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怎樣準(zhǔn)備英語(yǔ)演講稿

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-11-13

怎樣準(zhǔn)備英語(yǔ)演講稿

  根據(jù)聽(tīng)眾對(duì)象,注意演講的總體措詞

  演講的總體措詞是嚴(yán)肅一些還是活潑一些,是有較明顯的說(shuō)教口氣還是用平等的口吻,等等,都要根據(jù)聽(tīng)眾對(duì)象而定。如果場(chǎng)下聽(tīng)眾是同齡的學(xué)生,那么演講的內(nèi)容只要風(fēng)趣一些往往就能引起共鳴。但另一方面,如果聽(tīng)眾大多是上了年紀(jì)的教師,太多的笑料反而會(huì)被認(rèn)為“不嚴(yán)肅”,“不尊重”,而引起反感。

  用英語(yǔ)演講,不要用太多 i feel, i think,老是用i,顯得十分主觀,狹隘。如果通篇全是 i feel, i think 的內(nèi)容,會(huì)給人覺(jué)得缺乏說(shuō)服力。另外,perhaps, maybe 這樣的詞語(yǔ),雖然有“客氣,謙虛”的成分,但太多會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得你演講的內(nèi)容有不可靠之處。

  還有,在演講中,要少用you,多用we。用you等于把自己與聽(tīng)眾對(duì)立起來(lái),而用we則拉近了與聽(tīng)眾的距離。比如:you should not smoke.聽(tīng)上去像教訓(xùn)人,而 let's not smoke聽(tīng)起來(lái)是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的建議。 

  2.演講要越短越好

  英語(yǔ)演講應(yīng)該簡(jiǎn)潔扼要,直截了當(dāng)。除非特別需要,一般不要采用中文中的那種迂回曲折的表達(dá)形式。據(jù)有關(guān)專家統(tǒng)計(jì),一般人的注意力一次只能集中約13分鐘。所以,演講長(zhǎng)度以10~15分鐘為宜。下面是美國(guó)總統(tǒng)林肯所作的著名的蓋茨堡演說(shuō),雖然全文只有短短200多個(gè)詞,卻帶有振奮人心、扭轉(zhuǎn)乾坤般的力量。其中 of the people, by the people, for the people(民有,民治,民享)已成為不朽佳句。對(duì)于中學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),這篇演講現(xiàn)在讀起來(lái)一定會(huì)覺(jué)得很難,但要寫(xiě)好英語(yǔ)演講,這確實(shí)是值得認(rèn)真研讀的經(jīng)典之作。 

  其實(shí),我們中學(xué)生練習(xí)寫(xiě)演講稿,可以短些,從4~5分鐘,500~600個(gè)詞,圍繞一個(gè)主題開(kāi)始練習(xí)。

  3.英語(yǔ)演講稿的基本組成部分

  從大的方面看,英語(yǔ)演講詞實(shí)際上是屬于一種特殊的說(shuō)明文或議論文,其基本組成部分是: 

  1)開(kāi)始時(shí)對(duì)聽(tīng)眾的稱呼語(yǔ)

  最常用的是 ladies and gentlemen,也可根據(jù)不同情況,選用 fellow students, distinguished guests, mr chairman, honorable judges(評(píng)委)等等。

  2)提出論題

  由于演講的時(shí)間限制,必須開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山,提出論題。提出論題的方法有各種各樣,但最生動(dòng),最能引起注意的是用舉例法。比如:你要呼吁大家關(guān)心貧窮地區(qū)的孩子,你可以用親眼看到的或者收集到的那些貧窮孩子多么需要幫助的實(shí)例開(kāi)始。另外,用具體的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)也是一個(gè)有效的引出論題的方法,比如:你要談遵守交通規(guī)則的話題,你可以從舉一系列有關(guān)車輛、車禍等的數(shù)據(jù)開(kāi)始。

  3)論證

  對(duì)提出的論題,不可主觀地妄下結(jié)論,而要進(jìn)行客觀的論證。這是演講中最需要下功夫的部分。關(guān)鍵是要把道理講清楚。常見(jiàn)的論證方法有舉例法、因果法、對(duì)比法等等,可參見(jiàn)英語(yǔ)議論文的有關(guān)章節(jié)。

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