2021年高考英語專題之寫作基礎(chǔ)知識
從歷年高考寫作題來看, 特別是基礎(chǔ)寫作, 要點(diǎn)都是一目了然的, 寫什么, 對于考生來說不是問題, 問題是不知如何寫。
實(shí)踐證明, 只有寫出正確地道的句子, 才有可能把文章寫好。磨刀不誤砍柴功, 寫作需練基本功。你有了扎實(shí)的基本功, 不管是基礎(chǔ)寫作還是讀寫任務(wù), 也不管考什么作文題, 你都能得高分。因此, 從某種意義上說, 我們不必刻意追求猜題押題, 而應(yīng)腳踏實(shí)地地去練好基本功, 這才是高考高分的備考上策。
【基本句型特訓(xùn)】
這里的基本句型包括簡單句的五個基本句型和there be句型。
所謂簡單句就是由一個主語 (包括并列主語)和一個謂語 (包括并列謂語) 組成的句子, 即一個主謂關(guān)系的句子。
特別提醒: 根據(jù)歷年高考閱卷的情況, 考生寫句子最易犯的錯是: 不用be時卻用了, 或者該用be時卻沒用。因此, 我們須注意:
1. 英語句子通常要有謂語動詞, 否則就不完整。如表達(dá) “他很累”, 不能說He very tired.
而要說He is very tired. 因為tired是形容詞, 句中無動詞。切記: 當(dāng)句子意思完整, 但句中沒有動詞時, 一定要加上be。
2. 當(dāng)句中已有謂語動詞時, 若不是進(jìn)行時態(tài)或被動語態(tài), 一定不要再用be。如表達(dá) “他昨天來過這里”, 不能說He was came here yesterday. 而要說He came here yesterday.
[課堂練習(xí)]
用基本句型翻譯下列各組句子, 然后合并成一篇通順自然的5句話的短文。
●心中有夢:
單句翻譯
1. David 7歲了。 (主系表)
2. 他有一個夢想。 (主謂賓)
3. 他想在天上飛。 (主謂賓)
4. 他做了一架紙飛機(jī)。 (主謂雙賓)
5. 他完成了作業(yè)。 (主謂賓)
6. 他玩紙飛機(jī)。 (主謂)
7. 有一天, 天上有一架飛機(jī)在飛。 (there be句型)
8. 他的父親鼓勵他努力學(xué)習(xí)成為飛行員。 (主謂賓賓補(bǔ))
9. 他非常努力地學(xué)習(xí)。 (主謂)
10. 十八年后他實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的夢想。 (主謂賓)
合并成文
______________________________________________________________________________________________
【標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案】
1. David was seven years old.
2. He had a dream.
3. He wanted to fly in the sky.
4. He made himself a paper plane.
5. He finished homework.
6. He always played with the paper plane.
7. There was a plane flying in the sky.
8. His father encouraged him to study hard and be a pilot.
9. He worked very hard at his lessons.
10. He made his dream come true 18 years later.
合并成文: When David was seven years old, he dreamed of flying in the sky. Having finished his homework, he made himself a paper plane to play with. One day, there was a plane flying in the sky. His father
encouraged him to be a pilot in the future. It was by working hard that he made his dream come true eighteen years later.