關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞（通用9篇）

關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞 篇1

　　各位親愛(ài)的朋友，我是旅行社導(dǎo)游小王，首先我代表旅行社歡迎大家!今天我們將要參觀的景點(diǎn)是十三陵，它是著名的一個(gè)皇帝陵墓群，里面涉及到豐富的歷史知識(shí)，所以請(qǐng)大家仔細(xì)聆聽(tīng)導(dǎo)游詞介紹。

　　明十三陵是世界上埋葬皇帝最多、保存最完整的古代皇帝陵墓群，陵區(qū)內(nèi)葬的是明朝的十三位皇帝，二十三位皇后及諸多嬪妃、太子和公主等。好了，說(shuō)到這里可能大家有疑問(wèn)了，明朝總共十六位皇帝呀，為什么是十三陵呢?請(qǐng)聽(tīng)導(dǎo)游詞講解。是這樣的，明朝開(kāi)國(guó)時(shí)定都南京，所以皇帝朱元璋葬在南京，而他的孫子朱允炆被朱棣奪去皇位之后，不知所蹤，也無(wú)法建陵。還有后來(lái)的景泰皇帝，他與兄弟爭(zhēng)奪皇位，最后被降級(jí)為王，失去了資格。所以今天的十三陵里面埋葬的只有十三位皇帝。大家了解了嗎?

　　各位現(xiàn)在往這邊看——這是十三陵的標(biāo)志性建筑物石牌坊，至今已有四百多年歷史了�，F(xiàn)在往前看，這是十三陵的正門——大宮門，皇帝每次祭陵就要在大宮門前下馬進(jìn)入。

　　好了，我們面前的就是長(zhǎng)陵了。長(zhǎng)陵是朱棣和徐皇后的陵墓，也是最大、年代最久的陵墓。接著看到的是定陵，我們進(jìn)定陵地宮看一看。這地宮總面積為1195平方米，分為前、中、后、左、右五個(gè)大殿�，F(xiàn)在我們看到的就是地宮的精華部分了，這些全部都是皇帝生前的用品，珍貴奢侈，大家都嘆為觀止了吧!

　　說(shuō)到長(zhǎng)陵，它是明十三陵中的第一座陵，始建于1409年，在1416年全部建成，是明成祖永樂(lè)皇帝朱棣和徐皇后的合葬墓。朱棣是明太祖朱元璋的第四個(gè)兒子，當(dāng)朱元璋死后，朱棣就以靖難為名，從北平發(fā)兵攻下南京，并且從當(dāng)時(shí)的皇帝朱允文手中奪得了皇位，改年號(hào)為永樂(lè)，這件事歷史上稱之為靖難之役。朱棣是一位很了不起的皇帝，當(dāng)了皇帝以后仍然為了鞏固明朝的統(tǒng)治而連年征戰(zhàn)，并且在1420年做出了遷都北京的重大決定。在他所統(tǒng)治的明朝年間，國(guó)庫(kù)充實(shí)，政局穩(wěn)定，而且還命人寫作了《永樂(lè)大典》這部我國(guó)歷史上最大的類書(shū)，派鄭和七下西洋，發(fā)展了各國(guó)之間友好關(guān)系。而他的賢內(nèi)助徐皇后，也就是明朝開(kāi)國(guó)元?jiǎng)仔爝_(dá)的女兒也是一位有中國(guó)古典美的女性，她曾經(jīng)編寫了《內(nèi)訓(xùn)》和《勸善》用以化育人心，在用了五年的時(shí)候病逝了。值得一提的是葬入長(zhǎng)陵的第一個(gè)人并不是朱棣，而是徐皇后。長(zhǎng)陵共占地10公頃，中軸線由陵恩門，陵恩殿，明樓，寶城和寶頂共同組成。陵墓共有三進(jìn)院，第一進(jìn)院是從陵門道陵恩門，可以看到左右兩側(cè)各有一個(gè)小碑亭，但當(dāng)時(shí)上面都沒(méi)有文字，現(xiàn)在的文字是清順治皇帝寫上的。陵恩殿坐落在陵墓的第二進(jìn)院落中，在1412，明永樂(lè)十四年建成，是供奉牌位和舉行祭祀活動(dòng)的地方。它面闊九間，進(jìn)深五間，是重檐廡殿頂?shù)慕ㄖ�，殿�?nèi)有60根楠木柱，中間的四根直徑都達(dá)到了一米以上，是國(guó)內(nèi)最好的楠木殿。原來(lái)陵恩殿中陳列有大佛龕，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)沒(méi)有了，取而代之的是后人制作的永樂(lè)皇帝坐像，大家可以繞道坐像的后邊來(lái)看一下，可以看到椅背上刻有一條龍，而龍頭則正對(duì)著萬(wàn)歷皇帝的頭部，這象征著皇帝是真龍?zhí)熳�。而四周則是出土文物的展覽。

　　接下來(lái)大家自由活動(dòng)，下午5點(diǎn)前集合回去。有誰(shuí)還想更仔細(xì)看看導(dǎo)游詞的嗎?好了，感謝大家，祝大家有愉快的一天!

關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞 篇2

　　現(xiàn)在大家已經(jīng)來(lái)到了北京的遠(yuǎn)郊昌平區(qū)，那即將進(jìn)入的就是十三陵景區(qū)。利用這段時(shí)間，我來(lái)給大家講解一下十三陵的歷史背景和說(shuō)明。

　　明朝永樂(lè)皇帝朱棣在1407年派了一些風(fēng)水術(shù)士到北京選擇“吉壤”，其實(shí)就是吉祥的土地，準(zhǔn)備修建陵寢。當(dāng)時(shí)這些人找了很多地方，但是都不成功，開(kāi)始他們選在了口外的屠家營(yíng)，可是皇帝姓朱，與豬同音，犯了地諱。然后又選在了昌平西南的羊山腳下，可是后面有個(gè)村子叫“狼口峪”，這樣豈不是更危險(xiǎn)!后來(lái)選過(guò)京西的“燕家臺(tái)”，有與“宴駕”同音，太不吉利了。最后直到明永樂(lè)七年，才選定了現(xiàn)在的這片天壽山陵區(qū)，在周圍有蟒山，虎峪，龍山和天壽山。這里正符合了陰陽(yáng)五行中四方之神的所在位置，就是東青龍，西白虎，南朱雀，北玄武，還有溫榆河經(jīng)過(guò)這里，真可以說(shuō)是風(fēng)水寶地。從此可見(jiàn)當(dāng)時(shí)皇帝要為自己修建一個(gè)陵寢要耗費(fèi)多少精力啊。隨后，就開(kāi)始修建了長(zhǎng)陵，經(jīng)過(guò)四年終于竣工了。那明朝歷代的皇帝，也陸續(xù)在這里修建了陵寢。而且從1409修建長(zhǎng)陵一直到1644年明王朝滅亡，這200多年間，明十三陵的營(yíng)建工程從來(lái)沒(méi)有間斷過(guò)。在這方圓40平方公里的范圍，埋葬了明代十三位皇帝，二十三位皇后，還有許多的妃子，太子等等�？墒沁@里也沒(méi)能夠完整的保留下來(lái)，在清兵入關(guān)以后，為了報(bào)復(fù)金人將清太祖的祖墳毀掉，所以就將這里燒了。后來(lái)在乾隆五十年的時(shí)候，為了籠絡(luò)漢人，就下令修繕陵區(qū)。在新中國(guó)成立以后，對(duì)這里進(jìn)行了大規(guī)模的開(kāi)發(fā)，并且開(kāi)放了的長(zhǎng)陵、定陵和昭陵，其中定陵的地宮已經(jīng)被發(fā)掘了�，F(xiàn)在這里已經(jīng)成為了全國(guó)重點(diǎn)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)，是世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群。現(xiàn)在大家可能在想：明朝不是有十六個(gè)皇帝么?怎么在這里只有十三個(gè)皇帝的陵寢?其實(shí)原因很簡(jiǎn)單，明太祖朱元璋因?yàn)榻ǘ寄暇�，所以他的陵墓�?dāng)然就在南京啦，也就是明孝陵;而明朝第二個(gè)皇帝建文帝，因?yàn)楸恢扉�奪取了皇位，尸骨下落不明，所以這里就沒(méi)有他的陵墓;在明朝第七代皇帝英宗的時(shí)候，他曾經(jīng)被宦官王振慫恿，率軍親征，后來(lái)在河北懷來(lái)的土木堡被瓦刺軍俘虜，這個(gè)事件稱為“土木之變”，一國(guó)不能無(wú)君，所以他的兄弟就被冊(cè)封為景泰帝，而后又上演了英宗重新奪取皇位的“奪門之變”，所以在十三陵中沒(méi)有景泰帝的陵墓，他以親王的禮節(jié)被安葬在西郊的金山口。這樣一來(lái)，大家一定都明白了為什么這里叫做十三陵了。

　　現(xiàn)在大家沿途看到的這一個(gè)石牌坊，就是陵區(qū)的標(biāo)志，是嘉靖年間制造的。這個(gè)牌坊是5間6柱11樓，高有14米，寬達(dá)到了28.86米，是現(xiàn)在國(guó)內(nèi)保存下來(lái)最大、最精美的石牌坊，上邊的圖案裝飾也都是云龍圖案，反映了皇家建筑的特點(diǎn)。

　　在中殿后面的就是后殿，它是地宮中最大的一個(gè)殿，高大9.5米，長(zhǎng)31米，寬9.1米，地面上鋪設(shè)的是磨光的花斑石。在后殿中設(shè)有白石鑲邊的棺床一座，中央有一個(gè)長(zhǎng)型方孔，中間填的是黃土，也就是選擇墓穴時(shí)的第一鏟黃土，叫做金井，它是整座陵寢建筑格局的基本點(diǎn)。在棺槨四周和棺槨內(nèi)放有玉石，或者在死者口中含有玉石，稱為玉葬。之所以這樣，是因?yàn)楣湃苏J(rèn)為金井可以溝通陰陽(yáng)，交流生氣，而玉葬能夠保持尸體不腐爛。金井玉葬在明清兩代是最高等級(jí)的葬禮。當(dāng)然這些都是古人的理想而已，沒(méi)有什么科學(xué)根據(jù)。在棺床的上安放有萬(wàn)歷皇帝和兩位皇后的棺槨，還有裝隨葬品的26個(gè)木箱。

　　按照皇帝陵寢的規(guī)置，后殿只是安放皇帝棺槨用的，那為什么兩個(gè)皇后的棺槨也出現(xiàn)在這里呢?這個(gè)現(xiàn)象在史料中是沒(méi)有明確記載的，可是根據(jù)專家推測(cè)：在萬(wàn)歷四十八年的時(shí)候，先是孝端皇后病逝，接著七月就是萬(wàn)歷皇帝去世，而他的兒子朱常洛也在即位29天死于紅丸案，在這短短百日之內(nèi)，死了兩位皇帝，一位皇后，還有孝靖皇后還要遷葬，這么巨大的任務(wù)都?jí)涸诹藙倓偧次坏幕实壑煊尚Ｉ砩�，所以�?zhǔn)備工作十分的倉(cāng)促。而且當(dāng)時(shí)正好是雨季，安放皇后的配殿不方便打開(kāi)，于是皇帝皇后的棺槨就都從正門進(jìn)去了�？墒堑搅说貙m發(fā)現(xiàn)配殿的甬道太窄了，皇后的棺槨進(jìn)不去，所以只好將它們一并放入了后殿當(dāng)中�，F(xiàn)在大家可以明白地宮中棺槨的擺設(shè)呈這樣是怎樣一回事兒了吧。那好，現(xiàn)在就請(qǐng)大家跟隨我走出地宮。

　　隨著參觀定陵的活動(dòng)結(jié)束，我們今天的明十三陵之行也將近尾聲了，相信大家一定都為這座巨大的帝王陵墓群而感嘆，隨著我國(guó)文物保護(hù)工作的不斷開(kāi)展，國(guó)家投入了大量的資金修繕明十三陵，這座規(guī)模宏大的帝王陵寢也將被永久的保存下去。同時(shí)，我也希望各位游客能對(duì)這里留下美好的印象，歡迎各位下次再來(lái)參觀。

關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞 篇3

　　現(xiàn)在大家已經(jīng)來(lái)到了北京的遠(yuǎn)郊昌平區(qū)，那即將進(jìn)入的就是十三陵景區(qū)。利用這段時(shí)間，我來(lái)給大家講解一下十三陵的歷史背景和說(shuō)明。

　　大宮門就是陵墓區(qū)的正門兒，也叫大紅門。門是南向的，分三洞，在這個(gè)門里邊就是陵墓區(qū)。在門兩側(cè)都有刻著“官員人等至此下馬”的下馬碑，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)規(guī)定這些人進(jìn)入陵區(qū)都是要步行，否則可是要治罪的。而且這里也是禁區(qū)，不是一般老百姓可以隨便進(jìn)入的地方，嚴(yán)重的是要被斬首的。而進(jìn)了這個(gè)門兒，也就走進(jìn)了貫穿陵園南北，能夠直接通到長(zhǎng)陵陵門的神道，明朝的神道，也是我國(guó)歷代修建的帝王陵中神道最長(zhǎng)的，其實(shí)他的主要作用就是讓皇帝靈魂通過(guò)的地方，全長(zhǎng)有7公里。

　　我們一邊走著，就可以看到前邊有一個(gè)碑亭。這個(gè)碑亭是重檐歇山頂?shù)慕ㄖ�，里邊有赑屃馱著巨碑，這個(gè)就是長(zhǎng)陵的神功頌德碑，正式建立于1435年，正面就是永樂(lè)皇帝的長(zhǎng)子朱高熾寫的頌德碑文，有3000多字，而背面則是在乾隆五十年撰寫的《哀明陵三十韻》，里邊詳細(xì)記錄了陵墓的破損情況。碑身的東面是清政府修繕陵墓的花費(fèi)，西側(cè)則是在嘉慶九年論述明王朝滅亡的原因。

　　過(guò)了碑亭，我們繼續(xù)沿著神道行走，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在神路兩側(cè)，都有很多石雕。其實(shí)這里一共有36座石雕，叫做石像生。緊挨著碑亭后邊的是兩根石望柱，接下來(lái)就是獅子、獬豸、駱駝、大象、麒麟、馬，各有四匹，按照先臥后立的順序排列。然后是武臣、文臣和勛臣各有四人。修建這些，都是為了體現(xiàn)帝王生前的儀仗和死后的尊嚴(yán)。所以體積都非常大，雕刻的都非常精細(xì)。而且這些也都象征著皇帝在生前可以得到尊崇，到了死后也是同樣得到尊崇。，各方神圣和文武百官還是要為我獨(dú)尊。

　　再往前走，就可以看到一座欞星門，也叫龍鳳門，取天門之意。在這個(gè)三門六柱的門中央位置上，有三個(gè)火焰寶珠，所以這里也被叫做火焰牌坊。

　　我們其實(shí)一直都是沿著神道來(lái)前進(jìn)的，來(lái)回顧一下，先是石牌坊，然后到了大宮門，現(xiàn)在我們就要已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了長(zhǎng)陵了。碑亭，石象生，過(guò)了龍鳳門，還有一段路程就可以到達(dá)長(zhǎng)陵的陵門了。而我們所說(shuō)的整個(gè)陵墓群的中軸線其實(shí)也就是這條貫穿陵園南北，全長(zhǎng)共7公里的神道。

關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞 篇4

　　明十三陵位于北京市昌平區(qū)北部天壽山下，因明代遷都北京后，有十三位皇帝埋葬于此，故稱十三陵。自明永樂(lè)七年(1409)開(kāi)始建長(zhǎng)陵，到清朝順治初年建思陵，在方圓80平方公里的陵區(qū)范圍內(nèi)，共埋葬了明朝十三位皇帝，二十三位皇后，此外還有眾多的嬪妃，太子，公主，叢葬宮女等。營(yíng)建時(shí)間前后達(dá)200余年，形成了體系完整，規(guī)模宏大，氣勢(shì)磅礴的陵寢建筑群，也是世界上保存完整，埋葬皇帝較多的墓葬群。

　　明成祖朱棣選定在北京營(yíng)造皇陵，主要有兩個(gè)原因：首先，政治方面。北京是朱棣經(jīng)營(yíng)多年的根據(jù)地，所以自從他登基起，就計(jì)劃者遷都北京，故而皇陵隨之建在北京，也是順理成章的事：其次，戰(zhàn)略方面。明朝初年，蒙古等的殘余勢(shì)力逃到漠北，成為明朝北方的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期威脅。若身處南京，未免有些鞭長(zhǎng)莫及，難以達(dá)到控制北方局勢(shì)的目的。所以，朱棣遷都北京的同時(shí)在北京卜選陵址，是極具戰(zhàn)略意圖的舉措，這對(duì)明朝疆域的鞏固也的確起了非常重要的作用。朱棣的決策影響可謂深遠(yuǎn)。

　　永樂(lè)五年(公元l20xx年)，永樂(lè)皇帝的皇后徐氏去世，朱棣命禮部，，工部及術(shù)士風(fēng)水先生等人前往北京一帶開(kāi)始選擇萬(wàn)年吉壤”。先后曾指定潭柘寺，燕家臺(tái)，屠家營(yíng)等處，朱棣都不滿意。后來(lái)在江西術(shù)士廖均卿的推薦下，選中了昌平這塊風(fēng)水吉壤。整個(gè)陵區(qū)東，西，北三面群山如拱似屏，南面龍山，虎山分列左右，構(gòu)成天然門戶。陵區(qū)大宮門正好建在兩山之間，門里是一片開(kāi)闊的盆地。整個(gè)陵區(qū)以長(zhǎng)陵位關(guān)鍵，以大宮門一一長(zhǎng)陵一線為中軸線。北面以天壽山為鎮(zhèn)山，東面有蟒山，西面有虎峪，正和風(fēng)水左青龍，右白虎的說(shuō)法。再加陵區(qū)內(nèi)溫榆河從西北蜿蜒流向東南，形成陵區(qū)的抱水，的確是一塊風(fēng)水寶地”。

　　自永樂(lè)七年(公元l420xx年)正式在此建長(zhǎng)陵，到1644年明王朝滅亡，明十三陵的營(yíng)造工程，歷經(jīng)了二百多年，從沒(méi)間斷。十三陵以時(shí)間先后，依次為：長(zhǎng)陵，獻(xiàn)陵，景陵，裕陵，茂陵，泰陵，康陵，永陵，昭陵，定陵，慶陵，德陵，思陵。除以上十三位皇帝外，陵內(nèi)還葬有皇后23人，皇貴妃1人，及殉葬宮人數(shù)十人。另外還有7座妃墳園寢和1座太監(jiān)墓。由于十三陵中的第一個(gè)陵是長(zhǎng)陵一一永樂(lè)帝朱棣和皇后徐氏的合葬墓，因此長(zhǎng)陵的中軸線也就是自然成為整個(gè)陵區(qū)的中軸線。

　　(今日十三陵)

　　1992年，在北京旅游世界之最”的評(píng)定中，專家學(xué)者對(duì)十三陵的判定語(yǔ)為世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群”。20xx年7月，明十三陵被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》明清皇家陵寢的擴(kuò)展項(xiàng)目�！妒澜邕z產(chǎn)名錄》對(duì)它的評(píng)價(jià)如下：明清皇家陵寢依照風(fēng)水理論，精心選址，將數(shù)量眾多的建筑物巧妙的安置于地下。它是人類改變自然的產(chǎn)物，體現(xiàn)了傳統(tǒng)的建筑裝飾思想，闡釋了封建中國(guó)持續(xù)了500余年的世界觀和權(quán)力觀。”

　　(石牌坊)

　　石牌坊位于神道最南端，建于嘉靖十九年(公元l540年)，是陵區(qū)的標(biāo)志。石牌坊青白石料組裝雕琢而成。體量巨大，其結(jié)構(gòu)為五間六柱十一樓。其高14米，寬28.86米，是我國(guó)現(xiàn)存營(yíng)造時(shí)間最早，建筑等級(jí)最高的大型仿木結(jié)構(gòu)的石牌坊。牌坊的夾桿石，四面有浮雕，刻有八對(duì)獅子滾繡球和十六條云龍的圖案。

　　(大紅門)

　　大宮門是陵墓區(qū)的正門，俗稱大紅門”。門向南，分三洞，是陵區(qū)的總門戶。它位于虎山，龍山之間一高崗上，距石牌坊1.25千米。門口左右立下馬碑二方，正面刻有官員人等至此下馬”八個(gè)字。當(dāng)時(shí)奉旨官員到這里，文官下轎，武官下馬，皆由步行進(jìn)入陵區(qū)，否則以大不敬論罪�！洞竺髀伞愤�規(guī)定，陵區(qū)內(nèi)一草一木都不得擅動(dòng)，否則以謀毀山陵”論罪，且山嶺內(nèi)盜砍樹(shù)木者斬，家屬發(fā)配從軍”。

　　(長(zhǎng)陵神功圣德碑)

　　沿中軸線向北距大宮門0.6千米，就是長(zhǎng)陵神功圣德碑碑亭。碑亭是重檐歇山式建筑，正方形，四面劈門，高約三丈，建于宣德十年(1435年)。亭內(nèi)是明成祖永樂(lè)帝朱棣的神功勝德碑。碑身正面刻的是明成祖長(zhǎng)子一一仁宗朱高熾撰寫德神功勝德碑文，碑文有3000多字。碑的背面刻有的是乾隆五十年(公元1785年)，清高宗撰寫的《哀明陵三十韻》，詳細(xì)記述了長(zhǎng)陵，水陵，定陵，思陵幾座陵墓的殘破狀況。碑東側(cè)刻有清政府修明陵的花費(fèi)記錄。碑西側(cè)刻有嘉慶九年(公元1820xx年)，清仁宗論述明亡國(guó)的教訓(xùn)得失。長(zhǎng)陵的神功勝德碑是十三陵唯一刻有碑文的陵碑，其他各陵碑都均沒(méi)有刻字。

　　碑亭四隅各立一座高10.81米的漢白玉華表。這四座華表為墓前標(biāo)志，也是附屬碑亭的裝飾性建筑。

　　大宮門后的大道叫神道，又稱陵道。神道縱貫陵園南北，全長(zhǎng)7.3公里，向北直達(dá)長(zhǎng)陵陵門。在碑亭北側(cè)，各有一列石雕群，統(tǒng)稱石像生。在陵墓前設(shè)置石像生的儀制始于秦漢，以象征死者生前儀衛(wèi)。此后歷代君王沿用不絕，只是神獸形象和數(shù)量有所不同。

　　(石像生)

　　明十三陵的石像生沿用明孝陵的規(guī)制，但增加了4尊功臣像。長(zhǎng)陵石像生以一對(duì)石望柱開(kāi)始，其后800米的神道上排列有石獸12對(duì)，石人6對(duì)。石獸每種兩對(duì)，獅子，獬豸(xiezhi)，駱駝，麒麟，馬，象，各四匹，兩臥兩立分左右排列在神道兩側(cè)。石獅的形象威武雄壯，凜然不可侵犯。陵前置獅子為鎮(zhèn)物，用以驅(qū)區(qū)避邪;獬豸是傳說(shuō)中象征公平正義的神獸，它被認(rèn)為能辨曲直”，有觸不直者”的能力，在此也起著保護(hù)帝王的作用。駱駝為沙漠之舟，象征運(yùn)輸。大象聰明溫和，力大無(wú)比，象征祥瑞，且帝王生前儀仗也多用大象。麒麟，是傳說(shuō)中的神獸，古人認(rèn)為如有麒麟出現(xiàn)，則是帝王有圣德，天下太平的象征。在神道上設(shè)置麒麟有歌功頌德之意。石馬多被置于陵墓前，原因是皇帝生前儀仗中必有仗馬。石人6對(duì)，文臣，武臣，勛臣各四人，分別象征帝王朝會(huì)中的各級(jí)官員，將軍和有功之臣。這些石聲像建于宣德十年(公元1435年)。

　　(欞星門)

　　石聲像的北端是一座玲瓏別致的欞星門。古人認(rèn)為圣殿之有欞星門，蓋尊圣門如天門也”。故用欞星命名的門成為一種象征，比作天宮之門。此處欞星門為三開(kāi)間，門上中間各飾有火焰珠寶，因此又俗稱火焰牌坊”，也叫龍風(fēng)門。

關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞 篇5

　　明十三陵位于北京市昌平區(qū)的天壽山腳下，這里埋葬著明朝13個(gè)皇帝，所以叫明十三陵。自永樂(lè)七年(1409)開(kāi)始修建長(zhǎng)陵，到清朝順治初年建思陵，營(yíng)建時(shí)間前后長(zhǎng)達(dá)200年之久。明十三陵體系完成、規(guī)模宏大，是世界上保存最完成、埋葬皇帝較多帝王陵墓群。年明十三陵被教科文組織列入《世紀(jì)遺產(chǎn)名錄》，成為中外游客到北京的必游之地。

　　明朝有十六帝，這里為什么只有十三陵呢?那是因?yàn)槊鞒�有三個(gè)皇帝沒(méi)有埋在這里，一個(gè)是開(kāi)國(guó)皇帝朱元璋;一個(gè)是明朝第二皇帝朱允炆;還有一個(gè)是明朝景泰皇帝朱祁鈺。明朝第一個(gè)在北京修建陵寢的是明朝第三個(gè)皇帝，明成祖朱棣。

　　明朝永樂(lè)五年(1407)七月，明成祖朱棣的皇后徐氏去世，朱棣命禮部尚書(shū)趙羾和江西術(shù)士廖鈞卿在北京一帶選址建陵。最后選中今天昌平區(qū)康家莊樓子營(yíng)一帶，作為陵址上報(bào)給皇上。朱棣親自現(xiàn)場(chǎng)考察后，非常滿意，封這里的山叫“天壽山”，選擇“黃道吉日”開(kāi)始動(dòng)工修建陵寢。

　　從永樂(lè)七年到宣德二年(1409-1427)，歷時(shí)18年之久，陵寢才大功告成。徐皇后先入葬，然后是明成祖朱棣本人。朱棣生前把自己的陵墓命名為“長(zhǎng)陵”，這就是十三陵的“首陵”。

　　長(zhǎng)陵的后續(xù)裝修工程并沒(méi)有結(jié)束。明朝嘉靖年間，朱厚熜下旨修建了長(zhǎng)陵的神道。大石牌樓，神道上的碑樓陸續(xù)建成。如此算來(lái)長(zhǎng)陵最后建成歷時(shí)130余年。這條長(zhǎng)陵的神道，也隨著明朝后續(xù)幾位皇帝的陵寢依次完工，成為了明十三陵的主神道。

關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞 篇6

　　各位旅客朋友們：

　　大家好!

　　北京昌平縣境內(nèi)，有一處明代帝王陵墓群，即中外聞名的十三陵。在周圍40公里的范圍內(nèi)，埋葬著明代13位帝王，23位皇后和眾多的嬪妃、太子、公主、從葬宮女等。

　　(一)概況

　　明永樂(lè)五年(1407)朱棣的皇后徐氏去世。朱棣命禮部、工部及術(shù)士風(fēng)鑒先生等人，在北京郊區(qū)尋找"吉壤"。先后曾指定潭柘寺、燕家臺(tái)、屠家營(yíng)等處，朱棣均不滿意。后來(lái)江西術(shù)士廖均卿說(shuō)，昌平北有吉壤，可做萬(wàn)年壽域，名黃土山，山前有龍、虎二山，形成一個(gè)小平原。朱棣視察后很滿意，決定在此建造皇陵，改黃土山為天壽山。永樂(lè)七年(1409)正式建陵，到永樂(lè)十一年竣工，即長(zhǎng)陵。明代歷朝(除景泰帝外)皇帝陸續(xù)在此建陵。 明制規(guī)定，陵墓每年大祭三次(清明、中元、冬至)，小祭四次(正旦、孟冬、生辰、逝日)。每次謁陵耗費(fèi)巨大。十三陵地面上建筑曾幾度遭到破壞，最嚴(yán)重的一次是清兵入關(guān)。明末清太祖崛起于東北，威脅明朝安全。有人說(shuō)清兵之所以強(qiáng)盛與他的祖墳風(fēng)水有關(guān)。他們(金人)的祖墳在房山，如搗毀，清兵即滅。天啟皇帝于天啟二年(1622)派人毀房山金陵，并建關(guān)帝廟鎮(zhèn)之。清兵入關(guān)后，采取同樣的報(bào)復(fù)手段，破壞了明陵。清乾隆五十年，為了攏絡(luò)漢人，曾下令修繕明陵。民國(guó)時(shí)期，左右，當(dāng)?shù)睾兰潬?zhēng)奪產(chǎn)權(quán)，明陵又遭破壞。

　　1陵墓區(qū)范圍

　　墓區(qū)原有一道40公里長(zhǎng)的圍墻。紅色圍墻自南邊的大宮門起，依山而筑，設(shè)有中山口、東山口、老君堂口、賢莊口、灰?guī)X口、錐子口、雁子口、德勝口、西山口、榨子口等十個(gè)關(guān)口，各口駐兵把守。現(xiàn)在紅墻已無(wú)，但從地名上看還能了解到當(dāng)年的墓區(qū)范圍。

　　2繃昴怪兄嵯

　　(1)石牌坊

　　石牌坊是陵區(qū)最南端的建筑。該坊五門六柱十一樓，高14米，寬2886米，建于嘉靖十九年(1540)，是目前國(guó)內(nèi)保存最大、最早的石坊。夾桿石四面有浮雕，刻有八對(duì)獅子滾繡球、十六條生龍，造型生動(dòng)。

　　(2)大宮門

　　大宮門是陵墓區(qū)的正門。門分三洞，旁連40公里圍墻。門前豎著"官員人等至此下馬"碑。門內(nèi)有數(shù)千軍士守護(hù)，任何人不得闖入。當(dāng)時(shí)規(guī)定"謀毀山陵者，以謀大逆論，不分首從，俱凌遲處死"。山陵內(nèi)盜砍樹(shù)木者斬，家屬發(fā)往邊疆充軍。

　　(3)碑樓

　　該樓為重檐頂四出陛、樓內(nèi)馱巨碑，即長(zhǎng)陵的神功圣德碑，高三丈(該碑正式建立于宣德十年，即公元1435年)。正面為神功圣德碑文，3000余字，明成祖長(zhǎng)子仁宗朱高熾撰。碑陰是乾隆五十年(1785)，清高宗的《哀明陵三十韻》，詳細(xì)地記錄了長(zhǎng)、永、定、思幾座陵墓的殘破情況。碑東側(cè)是清政府修明陵的花費(fèi)記錄，西側(cè)是嘉慶九年(1804)清仁宗論述明亡的原因。

　　(4)石象生

　　神路兩側(cè)有一組石雕群，24獸，12人，共18對(duì)，36個(gè)。包括獅子、獬豸、駱駝、麒麟、馬、象各4匹，二臥二立。武臣、文臣、勛臣各4人。

　　(5)欞星門

　　欞星門俗稱龍鳳門，在此處有"天門"之意，門三道之間有短垣相隔。6根門柱形似華表，三門額坊中央雕有石刻火焰珠，故當(dāng)?shù)厝擞址Q其為火焰牌坊。 欞星門北有7孔漢白玉神橋一座，通往長(zhǎng)陵陵門。

關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞 篇7

　　The Ming Tombs are located at the foot of Tianshou mountain in ChangpingDistrict of Beijing. There are 13 Ming emperors buried here, so they are calledMing Tombs. From the seventh year of Yongle (1409) to the early year of Shunzhiin Qing Dynasty, the construction of Changling was 200 years. The Ming Tombssystem is completed with a large scale, which is the most complete mausoleumgroup in the world with many emperors buried. In 20__, the Ming Tombs werelisted in the "Century Heritage List" by UNESCO, becoming a must visit place forChinese and foreign tourists to Beijing.

　　There are sixteen emperors in the Ming Dynasty. Why is there only the MingTombs? That's because there are three emperors in the Ming Dynasty who are notburied here. One is the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, the second Emperor ZhuYunwen, and the other is the king Tai Emperor Zhu Qiyu. Zhu Di, the thirdemperor of the Ming Dynasty, was the first to build a mausoleum in Beijing.

　　In July of the fifth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1407), the empressXu of Zhu Di, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, died. Zhu Di ordered Zhao Dan,the Minister of rites, and Liao Junqing, a Jiangxi warlock, to build a mausoleumin Beijing. Finally, the area around louziying of kangjiazhuang in ChangpingDistrict today was selected as the site of the mausoleum and reported to theemperor. After Zhu Di personally inspected the site, he was very satisfied. Henamed the mountain "Tianshou mountain" and chose "auspicious day of the YellowRoad" to start the construction of the mausoleum.

　　From the seventh year of Yongle to the second year of Xuande (1409-1427),it took 18 years to complete the mausoleum. Empress Xu was buried first, andthen Zhu Di himself. Zhu Di named his mausoleum "Changling", which is the "firstmausoleum" of the Ming Tombs.

　　The follow-up decoration of Changling is not over. In the Jiajing period ofMing Dynasty, Zhu Houfu ordered to build the Shinto of Changling. Large stonearchways and stele towers on Shinto were built one after another. So it tookmore than 130 years for Changling to be built. The Shinto of the Changlingmausoleum was completed in turn with the mausoleums of the successive emperorsof the Ming Dynasty, and became the main Shinto of the Ming Tombs.

　　After the Qing Dynasty entered the GATT, it encountered great difficultiesin ruling the country, so the imperial court took many measures to ease thepeople's fierce resistance. For example, the postponement of shaving andchanging clothes, the restoration of imperial examination, the reuse of Hanofficials, and the management of Ming Dynasty mausoleum.

　　During the reign of Kangxi, every time Emperor Kangxi visited the south, hewould go to Nanjing's Xiaoling of Ming Dynasty to offer sacrifices to ZhuYuanzhang. He also went to the right side of the Shinto of Xiaoling of MingDynasty (the left side was the top in ancient times) to show his respect for ZhuYuanzhang, the founding emperor of Ming Dynasty. During the reign of Yongzheng,Emperor Yongzheng made a wish for his son to become his father, aiming to findthe direct descendants of the Ming emperor. When you find it, you'll be theofficial. During the reign of Qianlong, Emperor Qianlong granted the descendantsof the Zhu royal family first-class yan'en marquis. In addition, the Qinggovernment set up a special envoy, namely eunuch guarding the mausoleum, to beresponsible for specific related matters. The tomb owners are responsible fortaking care of the cemetery buildings and the trees in the cemetery area.

　　During the period of the Republic of China, the last generation of yan'enMarquis was Zhu YuXun. Because of his laziness and self-discipline, thegovernment of the Republic of China removed him from all his duties related tothe custody of the mausoleum area, and from then on, yan'en Hou withdrew fromthe stage of history.

　　Now the Ming Tombs, under the protection and repair of the government, haverestored part of the landscape. The whole mausoleum is composed of thirteenmausoleums: Chang, Xian, Jing, Yu, Mao, Tai, Kang, Yong, Zhao, Ding, Qing, deand Si, which are arranged at the foot of Tianshou mountain. On the left isMangshan, which is a symbol of green dragon, and on the right is Huyu, which isa symbol of white tiger. In front of the mountain, there is a small stream,which forms a pool in the southeast. This is the famous Ming Tombs reservoir.There are also 23 queens, one imperial concubine, dozens of people who died inthe funeral palace, seven imperial concubine tombs and one eunuch tomb.

　　As tourist attractions, four of them are open to the outside world. Theyare Changling Shinto, Changling, Dingling and Zhaoling. I'm going to talk aboutChangling today.

　　The owner of Changling tomb is Zhu Di, the third emperor of Ming Dynastyand the fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty. He was born in1360 and died in 1424.

　　Zhu Di's life was full of ups and downs. At the age of 11, he was grantedthe title of king of Yan. At the age of 17, he married Xu Da's eldest daughter,the Xu family. At the age of 21, he took office in Beiping (that is, Beijing)and became the highest chief executive of Beiping region, integrating military,political and power. At the age of 40, he fought in the name of "Jingnan" andtook Nanjing for four years. He won the throne from his nephew Zhu Yunwen andbecame the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

　　Zhu Di has been in power for 22 years. When he was in power, he wasdiligent in government affairs, concerned about the people and lived a simplelife.

　　The most outstanding achievements are as follows: first, he presided overthe compilation of Yongle canon; second, he sent Zheng He to the Western Ocean;third, he built four cultural relics and historic sites which are rated as"world cultural heritage" by modern people. (the Palace Museum, the temple ofheaven, the Ming Tombs, Wudang Mountain Taoist complex in Hubei Province).

　　Of course, Zhu Di's life has also been seen by today's less glorious deeds.For example, the establishment of the East Chamber secret service, the "Jingnancampaign" to usurp the throne, and the "Renwu martyrdom" to kill the courtiersin Zhu Yunwen's period left a bad impression of being violent and murderous.

　　Zhu Di is a "son of the horse". Because of martial arts, he gained fame;because of martial arts, he won the throne; because of martial arts, he expandedhis territory. But death, also died in the March. Zhu Di died in yumuchuan, nowin Duolun, Inner Mongolia, during his fifth personal expedition to Mobei. He was65 years old and buried in Changling.

　　Zhu Di is another brilliant emperor after the founding emperor ZhuYuanzhang of Ming Dynasty.

　　Changling, the mausoleum of Zhu Di, is located on the south side of themain peak of Tianshou mountain. It is the largest, longest built and most wellpreserved Mausoleum of the Ming Tombs. The layout features "front and backcircle". "Front" refers to a group of three entrance courtyards, and "backcircle" refers to Baoding, the tomb of Zhu Di.

　　In front of this three entrance courtyard, the first entrance to thecourtyard is the mausoleum gate, with a single eaves resting on the top of themountain. It is five rooms wide and three doors open in the middle. It is builton the platform. The first thing you can see in the courtyard is a stelePavilion. Other buildings were destroyed in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.

　　The second gate to enter the courtyard is Juen gate. When you enter Juengate, you will see Juen hall.

　　The li'en Hall of Changling is covered with yellow glazed tiles, doubleeaves, veranda roof, 95 Bay, supported by 60 Phoebe pillars and covered with"gold bricks", covering an area of 1938 square meters. Such a large hall, butalso are the pillars of Phoebe, is rare in the domestic ancient architecture.Phoebe itself is very precious. The 32 gold pillars in the li'en Hall ofChangling are up to 12.58 meters in height and about 1 meter in diameter. Thefour in the middle are the thickest, with a diameter of 1.124 meters. They can'tclose each other. Moreover, the Ming Dynasty did not leave the standard for theofficial construction of ancient buildings. The JUEN Hall of Changling mausoleumhas become a rare object to study the official buildings in the early MingDynasty, but it is the only well preserved Juen hall in the Ming Tombs, which isvery worthy of tourists to visit.

　　After Li en hall, through the inner red gate, we came to the thirdcourtyard. First of all, you can see the Lingxing gate, and then you can see thestone confession case, on which there are stone five confessions. They are:incense burner in the middle, candlesticks on both sides, and incense bottles onboth sides. To the north of shiwugong is minglou.

　　Minglou is part of Houyuan, which refers to Zhu Di's mausoleum. It iscomposed of minglou, Fangcheng, Baocheng and Baoding (Baoshan). If you see sucha Ming tower in the Ming Tombs, it means that an emperor of the Ming Dynasty isburied behind it.

　　The Ming tower is built on the square city, with double eaves resting onthe top of the mountain. Inside the Ming tower is the "Shenghao stele". Thefirst part of the stele is engraved with "Daming" in seal characters, and thebody of the stele is engraved with "the mausoleum of emperor chengzuwen". Thepedestal under the body of the tablet is divided into four layers. The firstlayer is erlongxizhu, followed by Baiyun, mountains and sea water. "Shenghaostele" is equivalent to the tombstone in front of the mausoleum, indicating thatZhu Di was buried inside.

　　Behind minglou is Baocheng Baoding. Baoding, also known as Baoshan, isbuilt by hand rammed earth. Baoshan is surrounded by a ring of city walls, 7.3meters high, with crenels on it, and the circumference is 1 km. It is calledBaocheng. Below the mountain is the underground palace. But the undergroundpalace of Changling was not opened. The only underground palace opened in theMing Tombs was Dingling, the tomb of Zhu Yijun.

　　It turns out that in the early Ming Dynasty, there was a system ofsacrificial burial after the death of the emperor, which was called the systemof sacrificial burial. Originated in the primitive society, slaves were buriedwith a large number of slaves and livestock. After the death of Zhu Yuanzhang,the emperor of Ming Dynasty, this brutal system of human sacrifice was carriedout. When Zhu Yuanzhang died, 38 people were buried; Zhu Di buried 16 people;Zhu gaochi buried 5 people; Zhu Zhanji buried 10 people. The palace maids orconcubines who were buried with the emperor were granted the title of "Chaotianfemale household" by the emperor. It was not until Zhuqi Town, Yingzong of MingDynasty, that the system of martyrdom was abolished.

　　Yingzong Zhuqi town is fatuous and incompetent. After being a prisoner andlosing the throne, he was released by the enemy and returned to Beijing. Withthe help of eunuchs, he used stratagem to become emperor again. There are twoyears, one is orthodox and the other is Tianshun. He was definitely not a goodemperor in the history of Ming Dynasty, but he abolished the system of humansacrifice, which was a good thing in his lifetime.

　　However, it is not known where the maids were buried in the Ming Tombs, andit still needs to be researched by later generations.

　　OK, I'll introduce you to the Ming Tombs.

關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞 篇8

　　Dear friends

　　Hello everyone! With the start of the car, today's tourism activities willofficially start. I'm very glad to have the opportunity to accompany you tovisit the Ming Tombs.

　　The world famous Ming Tombs are located at the foot of Yanshan Mountain inChangping District of Beijing. In the surrounding area of 40 square kilometers,there are 13 emperors, 23 queens, many concubines, princesses, princesses andother maids buried in the Ming Dynasty. At this point, some friends who arefamiliar with Chinese history may have a question in their heart: there were 16emperors in the Ming Dynasty, why only 13 of them were buried here? To answerthis question, we need to recall the history of the Ming Dynasty.

　　Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, built the capitalin today's Nanjing and was buried in the "Ming Xiaoling" in Zhongshan, Nanjingafter his death. Because Prince Zhu Biao died early, he passed the throne to hiseldest grandson Zhu Yunwen. Yongle Emperor Zhu Di won the throne from his nephewZhu Yunwen. Zhu Di sent troops to the south in the name of removing treacherousofficials. Jianwen Emperor Zhu Yunwen's whereabouts are unknown in thiscatastrophe. Some people say that the palace was burned to death at that time.Others say that they became monks. This is still a mystery in the history of theMing Dynasty, so there is no mausoleum. Zhu Qiyu, the seventh emperor of theMing Dynasty, became the emperor because his elder brother Yingzong Zhu Qizhenwas a prisoner in the "civil fortress change" and the palace could not bewithout a master for a day.

　　Later, Yingzong was released. Under the planning of his confidants,Yingzong carried out a "change of seizing the door", and became emperor again.After Zhu Qiyu died, Yingzong refused to recognize him as an emperor, destroyedthe mausoleum built by Zhu Qiyu in the Ming Tombs area, and buried him as a"Prince" in jinshankou, western suburb of Beijing. In this way, of the 16 Mingemperors, two were buried elsewhere, one was missing, and the other 13 wereburied here, so they are collectively referred to as "Ming Tombs". The MingTombs is a group of mausoleum buildings with the most complete preservation andburial of emperors in the world.

　　The Ming Tombs are built in a beautiful mountain area, about 50 kilometersaway from the capital, covering an area of about 40 square kilometers. The siteof the Ming Tombs was selected and built according to the principle of geomanticomen, because people in ancient China paid great attention to geomantic omenwhen they were building houses or mausoleums. The emperor is more pretentious,not only to live a luxurious life, but also want to continue to enjoy afterdeath, so the choice of mausoleum is very important.

　　When choosing the mausoleum site, it is necessary to choose a good placewith mountains and water, good natural environment and "gas accumulation wind".And the Ming Tombs is such a good place: the whole mausoleum area is surroundedby mountains in the East, West and North, and there are Dragon Mountain andTiger Mountain in the south, forming a natural gateway, which is in line withthe saying of "left Green Dragon and right white tiger" in geomantic omen. It islike a huge courtyard in the middle. The Wenyu River in the mausoleum areameanders from northwest to Southeast, forming the holding water in the mausoleumarea. In the whole mausoleum area, Changling is the key, the line betweenDagongmen and Changling is the central axis, and Tianshou mountain is theZhenshan in the north. It is an ideal mausoleum with mountains on its back,water on its surface and wind gathering in gas reservoirs.

　　The reason why Emperor Yongle chose the present Tianshou mountain was alsoafter many twists and turns. After the battle of Jingnan, Zhu Di became emperorin Nanjing. At that time, he decided to move his capital to Beijing in order toconsolidate his political power. In 1407, the fifth year of Yongle, Zhu Di'sempress Xu died. At that time, in order to express his determination to move thecapital to Beijing, Zhu Di sent the Minister of rites and geomantic warlock LiaoJunqing to Beijing to choose "auspicious soil". It is said that several placeshave been selected.

　　The first choice is tujiaying, but because the emperor's surname is Zhu,which is the same as "pig", and "Tu" means slaughtering, pigs will definitelydie when they enter the slaughterhouse, so it's not appropriate to committaboos. Another place is at the foot of the Yangshan mountain in the southwestof Changping. Pigs and sheep instinctively live in harmony, but there is avillage behind the mountain called "langeryu". It's more dangerous to havewolves beside pigs, and it can't be used. Later, he chose Yanjiatai in the westof Beijing, but "Yanjia" and "Yanjia" are homophonic, which is also unlucky.

　　Because the death of the ancient emperor, in addition to called "death",also called "Yan Jia". Although the landscape of Tanzhe Temple is good, it isdeep and narrow in the mountains, which is not conducive to the development offuture generations. Later came to today's Tianshou mountain. Tianshou mountainwas called Huangtu mountain at that time. After Emperor Yongle personallyinspected it, he felt very satisfied. At that time, he made an order todesignate Huangtu mountain as his "good soil for ten thousand years". This yearis also the year of his 50th birthday, so he named Huangtu mountain "Tianshoumountain". From the construction of Changling mausoleum in 1409, the seventhyear of Yongle, until Chongzhen, the last emperor of Ming Dynasty, was buried inSiling mausoleum, the construction of Ming Tombs lasted for more than 230years.

　　The Ming Tombs have a history of more than 300-500 years since it wasbuilt, and the buildings on the ground have been seriously damaged many times,the most serious of which was during the Qing army's entry period. So why didthe Qing army destroy the Ming Tombs on a large scale? Because at the end of theMing Dynasty, Nurhachi, the emperor Taizu of the Qing Dynasty, rose in thenortheast, which directly threatened the security of the Ming Dynasty.

　　As a result, some people say that the prosperity of the Qing soldiers isrelated to the geomantic omen of their ancestral graves. If their ancestralgraves are destroyed, the Qing soldiers can be eliminated. The ancestors ofManchu are Jin people, and the ancestral Tomb of Jin Dynasty is in Fangshan,Beijing. Zhu Youxiao, the Ming Dynasty's Apocalypse emperor, believed it. Asexpected, he sent people to Fangshan to destroy Jinling and built a Guanditemple in that town. Of course, this method could not suppress the Qing army. Asa result, after the Qing army entered the pass, they took the same means ofrevenge and destroyed the Ming Tombs. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong ofthe Qing Dynasty, in order to win over the Han people, Emperor Qianlong onceordered the Ming mausoleum to be repaired. However, in the period of theRepublic of China [around 1914], local tyrants and evil gentry destroyed theMing Tombs on a large scale in order to fight for property rights. It was notuntil after the founding of new China that we were able to see the true face ofLushan Mountain today after constant renovation and landscaping. Now the MingTombs have become a famous tourist attraction in China.

　　Dear friends, the above is the general situation of the Ming Tombs. Thepurpose is to give you a preliminary understanding of the Ming Tombs. I willintroduce the situation of the scenic spot to you in detail after arriving atthe scenic spot.

關(guān)于北京十三陵的導(dǎo)游詞 篇9

　　The Ming Tombs are the tombs of the Ming emperors in China. They arelocated in Tianshou mountain at the foot of Yanshan Mountain in ChangpingDistrict, northwest suburb of Beijing. From May, 1409, the seventh year ofYongle, the Changling mausoleum was built here to the burial of Chongzhen, thelast emperor of Ming Dynasty, in Siling. During the 230 years, 13 emperormausoleums, seven concubines' tombs and one eunuch's tomb were builtsuccessively. Thirteen emperors, 23 queens, two princes, more than 30 concubinesand one eunuch were buried.

　　In Ming Dynasty, warlocks thought that it was a place of "Fengshui" and"auspicious soil". Therefore, it was selected as the "longevity area" for theconstruction of imperial mausoleum in Ming Dynasty. Gu Yanwu, a famous scholarin the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, once wrote a poem describingthe winning situation here: "the mountains come from the south, and the momentumis like a dragon flying; the East toe is located in Lulong, and the west ridgeis in Taihang; the rear Jiri sits in Huanghua (referring to Huanghua town), andthe front is facing Shenjing; in the middle is wannianzhai, which is calledkangjiazhuang; it can accommodate millions of people, and suddenly opensMingtang." This beautiful natural landscape was regarded as geomantic treasureland by feudal rulers.

　　The cemetery was built in 1409-1644, with a history of more than 300-500years. Covering an area of 40 square kilometers, the mausoleum is the largestmausoleum complex in China and even in the world, with the largest number ofmausoleums for emperors and empresses. In 20__, the Ming Tombs were listed inthe world heritage list. According to the evaluation of the World HeritageCommittee, the Royal mausoleums of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were carefullyselected according to the geomantic theory, and a large number of buildings wereskillfully placed underground. It is the product of human changing nature,embodies the traditional architectural and decorative ideas, and explains theworld outlook and power outlook of feudal China lasting for more than 5000years.

　　This article is from Zhimeng

　　The Ming Tombs are the general name of the royal tombs of the 13 emperorsafter the Ming Dynasty moved its capital to Beijing. There are Changling(Chengzu), Xianling (Renzong), jingling (Xuanzong), Yuling (Yingzong), Maoling(Xianzong), tailing (Xiaozong), Kangling (Wuzong), Yongling (Shizong), Zhaoling(muzong), Dingling (Shenzong), Qingling (Guangzong), Deling (Xizong) and Siling(Sizong), so they are called the Ming Tombs. The Ming Tombs are the tombs ofthirteen Ming emperors.

　　The Ming Dynasty experienced sixteen emperors. Why is it called the MingTombs? Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, built hiscapital in Nanjing and was buried in the sun of Zhongshan in Nanjing after hisdeath, which is called "Ming Xiaoling". The second Emperor Zhu Yunwen (emperorJianwen) sent troops to Nanjing in the name of "Jingnan" (relieving theemperor's distress) because of his uncle Zhu Di. Some people say that when amonk became a monk, his whereabouts are unknown (this is a pending case in MingDynasty History), so there is no mausoleum. Zhu Qiyu, the seventh emperor, wascaptured by Wala because of his brother emperor Yingzong, and became emperorunder the will of the Empress Dowager and ministers. Later Yingzong was putback. Under the planning of his confidants, he made a "change of seizing thedoor". Yingzong was restored and became emperor again. In the Ming Tombs (14pieces), Zhu Qiyu was killed. Yingzong refused to recognize him as the emperorand destroyed his mausoleum built in Tianshou mountain. As a "King", he wasburied in Yuquan mountain in the western suburb of Beijing.

　　Zhimeng content management system

　　On the way to the Ming Tombs, you have to pass the West Pass of Changping.Naturally, you will see the bronze statue of Li Zicheng. It is said that thebronze statue was built in 1994 by famous sculptor Zhang Zhaoxu. It wasoriginally placed in xiaoyingkou, 10 kilometers away from Beijing's DeshengGate, where Li Zicheng marched into Beijing. Later, in order to build a highway,Li Zicheng's statue was moved to the west gate of Changping and placed at thegate of the Ming Tombs. Li Zicheng is a typical tragic figure. He rebelled for18 years and was in power for only 42 days. It will take one or two days toreally ascend the throne of the Dashun Dynasty. In his body, the most obviousembodiment of the cycle rate of "its prosperity is also vigorous, its death isalso sudden".