格。山莊整體布局巧用地形，因山就勢(shì)，分區(qū)明確，景色豐富，與其它園林相比，有其獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格。

　　山莊宮殿區(qū)布局嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，建筑樸素，苑景區(qū)自然野趣，宮殿與天然景觀和諧地融為一體，達(dá)到了回歸自然的境界。

　　山莊融南北建筑藝術(shù)精華，園內(nèi)建筑規(guī)模不大，殿宇和圍墻多采用青磚灰瓦、原木本色，淡雅莊重，簡(jiǎn)樸適度，與京城的故宮，黃瓦紅墻，描金彩繪，堂皇耀目呈明顯對(duì)照。山莊的建筑既具有南方園林的風(fēng)格、結(jié)構(gòu)和工程做法，又多沿襲北方常用的手法，成為南北建筑藝術(shù)完美結(jié)合的典范。避暑山莊之外，半環(huán)于山莊的是雄偉的寺廟群，如眾星捧月，環(huán)繞山莊，它象徵民族團(tuán)結(jié)和中央集權(quán)。這些建筑藝術(shù)形象既反映了民族團(tuán)結(jié)，又起到了民族間建筑文化交流的作用。山莊周圍寺廟，環(huán)山莊半圓建成，呈眾星捧月之勢(shì)，政治寓義十分明確。從收效看也確實(shí)是“一座喇嘛廟，勝抵十萬(wàn)兵”。全寺占地約2.3萬(wàn)平方米，主要建筑有鐘鼓樓、碑亭、天王殿、大雄寶殿、大乘閣等。大乘閣高36.75米，外觀六層重檐。閣內(nèi)置木雕千手千眼觀音貼金立像，高22.23米。用松柏榆杉椴五種木材雕成，是國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)存的最大木雕佛像之一，已經(jīng)被錄入《吉尼斯大全》。佛像兩側(cè)有善財(cái)、龍女侍立，造型圓潤(rùn)。

　　閣兩側(cè)有妙嚴(yán)室和講經(jīng)堂，分別是清帝聽(tīng)經(jīng)和休憩之所。在清代，每年的臘月二十五至二十七日、正月初八至十五日，普寧寺都要舉辦廟會(huì)，外八廟的喇嘛齊集于此，有佛教法舞表演，遠(yuǎn)近的鄉(xiāng)民絡(luò)繹不絕。普樂(lè)寺位于避暑山莊東北，俗稱圓亭子。建于清三十一年（1766年），占地面積2.4萬(wàn)平方米，建筑布局分前后兩部分。前部有山門、鐘鼓樓、天王殿、宗印殿；后半部為壇城。在高大的石壇城上，建圓形旭光閣，重檐傘式攢尖黃琉璃瓦頂，閣中置一立體曼陀羅，內(nèi)供銅歡喜佛。閣頂有圓形斗八藻井，內(nèi)有二龍戲珠，制作精美，金碧輝煌。北閣與北京天壇祈年殿形制類似。普陀宗乘之廟位于避暑山莊正北。普陀宗乘是藏語(yǔ)布達(dá)拉宮的漢譯，故又稱小布達(dá)拉宮。建于清三十二年（1767年），歷經(jīng)4年完工，仿西—藏布達(dá)拉宮形制，廟的建筑布局利用山勢(shì)，自南而北層層升高。主要建筑有山門、碑亭、五塔門、琉璃牌坊、大紅臺(tái)、萬(wàn)法歸一殿等。大紅臺(tái)為主體建筑，臺(tái)高42.5米，寬59.7米。

　　萬(wàn)法師一殿在大紅臺(tái)中部，重檐四角攢尖鎏金瓦頂。此廟是外八廟最大的一處，占地面積約22萬(wàn)平方米。廟內(nèi)共有大小建筑約60處，多是平頂白墻。主體建筑大紅臺(tái)是一座暗紅色的方形建筑，在周圍白色樓宇的映襯下，非常搶眼。大紅臺(tái)中心的萬(wàn)法歸一殿頂部全部被鎏金銅瓦所覆蓋，僅此一項(xiàng)造價(jià)即是黃金萬(wàn)兩，這里是舉行重大的宗教儀式或清帝接見(jiàn)重要的少數(shù)民族部落首領(lǐng)及王公大臣們的場(chǎng)所。普陀宗乘之廟古木參天，環(huán)境清幽，景致殊佳，是外八廟中不可不游的一處。殊像寺位于避暑山莊之北，東臨普陀宗盛之廟，建于三十九年，仿山西五臺(tái)山殊像寺而建，形制以漢族廟宇建筑為主。殊像寺內(nèi)的喇嘛均為滿族，供奉的主神為文殊菩薩，當(dāng)時(shí)民間認(rèn)為皇帝是文殊菩薩轉(zhuǎn)世，所以該寺又有“家廟”之稱。全寺分前后兩部分，前部主要由山門、鐘鼓樓、天王殿、會(huì)乘殿等組成，其中，會(huì)乘殿是寺內(nèi)主殿，殿內(nèi)供觀世音、文殊、普賢三菩薩，像前左右置三層楠木佛龕，兩側(cè)各一座楠木萬(wàn)壽塔，內(nèi)供無(wú)量壽佛。后殿主要由寶相閣、清涼樓、香林室和配殿等組成，寶相閣內(nèi)原有木雕騎獅的文殊菩薩像，閣名是帝御筆親題。殿閣外還堆砌有別致的假山，可沿小道迂回而上。