大昭寺的導(dǎo)游詞（通用5篇）
大昭寺的導(dǎo)游詞 篇1
各位朋友大家好，我是你們此行的導(dǎo)游小李。歡迎來(lái)到美麗的日光之城拉薩。
拉薩是中國(guó)西藏自治區(qū)首府，已有1300多年的歷史，是全區(qū)政治，經(jīng)濟(jì)，文化，宗教的中心。它位于西藏高原中部，海拔3650米，四面環(huán)山，地勢(shì)平坦，氣候溫和，全年日照時(shí)間約3000小時(shí)，故有日光城美譽(yù)。
在公元七世紀(jì)中葉，松贊干布在這里建立了吐蕃王朝。唐朝時(shí)，文成公主進(jìn)藏后建議用白山羊背土填湖建廟。寺廟建成之后為紀(jì)念建寺和山羊的功勞，于是就將寺廟命名為惹薩，后來(lái)呢又成為了這座城的名字，并演化為拉薩，意為羊土城。
上千年來(lái)，這里曾幾度成為西藏政教活動(dòng)中心，于是拉薩成為名副其實(shí)的神圣之地。在一般人的印象中，拉薩是由布達(dá)拉宮、八角街、大昭寺、色拉寺、哲蚌寺以及拉薩河構(gòu)成的，但西藏人認(rèn)為，嚴(yán)格意義上的拉薩只是指布達(dá)拉宮，大昭寺和圍繞大昭寺而建立起來(lái)的八角街。接下來(lái)就讓我?guī)ьI(lǐng)大家游覽真正的拉薩把。
我們現(xiàn)在所看到的就是舉世聞名的布達(dá)拉宮了，是不是感覺(jué)很震撼呢。
布達(dá)拉是藏語(yǔ)譯音，即普陀羅。相傳，藏傳佛教徒認(rèn)為紅山可與觀世音的圣普陀羅山媲美，就把它比作第二普陀羅山。
布達(dá)拉宮建于公元七世紀(jì)，是藏王松贊干布為遠(yuǎn)嫁西藏的文成公主建的。修建殿室999間，連同原有建筑紅樓共1000間。它是當(dāng)今世界上海拔最高、規(guī)模最大的宮殿式建筑群，海拔3700多米，占地36萬(wàn)平方多平方米。
說(shuō)了那么多，大家還不知道布達(dá)拉宮是由哪幾部分組成的呢。布達(dá)拉宮城包括四大部分：紅宮、白宮、山后的龍王潭，還有山腳下的雪。
紅宮為歷世喇嘛靈塔殿和各類佛堂，位于整個(gè)建筑的中心和頂點(diǎn)。白宮合抱紅宮，有歷世喇嘛的宮殿、大經(jīng)堂、西藏原地方政府噶廈和僧官學(xué)校等。龍王潭為布達(dá)拉宮后園，園林中心有一面積較大的潭水，潭中有小島，島上建有龍王宮和大象房等。雪在布達(dá)拉宮腳下，安置有西藏原地方政府噶廈的監(jiān)獄，印經(jīng)所、作坊及馬廄。
布達(dá)拉宮始建初期規(guī)模并不如現(xiàn)在這樣宏大的，是經(jīng)日后的不斷擴(kuò)建，規(guī)模才逐漸擴(kuò)大。幾世喇嘛先后都參與了宮殿的擴(kuò)建與設(shè)計(jì)，前前后后耗資可謂巨大。直到1936年十三世喇嘛的靈塔殿建成后，才形成布達(dá)拉宮現(xiàn)在的規(guī)模。至此，它就像一個(gè)神秘的符號(hào)，吸引無(wú)數(shù)人義無(wú)反顧地投奔西藏而來(lái)。有幸進(jìn)入到布達(dá)拉宮的人都是非常幸運(yùn)的。
大家看這座建筑，有沒(méi)有覺(jué)得異常的光彩奪目呢，這就是著名的大昭寺了。大昭寺位于拉薩市中心，距今已有1350年的歷史了。是西藏現(xiàn)存最輝煌的吐蕃時(shí)期的建筑，始建于公元647年，由松贊干布、唐文成公主和尼泊爾尺尊公主共同興建，經(jīng)歷多次擴(kuò)建，才形成了如今占地25100多平方米的宏偉規(guī)模。寺里有20多個(gè)殿堂，主殿高四層，鎦金銅瓦頂，輝煌壯觀。具有唐代建筑風(fēng)格，也吸取了尼泊爾和印度建筑的藝術(shù)特色。
關(guān)于大昭寺的來(lái)歷有這樣一段傳說(shuō)。那是1320__年前，那時(shí)的拉薩還是一片荒原與湖沼。藏王為了供奉尼泊爾尺尊公主帶來(lái)的8歲釋迦牟尼等身像，想在這里建一座寺廟。相傳，寺廟是白天建起，夜里就倒塌。寺廟是一直建不起來(lái)。后來(lái)文成公主來(lái)到了這里，因?yàn)槎藐庩?yáng)八卦，就解釋說(shuō)，整個(gè)青藏高原是個(gè)仰臥的羅剎女。這個(gè)魔女呈人形，頭朝東腿朝西仰臥著。大昭寺所在的湖泊正好是羅剎女的心臟，湖水乃其血液。所以文成公主說(shuō)想建寺必須先填湖，首先把魔女的心臟給鎮(zhèn)住。然后她還同時(shí)推薦了另外十二個(gè)小寺廟在邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，鎮(zhèn)住魔女的四肢和各個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)，共建了十三座寺院。
值得一提的是，現(xiàn)在大殿正中供奉著的是文成公主從長(zhǎng)安帶來(lái)的釋迦牟尼12歲等身鍍金銅像。尼泊爾尺尊公主帶去的8歲釋迦牟尼等身像則在八世紀(jì)被轉(zhuǎn)奉在小昭寺里。
藏族人稱頭戴王冠的釋迦牟尼像為“覺(jué)臥”。朝圣者都用前額碰一下“覺(jué)臥”的膝蓋，認(rèn)為可以為自己、為朋友、甚至為朋友的朋友祈禱。偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)來(lái)的信徒替同村人給“覺(jué)臥”獻(xiàn)上捎來(lái)的哈達(dá)，就像給“覺(jué)臥”帶口信一樣。
大昭寺是藏傳佛教的信仰中心，寺廟終日香火繚繞，信徒們虔誠(chéng)的在叩拜，萬(wàn)盞酥油燈長(zhǎng)明，這些都記錄著朝圣者永不止息的足跡。
參觀完了大昭寺當(dāng)然的看看我們古老又熱鬧的八角街了�，F(xiàn)在大家是否已經(jīng)感受到了濃郁的藏族生活氣息了呢?
八角街是帕廓街的音誤。帕廓的意思是圍繞大昭寺的街道。八角街呈圓形，仿佛是一座巨大的時(shí)鐘，輝煌壯麗的大昭寺就是鐘軸。按西藏佛教徒的說(shuō)法，以大昭寺為中心繞一周稱為“轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)”，以示對(duì)供奉在大昭寺內(nèi)的釋迦牟尼佛之朝拜。八角街還是藏傳佛教信徒轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)的最主要的線路，每天都有磕著三步等身長(zhǎng)頭的人來(lái)到這里到大昭寺前朝拜佛祖。這些朝圣者有些甚至是十幾歲的孩子。他們往往都是真正從幾千里外一步一長(zhǎng)頭磕到拉薩來(lái)朝佛的。不但路途遙遠(yuǎn)，而且又不能打零工掙錢，為了朝圣，他們?cè)谕局斜仨毴淌苁智蹇嗟纳睢?/p>
八角街是西藏著名的商業(yè)中心，是西藏重要的商品集散地。目前，八角街內(nèi)有120多家手工藝品商店和200多家攤點(diǎn)。在這里可以淘到各式各樣的好東西，各類藏飾，尼泊爾首飾，小工藝品，地毯，唐卡等。當(dāng)然這里也是美食的天堂。藏餐最富特色。全國(guó)各地各種口味的蔡也有。
好了我的講解呢就到這結(jié)束了，希望大家在拉薩玩的開心。
大昭寺的導(dǎo)游詞 篇2
女士們、先生們：
首先歡迎大家到拉薩旅游，我是你們拉薩之旅的導(dǎo)游王彬，大家可以叫我小王或小彬，皮膚有點(diǎn)黑，是常年在高原的原因吧，但這可是健康的皮膚喲，坐在我旁邊的就是我們的衛(wèi)士級(jí)人物了，扎 西 德 勒師傅了，大家可以簡(jiǎn)稱他是扎德師傅，扎西德勒的意思是- - 吉 祥 如 意，希望各位遠(yuǎn)道而來(lái)的客人們也能事事順心，吉祥如意�，F(xiàn)在我們的目的地是藏學(xué)文化最為渾厚，的神地，也是世界上海拔最高，規(guī)模最大的宮殿群----布達(dá)拉宮，現(xiàn)在汽車距布達(dá)拉宮還有一段車程，大家可以一邊觀賞車外的高原風(fēng)光，一邊聽(tīng)小王我介紹一下布達(dá)拉宮的情況。
“布達(dá)拉”是藏語(yǔ)譯音，即“普陀羅”。相傳，藏傳佛教徒認(rèn)為紅山可與觀世音的圣普陀羅山媲美，就把它比作第二個(gè)普陀羅，布達(dá)拉宮由此得名。布達(dá)拉宮是一座集宮殿與寺院與一體的古建筑群主樓高13層，高113米，海拔3700米;面積約12萬(wàn)平方米。布達(dá)拉宮始建于公元7世紀(jì)，是藏王松贊干布為迎娶的唐朝文成公主而建。，修建殿室999間，連同原有建筑紅樓共1000間。1645(藏歷木虎年)五世喇嘛完成西藏地區(qū)統(tǒng)一，為宣布重建布達(dá)拉宮，以后布達(dá)拉宮又多次增修與改建，始具今日規(guī)模。布達(dá)拉宮城包括四大部分：紅宮、白宮、山后的龍王潭和山腳下的“雪”。在藏傳佛教中宣傳的有“三界”之說(shuō)。我們可以看到布宮的整體布局，把紅宮、白宮和“雪”由上而下分作三個(gè)層次段縱向排列，充分體現(xiàn)了藏傳佛教的“三界”之說(shuō)。好了，我們到了布達(dá)拉宮前廳廣場(chǎng)了，請(qǐng)大家?guī)Ш眯欣睿S我下車。布達(dá)拉宮整體為石木結(jié)構(gòu)宮殿外墻厚達(dá)2～5米，基礎(chǔ)直接埋入巖層。墻身全部用花崗巖砌筑，高達(dá)數(shù)十米，每隔一段距離，中間灌注鐵汁，進(jìn)行加固，提高了墻體抗震能力，堅(jiān)固穩(wěn)定。沿著這些階梯向上，我們就可以到布達(dá)拉宮的薩松郎杰了，階梯比較多又是在高原，所以大家慢點(diǎn)。
我們現(xiàn)在已上到布達(dá)拉宮最高的殿堂，這里被稱為薩松朗杰(意為勝界)，宮殿內(nèi)供的是乾隆皇帝的畫像，畫像前供有皇帝“萬(wàn)歲”的牌位，牌位用漢、藏、滿、蒙4種文字書寫。向西來(lái)我們就到了其美甘丹殿堂，此殿建于1690年，是六世____倉(cāng)央嘉措的經(jīng)堂。六世____是西藏歷史上的著名人物，25歲時(shí)，成為上層統(tǒng)治階級(jí)爭(zhēng)權(quán)犧牲品的倉(cāng)央嘉措，開始了自己的流浪生活。
先后流浪到青海、甘肅、蒙古、四川、印度、尼泊爾等地，曾當(dāng)過(guò)乞丐，送過(guò)尸體，生活極為艱苦。由于接觸過(guò)廣大的勞動(dòng)人民，有豐富的生活實(shí)踐，他從而寫出著名的詩(shī)歌集，這部詩(shī)歌現(xiàn)在被網(wǎng)絡(luò)熱傳，就是《倉(cāng)央嘉措情歌》，記得有首舒緩的詩(shī)，《見(jiàn)與不見(jiàn)》你見(jiàn)，或者不見(jiàn)我 我就在那里 不悲不喜觀過(guò)其美甘丹，我們來(lái)這邊看看宮殿長(zhǎng)廊，布達(dá)拉宮內(nèi)部繪有大量的壁畫，構(gòu)成一座巨大的繪畫藝術(shù)長(zhǎng)廊，先后參加壁畫繪制的近有二百人，先后用去十余年時(shí)間。壁畫的題材有西藏佛教發(fā)展的歷史，無(wú)世達(dá)喇嘛生平，文成公主進(jìn)藏的過(guò)程，我們現(xiàn)在對(duì)布達(dá)拉宮的主體建筑的功能、歷史背景及其地位、文化價(jià)值都有了大致的了解，相信會(huì)給大家留的印象是深刻的。事實(shí)上，以布達(dá)拉宮價(jià)值論，幾乎是用金子堆起的宮殿，它的整體布局顯示了佛法的神威，鼓勵(lì)人們回避現(xiàn)實(shí)矛盾，一心追求超脫塵世，飛向佛國(guó)的境界，布達(dá)拉宮的建筑藝術(shù)，主要顯示了藏族傳統(tǒng)的建筑形式和石木結(jié)構(gòu)等風(fēng)格，同時(shí)也吸收了漢族方面的梁架、斗拱、金頂、藻井等特色。
它不僅是藏族勞動(dòng)人民智慧的結(jié)晶，也是藏漢人民團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作的佐證。為了更好的保護(hù)布達(dá)拉宮這一民族文化遺產(chǎn)，1961年國(guó)務(wù)院把它列為全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位，每年撥款維修，特別是1989年，國(guó)家對(duì)布達(dá)拉宮進(jìn)行歷史性的維修，歷時(shí)5年，先后投資5300萬(wàn)元，派出10多個(gè)省、區(qū)的150多位專家技術(shù)人員直接參加維修工程，維修部位100余處，維修規(guī)模是布達(dá)拉宮重建后(320__年來(lái))最大的一次。工程本著整舊如舊的原則，對(duì)這一民族遺產(chǎn)進(jìn)行及時(shí)有效搶救，使古老的布達(dá)拉宮更具魅力。
大昭寺的導(dǎo)游詞 篇3
從大昭寺金頂可以看到大昭寺廣場(chǎng)，右邊遠(yuǎn)處山上是布達(dá)拉宮，近處的柳樹是“公主柳”，相傳是文成公主所栽。大昭寺的布局方位與漢地佛教的寺院不同，其主殿是坐東面西的。主殿高四層，兩側(cè)列有配殿，布局結(jié)構(gòu)上再現(xiàn)了佛教中曼陀羅壇城的宇宙理想模式。寺院內(nèi)的佛殿主要有釋迦牟尼殿、宗喀巴大師殿、松贊干布殿、班旦拉姆殿（格魯派的護(hù)法神）、神羊熱姆杰姆殿、藏王殿等等。寺內(nèi)擁有各種木雕、壁畫。
從大昭寺正門而去是天井式院落是藏傳佛教中“格西”（藏傳佛教中的高級(jí)學(xué)位，相當(dāng)于博士）的產(chǎn)生地。公元1409年，黃教開山鼻祖宗喀巴在大昭寺創(chuàng)立傳昭大法會(huì)，并將之確立為藏傳佛教界最大的法事活動(dòng)，從此黃教聲名鵲起。法會(huì)期間各大寺廟的僧人云集此院，觀看被寺廟推選出的杰出僧人進(jìn)行激烈的答辯。院落東側(cè)有數(shù)排酥油燈，白天也總是長(zhǎng)明不滅。由這里各個(gè)家庭的人負(fù)責(zé)加酥油。
酥油燈后是大昭寺主殿正門，大昭寺最早的建筑都從正門開始；外院是后來(lái)修建、擴(kuò)充的，而主殿是1400多年前的建筑。由于多年信徒的摩擦，門口的石頭地板光亮如鏡。大殿左右各有一尊巨大的佛像。左側(cè)為紅教創(chuàng)始人密宗大師蓮花生，他本來(lái)是印度的佛學(xué)家，公元八世紀(jì)進(jìn)藏，在他入藏以后藏區(qū)開始出現(xiàn)密宗。右側(cè)是未來(lái)佛。
在西墻與北墻拐角之處矗立了一座白塔，據(jù)說(shuō)這座白塔是在修建大昭寺之前，從臥塘湖中所顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。南側(cè)第一間小殿，端坐著八大“東方凈琉璃世界的教主”一藥師佛。緊挨小殿，是手置耳側(cè)，白教創(chuàng)始人之一一米拉日巴的塑像。小殿內(nèi)置三世佛。轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)第二間殿是觀世音殿。當(dāng)?shù)厝斯B(yǎng)佛的方式很虔誠(chéng)，在殿內(nèi)經(jīng)常能遇到當(dāng)?shù)匾恍┘彝ソo觀世音菩薩臉上涂金粉。此殿右側(cè)有松贊干布及尺尊、文成公主塑像。
在藏民族的心目中，松贊干布和文成公主是菩薩變成了國(guó)王和王后來(lái)教化藏族人的。兩位公主體貌端莊，其中前面發(fā)髻高挽、典型的大唐女子就是文成公主。在南墻與東墻拐彎之處，有宗喀巴及其他教派的諸位宗師。東墻第一間佛殿是無(wú)量光佛。
轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)殿角是一副壁畫，內(nèi)容是七世紀(jì)松贊干布和公主組織的一個(gè)慶典活動(dòng)，是為了大昭寺竣工的開光典禮，實(shí)際上是一個(gè)七世紀(jì)傳統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的情景。包括摔跤、牦牛舞、面具舞、射箭等等。壁畫左側(cè)的山就是藥王山，上有電視塔。畫上面的是原來(lái)的藏醫(yī)學(xué)院，上面的白塔就是布達(dá)拉宮前面的廣場(chǎng)側(cè)的佛塔，原來(lái)是拉薩城的西大門。壁畫右側(cè)便是最早只有兩棟主要建筑的布達(dá)拉宮，也就是松贊干布建的王宮。
繞大殿一周共有380個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)筒，一個(gè)緊挨一個(gè)。邊走邊推動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)筒是很多虔誠(chéng)的信徒必做的功課。
由正門進(jìn)大昭寺后沿順時(shí)針?lè)较蜻M(jìn)入一寬闊的露天庭院，這里曾是規(guī)模盛大的拉薩祈愿大法會(huì)“默朗欽莫”的場(chǎng)所。屆時(shí)拉薩三大寺的數(shù)萬(wàn)僧人云集于此，齊為眾生幸福與社會(huì)安定而祈禱，同時(shí)還舉行辯經(jīng)、驅(qū)鬼、迎諸彌勒佛等活動(dòng)。“默朗欽莫”始于公元1409年，最宗喀巴大師為紀(jì)念釋迦牟尼以神變之法大敗六種外道的功德，召集各寺院、各教派僧眾，于藏歷正月期間在大昭寺內(nèi)舉行祝福祝愿的法會(huì)而建成的。庭院四周的柱廊廊壁與轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)回廊廊壁上的壁畫，因滿繪千佛佛像而被稱為千佛廊。整座大昭寺的壁畫有4400余平方米。
從庭院出來(lái)，到側(cè)門的售票處，有樓梯可以直通二樓和三樓的平臺(tái)。二樓只在早上開放。松贊干布的法王殿也在二樓的西南角。里面供有藏王松贊干布、文成公主，尼泊爾尺尊公主、大臣祿東贊等塑像，也是早期的作品。二三樓之間有班丹拉姆護(hù)法神殿，這是大昭寺和整個(gè)拉薩城的護(hù)法女神。二樓天井的東北角有一個(gè)梯子，通向三樓的小門，是上金頂?shù)娜肟�。大殿的三樓平時(shí)不對(duì)外開放，僧人們?cè)谶@里打坐修行。頂層四座巨大的金頂分別建于14世紀(jì)中葉和17世紀(jì)。
繼續(xù)右繞，穿過(guò)兩邊的夜叉殿和龍王殿，數(shù)百盞點(diǎn)燃的酥油供燈的后面便是著名的“覺(jué)康”佛殿。它既是大昭寺的主體，也是大昭寺的精佛之所在。佛堂呈密閉院落式，樓高四層，中央為大經(jīng)堂。藏傳達(dá)室佛教信徒認(rèn)為拉薩是世界的中心，而宇宙的核心便在于此處。這里是大昭寺僧人誦經(jīng)修法的場(chǎng)所。從大經(jīng)堂正可遙遙看見(jiàn)造型精美的千手千眼觀世音塑像，兩側(cè)有兩尊佛像，左為蓮花生，右為強(qiáng)巴佛塑像。大經(jīng)堂的四周俱為小型佛堂，除位于正中心的釋迦牟尼佛堂外，開間均不大但布置簡(jiǎn)潔。釋迦牟尼佛堂是大昭寺的核心，這里是朝圣者最終的向往。此殿供奉的釋迦像是文成公主所帶的佛像。
沿千佛廊繞“覺(jué)康”佛殿轉(zhuǎn)一圈“囊廓”方為圓滿。拉薩主要的轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)活動(dòng)都是以大昭寺的釋迦牟尼佛為中心而進(jìn)行的，除“內(nèi)圈”外圍繞大昭寺則為“中圈”即“八廓”，也就是古老而熱鬧的商業(yè)街——八角街；圍繞大昭寺、藥王山、布達(dá)拉宮、小昭寺為“外圈”，即“林廓”，已繞拉薩城大半。
在拉薩，藏族人也喜歡將以大昭寺為主的八角街一帶稱為“拉薩”，藏文意思是佛地，你還可以看到朝拜者在大昭寺門口磕長(zhǎng)頭，場(chǎng)面感人，可見(jiàn)大昭寺在拉薩人的心目中的地位之高，還有更多的人每天圍繞著大昭寺轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)，很多僧人也在大昭寺附近擺開架勢(shì)，向過(guò)路的人唱經(jīng)化緣。
大昭寺的導(dǎo)游詞 篇4
Hello, everyone! First of all, welcome to our company. Please let me sayhello to you in Tibetan: "zaxidler"! I'll explain to you that it means goodluck. Today we are going to visit the famous Jokhang Temple, which is located inthe center of Lhasa's old city. It has a history of 1350 years. It is the mostsplendid building in Tibet during the Tuzhu period. It was built in 647 ad, andwas jointly built by Songzanganbu, Princess Tang Wencheng and princess Chizun ofNepal. After several generations of expansion, it has formed a grand scale ofmore than 25100 square meters. It has five golden roofs and 108 Buddhisttemples. It governs the five major sects of Tibetan Buddhism, such as Bon,Ningma, Sakya, Gaju and Gelu, as well as the statues of Buddha, Bodhisattva,Buddha, patriarch and Dharma protector worshipped by various sects.
Dear tourists, when we walk out of the Sutra library, we can see themagnificent wild goose pagoda. When you see this Tang Dynasty building, you mustbe both surprised and curious. First of all, why is the tower named aftergeese?
Now we come to the important Hall of yongzhonglin temple, tongzhuilakang."Tongzhuilakang" means to see, "zhuilakang" means liberation. Tongzhuilakangcovers an area of 80 square meters. There are a pair of silver lamps and amandala in the hall, each made of 70 silver dollars (cast in 1993). In thecenter of the mural is the portrait of Jiangun dawajenzan, surrounded by thethousand Buddha statues of the Bon patriarch dunbaxinrao. The Lingta hall, withan area of more than 40 square meters, is used for Jiangun dawajenzan's Lingta,which is 5 meters high and is embedded in two kilograms of gold; There are alsothousands of dunbaxinrao and Tangka of the original Buddha and Bodhisattva sentby Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province, with the throne of the abbot of the temple;the hall of practice is dedicated to the Dharma God, and there is a coppergilded stupa of Jiangzhong dawajianzan, in which the hands, feet and magicweapons of Jiangzhong dawajianzan are stored.
There is a legend about the origin of the Jokhang Temple. It was 1300 yearsago, when the Lhasa plain was still a wasteland and lake. Chizun, Nepaleseconcubine of the Tibetan king Songzanganbu, tried to build a temple here tosupport the eight year old statue of Sakyamuni Buddha that she brought from herhometown. Her efforts did not succeed: the temple was built in the day andcollapsed at night; it was built today and collapsed tomorrow. Just whenPrincess Ni was distressed and depressed, Princess Wencheng came here fromChang'an after many hardships. When Chizun heard that Princess Wencheng knew theeight trigrams of yin and Yang and was good at surveying the terrain, he senthis maid to bring a gift of gold powder to Princess Wencheng's residence foradvice. After surveying and calculating, Wencheng found that the terrain ofTibet is like a huge witch lying on her back. The center of Lhasa city is theheart of the witch, and Wotang Lake (milk Lake) is the work of the witch.Filling the lake and building a temple here can suppress the devil. Historicalrecords: "in order to control the limbs of the female devil lying on her back,people nailed her with 12 nails to fix her." These 12 nails are said to be the12 pillars in the main hall of the Jokhang Temple. In order to build a templededicated to Sakyamuni, it is necessary to mobilize lOOO white goats to carryearth and rock from the gogala mountain in the northern suburbs and fill theWotang lake.
Songzanganbu and the Nepalese Princess adopted the idea of PrincessWencheng, collected many folk men and 1000 white goats, and began to fill thelake to build the temple. At that time, from the lakeside construction site tothe foot of the guogela mountain, there was an endless stream of white goatscarrying earth and rock. The journey was too far and the load was too heavy.Many goats fell by the side of the road, and many more were worn out. When thetemple opened, Songzan Ganbu and his two concubines remembered the merits andsacrifices of the white goat, and ordered the craftsmen to carve a white goatand place it in a corner of the main hall, so that it could enjoy the pilgrimageand sacrifice of believers like other gods in the temple. The temple is alsonamed "raaqulangzulakan", which means "Sakyamuni Temple of the goat's negativeland".
Now, in front of the entrance to the main entrance of the Jokhang Temple,there are two stone tablets. This is the Tang fan alliance tablet, also known as"Changqing alliance tablet" or "nephew and alliance tablet". The stele is 342 cmhigh, 82 cm wide and 35 cm thick. It is carved in Chinese and Tibetancharacters. It was built in 823 AD by Zanpu of Tubo to commemorate the Tang Huileague from the first year to the second year of Changqing. According to theinscription, "uncle and nephew are the two masters who discuss the unity of thecountry and establish a great peace treaty. There will never be a replacementfor Chongqing. God and man have been known and praised from generation togeneration." The inscription emphasizes that Tang Wencheng and Princess Jinchengmarried Tubo Zanpu and concluded a good marriage between uncle and nephew;traces the history and achievements of Tang and Tubo, and records the process ofthe alliance, the date of its establishment, and the list of officials whoparticipated in the alliance. It is a valuable cultural relic in the history ofHan and Tibet. The other is the "stone tablet for persuading people tovaccinate". It is 3.3 meters high and 1.2 meters wide. The forehead of the stonetablet is engraved with the pattern of two dragons playing with pearls. It waswritten by He Lin, Minister of Tibet in 1794. During the reign of EmperorQianlong, smallpox was prevalent in Tibet, resulting in many deaths. Theminister and Lin ordered people to build houses in northern Tibet for smallpoxpatients, which made many patients return. He Lin also urged the Dalai Lama andthe Panchen Lama to set aside food rations as a rule, and then set up this "acnemonument.". As a result of superstition, the common people often use pebbles tosmash. Over the years, they have been bruised and formed many mortar shapedpits. Most of the characters are damaged and illegible. The famous "tangliu" isplanted on both sides of the Tang fan alliance stele. It is said that PrincessWencheng brought the willow branches given by the empress in Baqiao of Chang'anto Tibet and planted them around the Jokhang Temple, so it is also called"Princess Liu". Princess Liu has a history of more than 1300 years. Although ithas withered, it is still cherished by people. It is said that there was nowillow in Tibet, but now willows all over the country are developed from theseedlings brought by Princess Wencheng.
Dazhao temple sits east to west, the temple is four stories high, and thetop of the temple is covered with a unique golden roof. Lotus, flying sky andanimals are carved on the border of the hall door, which has the architecturalstyle of the Tang Dynasty. Under the eaves of the second and third floors of themain hall, there are rows of woodcarving Fu beast and mud semicircle sculptureswith Sphinx. Interestingly enough, the nose of the Sphinx is flat. There is alsoa magical legend here: during the construction of the Jokhang Temple, SongzanGanbu personally wielded his axe to the beam, which shocked the nine gods tocome to help. One day, when the maid was delivering tea, she saw that the beamwas full of Songzan dry cloth. She couldn't help but be surprised and quicklytold Princess Chizun. Princess Chizun came to the construction site and yelled"Zanpu". Hearing this, Songzanganbu turned his head and looked down. With an axein his hand, she flattened the nose of the lion on the eaves. As you can see,the whole building is exquisitely carved with flying eaves, which not onlypreserves the traditional Tibetan architectural form and characteristics, butalso integrates the rich and simple style of Tang Dynasty architecture.
At night, when the lights are dim, you can enjoy the beautiful tropicalrainforest square, take a walk on the soft beach along the coast, and listen tothe shallow singing of Dadonghai.
Now we enter from the main gate into the rear gate and clockwise into awide open courtyard. This is the place where Lhasa's great Dharma Assembly isheld. Here, I would like to briefly introduce the Church of summoning Dafa.Every year, from the fourth to the 24th day of the first month of the Tibetancalendar, there is a large-scale Dharma Assembly. At that time, tens ofthousands of monks from the three major temples in Lhasa gather in gouzhaotemple to hold a variety of religious activities. The mission of Dafa began in1409, when Tibetan Buddhism was preached
Namco Lake is the largest inland lake in Tibet, which is mainly supplied bynatural precipitation and melting ice and snow. The lake area has lessprecipitation, strong sunshine and large water evaporation. The lake water isbitter and salty, and can not be drunk. It is the second largest salt water lakein China after Qinghai Lake.
In order to commemorate Sakyamuni Buddha's success in defeating six kindsof heretics with the method of divine change, the founder of the Gelug Sect,Zong Kaba, convened monks from various temples to hold a Dharma meeting in theJokhang Temple for 15 days. Prayer and chanting is the main activity of calling.Under the leadership of the master, thousands of monks chant in a well-trainedchest voice. The voice is like the tide of the sea. It has a soul stirring powerand the scene is extremely spectacular. The most winning project is the opendebate of kaogesi in songqure square on the south side of Jokhang Temple. Gexiis the highest degree of Gelug Sect in Tibetan Buddhism. All the monks presentcan take turns to challenge the examinees and argue with him about Confucianclassics. This kind of debate is rhythmic and musical. It is supplemented byhigh fives, shouts, non-stop painting, and long strings of rosary beads flyingwith gestures, which makes a very wonderful scene.
The wall of the colonnade around the courtyard and the wall of the turningcorridor are called thousand Buddha corridor because they are full of Buddhastatues. The mural mainly describes the life stories of Sakyamuni Buddha andzongkaba, the reformer of Tibetan Buddhism and the founder of Gelug Sect. Amural on the west wall depicts the talks between the fifth Dalai Lama, GushiKhan and the second sangjiejiacuo. The rest depicts the 1000 Buddhas to appearin the temple. The murals cover an area of 4400 square meters, coveringreligious stories, biographies of historical figures, commemorative portraits,important historical events, Tibetan customs and folklore, etc. The pictures ofPrincess Wencheng entering Tibet, the construction of the Jokhang Temple, andthe white goat carrying earth are all treasures in the murals of the JokhangTemple.
Now what we are going to do is to turn the Sutra inside. Buddhists turn theSutra clockwise along the Buddhist sacred objects. If the statue of Sakyamuni istaken as the center, Lhasa has three turning paths: inner, middle and outer. Theouter turning road is called "linkuo", which is a turning road along the oldcity of Lhasa. The transit road is called "bakuo", which is the route along theJokhang Temple. The neizhuanjing road is the one around the Jokhang Temple. Thewalls on both sides of the road are painted with 108 stories of Buddha Bensheng.These stories are drawn on the basis of "Ruyi Baoshu", the biography ofSakyamuni, written by Kashmir poet kesmendala, and ordered by the 13th DalaiLama in the early 20th century.
We are now going to visit these important Buddhist temples and sutras hallsin a clockwise direction. Across the inner hall of the Zhaosi temple, there areseveral large statues. On the left is master lianhuasheng, and on the right isMaitreya (future Buddha). A little behind these two statues is the dry handthousand eye Avalokitesvara. On the right side of the main Maitreya Buddha aretwo Maitreya Buddhas facing inward. For example, the smaller one is funded bythe Bashi family, so it is called "Bashi Qiangba", while the larger one isfunded by the noble polamiwang, so it is called "Miwang Qiangba".
Zongkaba and its eight disciples Hall: this Buddhist hall was built inmemory of zongkaba, the founder of Gelug Sect. The main statue in the center ofthe temple is zongkaba. The other eight statues are his eight disciples. The twomost famous disciples, Ke Zhujie and Jia Caojie, are located on the left andright sides of zongkaba statue. When zongkaba grew older and went to the remotecave for seclusion, these eight disciples were there to serve him.
In addition, the Gandan Temple treasures the armor given by EmperorQianlong of the Qing Dynasty and the brocade embroidered Tang Dynasty by EmperorYongle of the Ming Dynasty. The armor inlaid with gold and silver treasures wasgiven to Tibet by Emperor Qianlong in 1757 as a tribute to Zong Kaba, theancestor of the Yellow religion. The helmet is also illustrated in Han, Manchu,Mongolian and Tibetan characters. It is a treasure with high artistic andhistorical value. The brocade Tang Dynasty is a gift given by Emperor Yongle ofMing Dynasty to Shiying Yixi, the king of the great mercy Dharma. There are 24brocade paintings of Sakyamuni Buddha, the eighteen Arhats, and the fourheavenly kings. After the king of the great mercy Dharma returned to Tibet, theywere immediately presented to the supreme master Kaba. These embroidered statuesare displayed for three weeks every year on the 15th of June in the Tibetancalendar, which is called "Gan Dan embroidery Tang Festival". On the morning ofJune 15 of the Tibetan calendar, the monks of the whole temple chanted. Afterthe ceremony, the "Hui Gong Fa Hui" (commonly known as "Chuan Xiao Zhao") washeld. 16 young monks carried the 26 meter long and 10 meter wide Tang Ka ofSakyamuni statue to the exhibition platform for exhibition. Half an hour later,they collected it and sent it back to the yangbaqian Temple for collection. Thenthey took out 24 brocade Tang paintings for the four Buddhists to look forwardto. At the same time, they performed Tibetan opera, song and dance. The festivalatmosphere was very strong.
Shenbian Tower: it is said that in the 7th century, Songzanganbu threw thering into the air, and the site of the Jokhang Temple was determined by theplace where the ring fell. The ring fell into Wotang lake, and a white pagodarose from the lake, indicating that a suitable Temple site had been found. Inthe 13th century, Sakya Banzhida built a white tower according to the appearanceof the illusory white tower. Later, the tower was destroyed. Now the main toweris rebuilt to replace the white tower built by Sakya Banzhida.
Eight pharmacists Buddha Hall: the main hall is dedicated to the eightpharmacists who are respected as the God of medicine. When they are sick orpraying for health, believers think that worshiping this Buddhist temple canhelp them get rid of illness and improve their health.
Western China Film and television city is also known as "OrientalHollywood". It is located in Beibao, a suburb of Yinchuan, two kilometers awayfrom Huaxia rare art city. It used to be an abandoned Ming Dynasty castle in thedesert of Western China, surrounded by many places of interest. The following isa collection of tour guide words about Huaxia western film and Television City,welcome to read!
Avalokitesvara: Avalokitesvara is compassionate. His hands and eyes are farfrom meeting the needs of saving all living beings. Therefore, in order toimprove his efficiency in doing good deeds, he has transformed intoAvalokitesvara. It is said that this Guanyin with dry hands and eyes appearedmiraculously in the period of Songzanganbu. Another way of saying is that afterSongzanganbu and his two princesses died, their gods were inhaled into thisBuddha statue. This temple is the most sacred one except Shizun hall.
大昭寺的導(dǎo)游詞 篇5
Ladies and gentlemen
First of all, welcome to Lhasa. I'm Wang Bin, the tour guide of Lhasa. Youcan call me Xiao Wang or Xiao bin. My skin is a little dark, which is the reasonwhy I'm on the plateau all the year round. But it's healthy skin. Sitting nextto me is our guard, master zaxidler. You can call him master zaxidler for short.Zaxidler means -- Good luck and good luck. I hope all the guests who come fromafar will have good luck. Now our destination is Potala Palace, the highest andlargest palace group in the world with the most profound Tibetan culture. Nowthe car is still a short drive away from Potala Palace. You can enjoy theplateau scenery outside the car while listening to Xiao Wang's introduction toPotala Palace.
"Potala" is a Tibetan translation, namely "Putuo". According to legend,Tibetan Buddhists believe that Hongshan is comparable to Guanyin's Mount St.Putuo, so they compare it to the second Putuo, hence the name of Potala Palace.Potala Palace is an ancient building group integrating palaces and temples. Themain building is 13 stories high, 113 meters high, 3700 meters above sea level,and covers an area of 120000 square meters. Potala Palace was built in the 7thcentury in order to marry Princess Wencheng of Tang Dynasty. 999 rooms werebuilt and 1000 red mansions were built. 1645 (the year of Muji in Tibetancalendar) V completed the unification of Tibet. In order to announce thereconstruction of the Potala Palace, the Potala Palace has been renovated andrebuilt many times since then, and it has begun to take on today's scale. ThePotala Palace City consists of four parts: the Red Palace, the White House, theDragon King pool behind the mountain and the "Snow" at the foot of the mountain.In Tibetan Buddhism, there is the theory of "three realms". The three realms are"desire", "desire" and "nothingness". We can see the overall layout of thebugong, which divides the Red Palace, the White House and "Snow" into threelevels from top to bottom, and arranges them vertically, which fully embodiesthe theory of "three realms" of Tibetan Buddhism. OK, we are at the front hallsquare of Potala Palace. Please take your luggage and get off with me. Theoverall structure of Potala Palace is made of stone and wood. The outer wall ofthe palace is 2-5 meters thick, and the foundation is directly embedded in therock. All the walls are built of granite, up to tens of meters high. Iron juiceis poured into the middle of the walls every certain distance for reinforcement,which improves the anti-seismic capacity of the walls and makes them firm andstable. Up these stairs, we can get to Sassoon Langjie in Potala Palace. Thereare many stairs and they are on the plateau, so please slow down.
Now we have reached the highest Hall of Potala Palace, which is calledsasonglangjie (meaning Shengjie). Inside the palace is a portrait of EmperorQianlong. In front of the portrait is a memorial tablet of the emperor "longlive". The memorial tablet is written in Chinese, Tibetan, Manchu and Mongolian.To the west, we come to the qimeigandan hall, which was built in 1690 and wasthe Sutra Hall of the sixth emperor Cangyangjiacuo. At the age of 25,Cangyangjiacuo, the victim of the upper ruling class, began his wanderinglife.
He wandered to Qinghai, Gansu, Mongolia, Sichuan, India, Nepal and otherplaces successively. He once worked as a beggar and sent corpses. His life wasextremely hard. Because of his contact with the working people and rich lifepractice, he wrote a famous collection of poems. This poem is now popular on theInternet, which is "cangyang Jiacuo love song". I remember a soothing poem, "seeor don't see" you see or don't see me, I'm not sad or happy there After watchingits beautiful Gandan, let's take a look at the palace corridor. There are alarge number of murals inside the Potala Palace, which constitute a huge Galleryof painting art. Nearly 200 people have participated in the mural painting,which has taken more than ten years. The themes of the murals include thehistory of the development of Buddhism in Tibet, the life of wushida Lama andthe process of Princess Wencheng's entering Tibet. Now we have a generalunderstanding of the function, historical background, status and cultural valueof the main building of Potala Palace. I believe it will leave a deep impressionon you. In fact, according to the value theory of Potala Palace, it is almost apalace made of gold. Its overall layout shows the divine power of Buddhism, andencourages people to avoid contradictions in reality, pursue transcendence andfly to the realm of Buddhism, The architectural art of the Potala Palace mainlyshows the traditional Tibetan architectural form and the style of stone and woodstructure, and also absorbs the characteristics of the Han nationality, such asbeam frame, Dou Gong, Jinding, caisson and so on.
It is not only the crystallization of Tibetan working people's wisdom, butalso the evidence of Tibetan and Han people's unity and cooperation. In order tobetter protect the Potala Palace, a national cultural heritage, the StateCouncil listed it as a national key cultural relic protection unit in 1961, andallocated funds for maintenance every year. Especially in 1989, the statecarried out a historic maintenance of the Potala Palace, which lasted for fiveyears, invested 53 million yuan, and sent more than 150 experts and techniciansfrom more than 10 provinces and regions to directly participate in themaintenance project, with more than 100 maintenance parts The scale ofmaintenance is the largest since the reconstruction of the Potala Palace. Inline with the principle of keeping the old as it is, the project has carried outtimely and effective rescue of this national heritage, making the ancient PotalaPalace more attractive.