麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞(通用17篇)
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇1
Dear visitors:
Today we are going to visit lijiang. China's two major ancient city was UNESCO world cultural heritage list, they took a south north, each has its own characteristics, northern shanxi pingyao ancient city, is the south is the ancient city of lijiang in yunnan province. Lijiang dayan, baisha, beam river three relatively independent urban construction units, dayan ancient city is the concentration of their representatives, so people are often called dayan ancient city of lijiang. From the geographical terms, the dayan ancient city of lijiang is a famous Chinese and foreign ancient city of ethnic minorities plateau.
Formed in the early yuan dynasty of ancient city, has been a northwest yunnan commercial center since the Ming and qing dynasties and the connection of yunnan sichuan-tibet tea ma gu town, has been 800 years of history. Ancient city covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers, the elevation 2400 meters, inhabited by more than 6200 households, the resident population, about 25000 people, including naxi nationality population accounts for about 67%. Lijiang in December 8, 1986 was released by the state council as national famous historical and cultural city, December 4, 1997, is a UNESCO world heritage site.
Beneath our feet is a "map", and frogs, eight diagrams is the naxi ancestors create divination tools according to the theory of five elements. Design is crawling in the middle of a frog, back like a divination texts, abdominal across the arrow, symbol of the party five lines of colored eight. Now facing east, symbol "wood", color green; South frog mouth, mouth spit "fire", heat color red; Frog abdomen center, into a "soil", ochre yellow; Arrow pointing towards the west, the symbol "iron", iron color white; Frog end toward the north, and out of the "water", water color and black. In addition, the frog left limb pointing to the southeast, right limb pointing to the southwest, the left foot to the northeast, right foot to the northwest, and south, east, west, north, symbol of eight side sticks. Design with twelve animals around the image, since due east of order is, ox, tiger, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog, pig, rat, things to make. So, wood, fire, earth, iron, water five lines of each match male female and ten, then 60 cycle with 12 kinds of animals and ordinal number. Bargh figure of the naxi ancestors primitive cosmology, and even to the study of the origin of gossip, has important reference value.
Visitors, now we are at the square street. Sifang street is the center of the city square, it is a pavement linked together by rows of an approximate rectangle square street, street, covers an area of about 6 acres. Why call square street, there are two main types: one theory is that the shape of a square is the magistrate printing, like square by tusi named sifang street, from the meaning of "town square". Some will say, because the road leading to all directions of stream of people is in all directions, the logistics distribution center, so call square street. Southern China also has a trade channel called "tea ma gu", it is the Tibetan and lijiang horse, fur, medicinal herbs and other specialty and southern goods such as tea, silk, jewelry, a trade channel, old town of lijiang is the town in the tea-horse ancient road, the square street is the trade center of the town.
Maybe you have noticed the square street is not level, but slightly tilted east, is this why? Square street as the naxi proverb says, is a what are sold in addition to chicken bridle busy bazaars, a few days will have a lot of garbage, the old city and has no fixed cleaner, the ancient city of the people according to the topography, skillfully use of west river natural flushing street field. Way is: market are scattered in the afternoon, people with three pieces of ceiling a brake on the streets of river, west river, flood on river flow to the street, surrounded by the owner of the shop with a stick in the water drive, sewage flows into the east river, to thousands of hectares of farmland irrigation. Their street, the water in the river is clean, and free the law of sweeping the floor, this is afraid is in our city.
This is gong fang. Lijiang in the first year of yongzheng of the qing dynasty, namely "gai-tu-gui-liu policy", in 1723 AD by the original toast rule changes by the central government appointed officer has a certain term of flow rule, lijiang has just entered the society by the feudal lords feudal landlords and the society. The change of the social system inspired folk children study enthusiasm, from "gai-tu-gui-liu policy" to the abolition of the imperial qing dynasty 180 years, lijiang has a s a juren and seven jinshi. "Three for" a door in the developed areas of the central plains culture is not surprising that, in lijiang can be such a long ruled by toast frontier minority areas, it is a sensational joyous event, so the government and people donated here built a two layer of gong fang. Late qing dynasty, the alleys and out of the lijiang finally a jinshi and heptyl ji, so the villagers in the site after burn reconstruction gong fang, and up to three layers. In fact, from the "gai-tu-gui-liu policy" to cancel the imperial qing dynasty, the ancient city alone has two "three for a door". Now, population is more than 30 of the naxi nationality, but has hundreds of experts and professors; The annual college entrance examination enrollment, per capita in the province has been leading the way. Naxi nationality is, as it were, a people advocating culture, good at learning.
Visitors, thank you for your cooperation. Here, visitors can free activities for 1 hour. Activity was over here to set. Pay attention to safety!
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇2
Many times, see words about lijiang in travel magazine. In the article, and can only be drifted off the outline of lijiang is roughly a shape. Finally unbearable curious and decided to look at himself.
What is real, just discover the charm of lijiang cannot hide.
Though lijiang experienced an earthquake hit, however, the ancient city of presented today in good condition, really impressive.
Although many visitors, but still not impede the perfection of its quiet beautiful.
If say the west lake calm without a billow of intrinsic lucrative ci, such as wide charm of the taihu lake and graceful belle, that in my eyes, the lijiang, more like a girl, not yet married in purdah with ignorance of limpid eyes looked at the tourists from all over the world. While her ignorance, not because of stupid and isolation, but inherent trust in the world, the pursuit of human nature is the most pure nature.
Walk alone along the green flag of the ancient city of lijiang road, despite the hustle and bustle around, but when listening to the baseboard and bluestone knocking sound, the heart is very quiet. Just want to live the rest of my life here, the sunrise, whether. More like the ancient way of life. Even if difficult, even without the neon of prosperous, but as long as you can with the stone road, stone bridge, clear water, the breeze stroke face everyday, wicker flying, is already enough.
With Ruth mood walk here, where a worry should step to the next, so long as accompanies with this beautiful have don't have to speak. Are not afraid to get lost, anyway, no matter when, the ancient city of of primitive simplicity of folk will refer to led me where is the way home. Now, only need to take daily life very precious hours to calm, will be enough.
After numerous small store on the way, what's inside, cheap delicate, fondle admiringly. Have no such impulse, want to buy many things, even if back also is useless, but now came in hand, no matter how to don't want to put down.
Manage to make do it is not possible. Repeatedly to weigh the pros and cons, bought a belt with the hand catenary of style restoring ancient ways. Put on the arm of the slender, have bigger, sliding up and down on the forearm. Small pieces of the chain OO rustling ringing off the hook, but how also won't feel upset. As the ancient town, always quiet and not anxious. So I think about it, no matter how impatient and calculating the daily, here, is inevitably stop stop to enjoy! What bargaining skill, here, with really will feel ashamed.
Clear water, without pollution. The young fish in the river, clever swinging tail, gently artful artful pick a spray to swim around. When looking at their corners of the mouth is can't help laughing. Like watching newborn children, with the changes have not experienced the vicissitudes of ethereal lively glides across the heart, provoking heart trembled, shake up a wave of tender.
Can't help but think of the very lovely to make a sentence: "fish swim, water is very lively."
I want to, and only the heart of a child will have such a special imagination! Similarly, only with a childlike have tarnished heart silently watching, can find the beauty of the ancient city of lijiang.
I have some things in life, is always help themselves. But I am glad, lijiang is also such a place, can let me calm down, and even content with life here, every day, as long as can look at the ancient city of every inch of land, every plant, every stone bridge, it is good.
So even if leave, as long as, in here, I return to the nature of innocence. Like a child, what to do, don't have to care about the consequences, as long as happy, as long as the feel this world purity, horse, would not regret.
Small bridge, flowing water, somebody else, in the heart very clear, I will never miss.
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇3
Lijiang is a very ethnic characteristics. Even the airport antique. Lijiang ancient city construction are all local naxi style. And modern city. And the city can't driving, only line of the horse.
Only the ancient city inn no hotel, we stayed at a place great inn. Neighbour to the lively square street, inside inn is very quiet, style is a bit like Beijing courtyard house, this is the building of the naxi nationality.
The first day we went to the mu's residence.
Mu's residence, also called wood palace. Is a local tusi (local highest officials) office and living place. Impressive, really a little emperor's taste.
Into a big family, is the place that toast in the office, there is a chair. Covered with a real tiger skins, toast will accept minister worship here, in front of the chair there is a carpet, by the minister.
The second is to collect books pavilion, called Wan Juanlou. This building was the tallest building, there are three layers. The first layer is toast the place of study. Only a few tables and chairs, there is a display case, demonstrates the toast studying buddhist scriptures. On the second floor is the place of books, put the two rows of big bookcase, but no books in it. The display case in front of the several modern book. From the third floor can see jade dragon snow mountain, the mountain is the second mountain in yunnan province. There is also a toast rest place.
After we went to the HuFaDian. Here is the place of our ancestors. A statue standing in front, before the gods have a tablet, it read: emperor division, it means: to worship the first day, and then, next is the emperor, relatives, teachers.
"Local tyrant" worthy. This toast mu's residence built well. But why call "mu's residence? Because before, in lijiang, a few name of wood, ordinary people are first and last, now or so. So a person, if the name is wood, his house is a few before, first and last, it is people. Neither without last name and surname wood, that is not local.
The next day we went to the jade dragon snow mountain.
From the bottom up, has been can feel cold. Although not all covered with snow on the mountain, but also can see a glacier. We take little bolts in the mountain. Unfortunately, cableway in maintenance. Small cableway only up to the sea dials 3000 while large cableway to 4506 m.
Can see the snow on the mountain peaks. This mountain is not high, but it has never been conquered. Because of the mountains, rocks have been weathered couldn't climb up.
Then we rode to the spruce meadow. Here are all spruce trees, has a long history. Like a guard, protected the snow mountain. Snow mountain is like a old man, take care of the spruce. The land of wild flowers, spruce, snow-capped mountains and rainbow, formed a unique landscape.
On the third day, we come to city sea horse. One to the racecourse, first heard a few clear and crisp scream. I was the first time in close contact and horses. These horses are all brown and black, there is no "prince charming".
Our road right away. Ride a horse don't like to ride a bike, how to ride it. Ride a horse to put straight to the bottom, otherwise will uncomfortable, will run wild. I would have felt before. The body forward, up/down the body leaned back, this also should pay attention to.
Along the way, although invisible stream but also can hear the sound stream. Made of green barrier, there are still those dots of light. The owner told us that this is the tea horse road site. Caravan is go here before. Caravan carrying the goods such as tea, silk with horses to groups of other countries. So here is the tea horse road.
At noon, we ate a caravan of rice. Actually is also a plate hoosh with rice, but also quite tasty. Finished we'll ride down the hill.
One to the foot, kaka (I) the name of the horse will gallop. The reason. But really not the kui is kaka, run very fast. My head turned 360 degrees, but I'm not dizzy, don't be left out.
The fourth day, we came to da cuo national park.
First of all, we came to belong to all. The scenery is too beautiful. Mountain by water, water, surrounded by mountains; Mountain water, mountain water. Still can see the green lake, as if returned to the development of science and technology haven't before. From any Angle, a lake with pictures of any kind of camera, can when the computer desktop.
Then another unnamed lake. Go for a short time under the sudden hail! The first time I saw the hail, bean big grains of ice fall down, it's beautiful. The lake at the air after the rain, as if to fairyland. Mist, real or imagined.
To lijiang, it was worthwhile!
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇4
玉水寨位于麗江城區(qū)北部約15公里處,白沙鎮(zhèn)玉龍雪山腳下,山寨風(fēng)光自然淳樸,尤其是空靈清澈的水景使人贊嘆。這里還是納西族的東巴教圣地,可以了解關(guān)于祭祀、造紙等獨(dú)特燦爛的納西族文化。
走進(jìn)玉水寨的景區(qū)大門,首先震撼人的就是神龍三疊水的水景。景區(qū)內(nèi)有一股清泉從兩株老樹下留出,化作層層疊疊、大大小小近十個(gè)白珠飛濺的瀑布。傳說神泉的泉眼處是自然神出沒的地方,神把水疊成幾疊,于是造就了這錯(cuò)落有致的神龍三疊水瀑布群。溪水匯入玉水潭,潭中養(yǎng)殖有金鱒魚和虹鱒魚,游人匯聚潭邊,即可欣賞魚水和諧的場景。
除了水景之外,這里也是納西族東巴教的發(fā)源地,寨內(nèi)和合院是納西族東巴教神靈的居所,建有東巴文物展覽廳,陳列著古老的東巴經(jīng)書、木偶、法器等。和合院的正中央,是東巴教最高的圣殿“玉水緣”大殿,供奉著東巴教始祖東巴什羅、納西族保護(hù)神三多等眾多神祗。
另外,你還可以參觀民俗院內(nèi)東巴紙?jiān)旒埛、東巴酒釀酒坊、織布機(jī)等,了解古老東巴民族的造紙、釀酒、織造技藝,欣賞到納西族本土民間古樂《白沙細(xì)樂》的表演。景區(qū)每年會按納西族傳統(tǒng),定期舉行祭天、祭風(fēng)、祭自然神等活動;農(nóng)歷三月五日在和合院會舉行盛大的東巴法會,如果恰好遇到東巴祭天和祭神活動,可以更深刻了解東巴教的神韻,非常幸運(yùn)。
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇5
Hello everyone, my name is hong, are you the lijiang tour guide, I hope you have fun in the tour.
I told you so much, everybody also saw so many, but is coming into the city, how didn't see the gate? Actually is invisible to the guests, this is also the one of the ancient city of lijiang, can't see the gate, could not see the wall, because there is no ancient city walls and gates, because the head of the naxi nationality name is "wood" if built walls and gates became "trapped" word, so ancient city without walls, also does not have the gates.
Into the old town of lijiang, see the square street. Square street, like the spider web, southeast of the northwest each have a way to it. Sifang street was paved by the multicolored, heels, on a multicolored sounds don't have a new idea, the sound is ringing, somewhat like the sound of a bell. Sifang street is the center of the city square, natural adornment beautiful and distinctive, even the inn is very beautiful. Sifang street inn is located in the center of the lijiang ancient city square street plaza, has a unique environmental advantages. Inn garden Bridges, lush flowers and trees, inherited the naxi ethnic aesthetic temperament and interest, one thousand years is harmony, harmonious concept of natural life. Inn each room design is unique, you can walk in the square street, absolutely no two rooms are the same.
The old town of lijiang have to put the light! Lijiang has a very special custom, is light. Put the lamp is old town of lijiang river of an ancient custom. It is said that each night, the dragon king of ying tan will follow the ancient city of jade river cruise, put a river light points to the dragon king the lighting, not only can protect the ancient city of peace, can make oneself and family get the dragon king bless and luck, success in the coming days. This legend. Put a river light, make a wish.
In many parts of lijiang is very beautiful, said also said not net, I hope you have a chance to be touring. This time you have fun? The answer is yes!!!! The chance next time I will take you to see the scenery of the ancient city of lijiang again!
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇6
大家好!我是你們游覽麗江古城的導(dǎo)游。我很高興能與大家共度這快樂時(shí)光!我姓林,我叫大家可以叫我林導(dǎo)游就行了。
請大家跟我來。這里是麗江古城。我先給大家簡單介紹一下麗江古城。麗江古城又名大研鎮(zhèn),坐落在麗江壩中部,稱為“保存最為完好的四大古城”之一。它是中國歷史文化名城中唯一沒有城墻的古城。麗江古城地處云貴高原,海拔2400余米,全城面積達(dá)3。8平方公里,自古就是遠(yuǎn)近聞名的集市和重鎮(zhèn)。古城現(xiàn)有居民6200多戶,25000余人。其中,納西族占總?cè)丝诮^大多數(shù),有30%的居民仍在從事以銅銀器制作、皮毛皮革、紡織、釀造業(yè)為主的傳統(tǒng)手工業(yè)和商業(yè)活動。
麗江古城內(nèi)的街道依山傍水修建,鋪的大多都是紅色角礫巖,雨季不會泥濘、旱季也不會飛灰,石上花紋圖案自然雅致?矗饣瑵崈舻那嗍迓、完全手工建造的土木結(jié)構(gòu)的房屋、無處不在的小橋流水。
前面就是古城中心的四方街了。這里工藝品琳瑯滿目,人氣興旺。來古城沒有不來四方街的。
麗江古城歷史悠久,古樸自然。城市布局錯(cuò)落有致,既具有山城風(fēng)貌,又富于水鄉(xiāng)韻味。麗江民居既融和了漢、白、彝、藏各民族精華,又有納西族的獨(dú)特風(fēng)采,很獨(dú)特吧!
今天,我就給大家介紹到這里。祝大家旅愉快!記住你們出去看這里的什么東西的時(shí)候你們不能扔?xùn)|西在地上,要扔就扔在垃圾箱里。你們在玩的時(shí)候要注意安全,自己的行李、東西保護(hù)好點(diǎn)。
教師點(diǎn)評:作為導(dǎo)游詞你介紹的很詳細(xì),“請大家跟我來”“前面就是”這樣的銜接也非常自然,好。但作為我們的作文導(dǎo)游詞不必要面面俱到。
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇7
親愛的旅客朋友們:
我是你們的導(dǎo)游。我叫青嚴(yán)茜,你們可以叫我小青。今天我們要去麗江古城。
麗江古城位于中國西南部云南省的麗江納西族自治縣,始建于公元13世紀(jì)后期。古城海拔2400余米,自古就是遠(yuǎn)近聞名的集市和重鎮(zhèn)。古城現(xiàn)有居民25000余人。其中,納西族占總?cè)丝诮^大多數(shù),有30%的居民仍在從事以銅銀器制作、皮毛皮革、釀造業(yè)為主的傳統(tǒng)手工業(yè)和商業(yè)活動。
在麗江古城區(qū)內(nèi)的玉河水系上,修建有橋梁354座,其密度為平均每平方公里93座。橋梁較著名的有鎖翠橋、大石橋、萬千橋、南門橋、馬鞍橋、仁壽橋,均建于公元14~19世紀(jì)。
古城里的五鳳樓始建于明代公元1620xx年,樓高20米。因其建筑形制酷似五只飛來的彩鳳,故名“五鳳樓”,樓內(nèi)的天花板上還繪有多種精美的圖案。
麗江古城歷史悠久,古樸自然。麗江民居既融和了漢、白、彝、藏各民族精華,又有納西族的獨(dú)特風(fēng)采,是研究中國建筑史、文化史不可多得的重遺產(chǎn)。麗江古城包容著豐富的民族傳統(tǒng)文化,是研人類文化發(fā)展的重要史料。
今天的旅行到此結(jié)束,拜拜。
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇8
大家好,我是你們的導(dǎo)游——張希睿,你們可以叫我張導(dǎo)游。我將帶大家游覽古老美麗的麗江古城,請大家保管好自己的隨身物品,不要亂扔垃圾,也不要亂涂亂畫。謝謝大家的配合,祝大家旅途愉快。
游客們,麗江古城是世界文化遺產(chǎn),現(xiàn)在我們來到了古城的入口,大家看到了,面前是偉大的主席親自題寫的字,還有兩架古老的大水車,大家可以拍照留念。
水車常年轉(zhuǎn)著,那“吱吱”的聲音似乎歡慶著大家的到來?,那邊站著兩個(gè)銅人,你們覺得雕刻得像不像?其實(shí)呀,那兩個(gè)栩栩如生的銅人是活生生的人化妝而成的,大家喜歡的話就去拍照吧!
現(xiàn)在大家來到四方街,四方街可熱鬧了,特別是在一年一度的火把節(jié),人們會篝火跳左腳舞呢!如果你覺得不好玩,你可以去逛街,買一些具有民族特色的布娃娃、圍巾和鞋子,送給朋友和親人,他們一定會喜歡,還可以拿出去炫耀炫耀呢!
大家一定很期待下一個(gè)景點(diǎn)是什么吧?朋友們,這可是個(gè)神奇的地方,“叫天天答應(yīng),叫地地答應(yīng)”的東巴許愿風(fēng)鈴,在這里許下你的愿望吧!
下一個(gè)風(fēng)景線是“藍(lán)月谷”,藍(lán)月谷是由玉龍雪山的冰雪融化成河水,從雪山的一條山谷流下形成的,因月亮在天空的映襯下倒映在藍(lán)色的湖水中,所以故名“藍(lán)月谷”。這是一個(gè)美麗浪漫的地方,大家可以在這自由活動啦!
游客們,今天我們的游覽到此結(jié)束,希望大家能記住古城的神秘古老與熱情美麗。歡迎大家下次再來,我們有緣再見!拜拜!
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇9
各位游客:
今天我們要去麗江古城游覽。我國有兩大古城被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄,它們分列一南一北,各具特色,北方是山西的平遙古城,南方是云南的麗江古城。麗江古城由大研、白沙、束河三個(gè)相對獨(dú)立的城建單元組成,大研古城是它們的集中代表,所以人們也常常把大研古城叫做麗江古城。從地域來講,麗江大研古城是一座馳名中外的少數(shù)民族高原古城。
[大研古城的位置→歷史]
大研古城位于麗江盆地的中心。請看盆地西南角聳立著酷似書天巨筆的文筆峰,麗江盆地則像一方碧玉做成的大硯臺,古時(shí)“研”和“硯”相通,所以古城就叫大研,難怪人們說麗江文化昌盛是因?yàn)辂惤婌`毓秀、地靈人杰。
古城形成于宋末元初,明清以來一直是滇西北商貿(mào)中心和連接滇川藏的茶馬古道重鎮(zhèn),至今已有800多年歷史了。古城面積3.8平方公里,海拔2400米左右,居住著6200余戶人家,常住人口約有2.5萬多人,其中納西族人口約占67%。麗江古城在1986年12月8日被國務(wù)院公布為國家歷史文化名城,1997年12月4日又被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)。
[古城選址]
麗江古城除了同蘇州古城一樣具有“小橋流水人家”的特色外,還在古城選址、街道布局、納西民居等方面別具一格。古城北靠金虹山,西倚獅子山,東南向著千頃沃野,地勢北高南低。這樣的位置,冬阻西北寒流,夏送東南暖風(fēng),使古城冬暖夏涼,氣候舒適宜人,我們身邊的玉河水則為古城提供了潔凈而充足的水源?梢哉f,古城的選址是十分科學(xué)的。
[水車→照壁→水龍柱]
我們面前的水車,有人說它是子母水車,也有人說它是情人水車。過去古城里就有水車,今天在一些偏遠(yuǎn)地方也還在使用。它可以用來舂米磨面,如果人住在高處或要灌溉的田地在高處,但水在低處流,還可以用它來提水。
水車旁是寫有江題詞的照壁,古城里有三房一照壁的民居,那照壁就像這個(gè)樣子。照壁右側(cè)是水龍柱。龍是管水的,古城里的土木建筑最怕火,但水能克火,所以立了這個(gè)水龍柱,以表達(dá)古城人民免除火災(zāi)的愿望。千百年來,古城人民像愛護(hù)自己的眼睛一樣愛護(hù)古城,也請各位朋友像古城人民一樣愛護(hù)古城,不亂扔煙頭垃圾。
[世界遺產(chǎn)徽記→石刻墻→巴格圖]
再看世界文化遺產(chǎn)徽記圖案。外圈呈圓形代表地球、代表大自然;正方形內(nèi)框?yàn)閮芍皇趾蠂砣祟惖膭?chuàng)造;圓圈和方框內(nèi)外密切相連,表示人與自然要和諧統(tǒng)一,麗江古城就是人與自然和諧統(tǒng)一的杰作。環(huán)繞圓圈的文字,分別是中文、英文、法文的“世界遺產(chǎn)”一詞。
右邊的這堵石刻墻,采用丹霞地貌區(qū)特有的砂巖雕成,是因整治古城外圍環(huán)境,于1999年建成的景觀。這堵巨型浮雕墻,高9米,長55米,名為“麗江古城盛世圖”,展現(xiàn)了世界文化遺產(chǎn)麗江古城的白沙古鎮(zhèn)、束河古鎮(zhèn)、大研古城三個(gè)片區(qū)的古代日常生活場景。其代表性場景有白沙壁畫、束河四方街、大石橋、大研四方街,還刻有東巴象形文字、納西古樂演奏、男耕女織、古城民居大屋頂,是一幅濃郁的納西風(fēng)情畫,稱得上是麗江的“清明上河圖”。
我們腳下是“巴格圖”,又叫青蛙八卦圖,是納西先民根據(jù)五行學(xué)說創(chuàng)造的占卜工具。圖案正中爬著一只青蛙,背上似有占卜經(jīng)文,腹部橫穿著一支箭,象征五方五行五色八位。箭桿朝東,象征“木”,木色青;蛙嘴朝南,嘴吐“火”,火色紅;蛙腹居中,化為“土”,土色黃;箭頭朝西,象征“鐵”,鐵色白;蛙尾朝北,撒出“水”,水色黑。此外,蛙的左肢指向東南,右肢指向西南,左腳指向東北,右腳指向西北,加上東、南、西、北,象征八方卦位。圖案周圍標(biāo)有十二種動物形象,從正東方起的次序是寅虎、卯兔、辰龍、巳蛇、午馬、未羊、申猴、酉雞、戌犬、亥豬、子鼠、丑牛。這樣,木、火、土、鐵、水五行各配公母而得十,然后循環(huán)配與十二種動物而得六十序數(shù)。民間東巴祭司以青蛙軀體部位象征宇宙空間方位,布局陰陽五行、十天干、十二地支、八方八門,使之形成了特殊的占卜圖,用來解釋自然界,預(yù)測人類生活。巴格圖對研究納西先民的原始宇宙觀,乃至對研究八卦起源,都具有重要的參考價(jià)值。
[古城布局]
古城的街道和房屋布局,可以說是以水為脈,隨勢自然。象山腳下的黑龍?zhí)度鞒銮组L的玉河,玉河泉水在這里分為西河、中河、東河,在古城里再分成更多的支流走街過巷,穿墻進(jìn)院,流遍全城,使麗江古城富有小橋流水人家的審美情趣。古城的街道、房屋隨著水勢、山勢自然伸展,與我國許多古城的方正嚴(yán)整的棋盤式布局迥然不同,更體現(xiàn)出一種“天人合一”的園林之美。以水為脈的布局也告訴我們,如果哪位朋友在古城中迷了路,那么,只要逆流而上就能走出古城,走到入口這里。下面就請大家跟我沿著西河畔的新華街進(jìn)入古城吧!
[五花石街道]
可能有的朋友已注意到我們腳下的鋪路石,這叫五花石。古城里鋪的都是這種美麗的砂礫石板,經(jīng)過千百年人馬的踩磨,已經(jīng)相當(dāng)光滑。這樣的街道旱不灰、雨不泥,如果是在陣雨過后進(jìn)古城,街道被雨水沖刷得干干凈凈,就像一條五彩斑斕的“花道”伸向遠(yuǎn)方,簡直美不勝收。這種五花石是花崗石的一種,古城里鋪的都是這種石頭,難怪日本客人說:“你們麗江人真闊氣呀!”
[小橋→流水→人家]
大家看,我們左邊是西河,它流向四方街,流向木府,我們的右邊是隨著山勢而建的納西民居。這里玉水瀅瀅,垂柳依依,木橋座座,瓦屋鱗鱗,一幅“小橋流水人家”的景色。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),在古城3.8平方公里的范圍內(nèi)就有石拱橋、石板橋、櫟木橋365座。麗江古城既是一座水城,也是一座橋城。水,對古城來說,是脈絡(luò),是血液,水使古城充滿活力,水給古城平添秀色?梢哉f,沒有了水,麗江古城將失去一半的嫵媚。
游客們,在這古城里,除了這水給古城帶來活力外,還有一個(gè)給古城帶來活力的方面,那就是居民。直到今天,以納西族為主的各族人民仍然工作和生活在古城里。他們自然祥和的生活,使古城古風(fēng)猶存而又生機(jī)盎然,因此人們又把麗江古城譽(yù)為“活著的古城”。大家隨時(shí)可以見到納西大媽們,身著寬腰大袖上衣,腰系百褶圍腰,背披七星羊皮,在經(jīng)商,在娛樂。她們年輕時(shí)披星戴月地勞作,現(xiàn)在則老有所為,老有所樂。她們有時(shí)在古城中聯(lián)袂而行,成為與古城十分和諧的一道風(fēng)景,請各位注意觀察。
[四方街]
游客們,現(xiàn)在我們到了四方街。四方街是古城的中心廣場,它是由成排連接的鋪面圍成的一塊近似長方形的廣場街面,街場占地約有6畝。為什么叫四方街,主要有兩種說法:一種說法是因?yàn)閺V場的形狀很像方形的知府大印,由土司取名叫四方街,取“權(quán)鎮(zhèn)四方”之意。也有人說是因?yàn)檫@里的道路通向四面八方,是四面八方的人流、物流集散地,所以叫四方街。四方街為什么這樣有名呢?如果說我國北方有一條世界聞名的貿(mào)易通道——絲綢之路的話,那么,我國南方也有一條被稱為“茶馬古道”的貿(mào)易通道,它是藏區(qū)以及麗江的馬匹、毛皮、藥材等特產(chǎn)和南方的茶葉、絲綢、珠寶等商品的一條貿(mào)易通道,麗江古城是茶馬古道上的重鎮(zhèn),而四方街則是這個(gè)重鎮(zhèn)的貿(mào)易中心。
古往今來,白天,這里商賈云集,買賣興隆,并且自然地歸行劃市,連周圍的幾座橋都成了一些商品的專賣地,如科貢坊前的這座橋叫“賣豌豆橋”,西南角的這座橋叫“賣鴨蛋橋”。到了夜晚,特別是節(jié)日的夜晚,這里又成了各族兒女的歌壇舞池,人們?nèi)计痼艋穑谶@里對唱山歌,跳起鍋莊、阿麗哩、蘆笙舞,通宵達(dá)旦。如果你巧逢這樣的盛會,也會情不自禁地加入到他們的行列中。明代木公土司的詩句“一匝蘆笙吹未斷、踏歌起舞月明中”,就是這種盛況的真實(shí)寫照。
也許大家已注意到四方街并不水平,而是向東稍有傾斜,這是為什么呢?四方街就如納西諺語所說的,是個(gè)除了雞轡頭什么都有賣的熱鬧集市,沒幾天就會有許多垃圾,古城又沒有固定的清潔工,古城人民就根據(jù)地勢,巧妙地利用西河水自然沖洗街場。做法是:下午集市散了,人們就用三塊鋪板在街頭河上一閘,西河水就漫上河岸流向街場,四周店鋪的主人則用棍子乘著水勢挑撥,污水流入東河,去灌溉千頃農(nóng)田。利用河水自流洗街,既干凈,又免了掃地之勞,這在我國的城市中恐怕是絕無僅有的。
[科貢坊]
這是科貢坊,原來是為這個(gè)小巷里楊家的“一門三舉”而建的。麗江在清朝的雍正元年,也就是公元1723年實(shí)行“改土歸流”,即由原來的土司統(tǒng)治改變?yōu)橛芍醒胝傻挠幸欢ㄈ纹诘牧鞴俳y(tǒng)治,麗江從此就由封建領(lǐng)主社會進(jìn)入了封建地主社會。社會制度的變革極大地激發(fā)了民間子弟的讀書熱情,從“改土歸流”到清末廢除科舉180年的時(shí)間里,麗江先后出了六十幾位舉人和七位進(jìn)士!耙婚T三舉”在文化發(fā)達(dá)的中原地區(qū)不足為奇,可在麗江這樣一個(gè)長期由土司統(tǒng)治的邊疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū),卻是一樁具有轟動效應(yīng)的大喜事,于是官府和民眾捐資在這里建了一座兩層的科貢坊。清朝末年,這個(gè)小巷里又出了麗江最后一位進(jìn)士和庚吉,于是鄉(xiāng)親們在被燒毀后的原址上重建科貢坊,并且升為三層。實(shí)際上,從“改土歸流”到清末取消科舉,光古城就有兩家“一門三舉”,F(xiàn)在,人口只有三十多萬的納西族,卻擁有成百的專家教授;每年的高考錄取人數(shù),按人口平均數(shù)在省內(nèi)也一直名列前茅?梢哉f,納西族是一個(gè)崇尚文化、善于學(xué)習(xí)的民族。好了,大家可以在四方街活動30分鐘,也可以買一些土特產(chǎn)和紀(jì)念品,30分鐘后在這里集合。下面我們前往“納西四合院”參觀。
[納西民居→四季博古]
納西族的善于學(xué)習(xí)也反映在古城的民居建設(shè)上。古城民居在廣泛吸收漢、白、藏等民族建筑文化的同時(shí),也把本民族的建筑文化和審美意識融其中,形成了許多具有納西特色的三房一照壁、四合五天井、前后院、一進(jìn)兩院等等,并在門樓、前廊的設(shè)置和天井鋪地、門窗隔扇等方面形成了濃郁的地方特色和民族特色。目前,整個(gè)麗江古城(包括白沙、束河)的重點(diǎn)保護(hù)民居共有140戶,而大研古城里就有112戶,F(xiàn)在我們就進(jìn)入“納西四合院”參觀。這是四合五天井,四合就是東南西北四方房屋,每相鄰兩房之間有一個(gè)小天井,加上中間的大天井共有五個(gè)天井,所以叫四合五天井。這四方房屋的樓上樓下都是相通的,所以又叫“走馬轉(zhuǎn)角樓”。大家看,這四方房屋的前檐柱下都墊有很高的五花石柱礎(chǔ),既保護(hù)了柱腳,又很美觀,卻不利于房屋的防震抗震,而麗江可是一個(gè)多地震區(qū)啊!主人難道不懂得這一點(diǎn)嗎?大家說呢?原來,這種“走馬轉(zhuǎn)角樓”有一個(gè)特點(diǎn),就是相鄰兩房有一棵前檐柱是共用的,兩房的山架斗在同一棵柱子上,建筑上稱之為“同梁合柱”。這種結(jié)構(gòu),不僅省了一棵柱子,還使房屋間的連接更加牢固,具有良好的抗震性能,所以主人才用那么高的柱礎(chǔ)。
如果問這個(gè)四合院里哪一部分最富有納西特色,那就是堂屋的六合門和六合門上的窗芯——“四季博古”。雖說這些也是學(xué)習(xí)漢族、白族文化的結(jié)果,但是到了現(xiàn)在,已沒有哪一個(gè)民族像納西族這樣居家必有六合門,必有四季博古。這六合門,可裝可卸,方便靈活,開則為門,關(guān)則為窗,平時(shí)只開中間兩扇,遇有紅白二事、客人較多時(shí),六扇門均可卸下來。所雕的窗芯稱為四季博古,構(gòu)圖內(nèi)容多為四季花卉、博古器物,以寄托納西人民四季吉祥、福祿壽禧、耕讀傳家的美好意愿。大家看,這叫“松鶴同春”,寓“春”和“壽”;這是“喜鵲爭梅”,寓“冬”和“禧”;這是“鷹立菊叢”,寓“秋”和“!;這是“鷺鷥采蓮”,寓“夏”和“祿”;這是“孔雀玉蘭”、“錦雞牡丹”,請大家展開聯(lián)想,看看它們有何寓意。
[麗江紫禁城“木府”]
現(xiàn)在我們就順著木府的護(hù)城河前往木府。姓木的土司曾統(tǒng)治麗江四百多年,在占盡天時(shí)地利的獅子山麓,營造了規(guī)模宏大的土司府衙,被人們稱為木府,護(hù)城河從北、東、南三面環(huán)繞著木府。大家會說,這也算護(hù)城河嗎?原來護(hù)城河是又寬又深的,“改土歸流”后,隨著土司勢力的衰落,護(hù)城河就越來越小了。
麗江古城還有一奇,那就是古城沒有城墻,這是為什么呢?請大家回答。我來提示一下:土司姓木,而且歷代土司熱心于學(xué)習(xí)漢文化,也講究文字避諱,請大家從漢字上去考慮。對了,木家居住的地方如果筑了城墻,就如同“木”字加了個(gè)框,成了“困”字,這當(dāng)然不行。還有別的什么原因,就請大家見仁見智,議論一番吧!
木府快到了,我們面前的這座木牌坊上寫著什么?“天雨流芳”,對。這“天雨流芳”四個(gè)字,原是明代的木公土司寫的,后來散佚,現(xiàn)在我們看到的,是納西族書法家、云南省書法家協(xié)會主席李群杰先生補(bǔ)書的。這四個(gè)字,既可以用漢語解釋,同時(shí)它又是一句納西話。用漢語可解釋為“皇恩浩蕩像春雨一樣滋潤著神州大地”;在納西語里,“天雨流芳”是“去看書吧”的意思,真可謂一語雙意,別出心裁。
木府到了。據(jù)說木府是仿照北京紫禁城建造的,這種僭越本分的做法,在等級森嚴(yán)的古代是決不允許的,因此,木氏土司從不讓外人進(jìn)去,連徐霞客也不例外。徐霞客受木增土司的邀請,在1639年明朝末期來到麗江,遠(yuǎn)望著樓閣巍峨的木府,在他的《徐霞客游記》里寫下了“宮室之麗、擬于王者”的感嘆,這句話已寫在東邊的照壁上。
這座石拱橋形似馬鞍,叫金鞍橋,又叫玉帶橋。這座橋之特殊在于它的長寬之比,一般的石拱橋,長比寬要長,這座橋則不然,它長僅3米,寬卻達(dá)9.6米,這是為什么呢?原來木氏土司出巡或者回府,總是八抬大轎以示顯赫威嚴(yán),橋太窄當(dāng)然不行,還同時(shí)考慮到這橋與高大的忠義坊之間的呼應(yīng)協(xié)調(diào)。
木氏土司對中央政府忠心耿耿,上貢不斷,特別是明朝萬歷年間,據(jù)說木增土司曾用馬幫馱著萬兩金銀,萬里迢迢到京城進(jìn)貢,明神宗大受感動,欽賜“忠義”二字,并下圣旨建這忠義石牌坊。土司對朝廷的忠義還可以從木府大門的對聯(lián)上看出來,“鳳詔每來紅日近,鶴書不到白云閑”。這副對聯(lián)來自木泰土司所寫的納西族第一首漢文詩《兩關(guān)使節(jié)》,意思是皇帝的詔書一來,就好像離太陽更近了,感到十分溫暖;如果好久沒接到朝廷的文書,那么,就覺得天上的白云都懶散了。請大家進(jìn)木府參觀。
[仁壽橋→大石橋→阿溢璨]
現(xiàn)在我們前往百歲坊、大石橋、阿溢璨游覽。大家看,在臨街的房屋中,有的不是正面朝街,而是山墻一面朝街,對這一點(diǎn),與梁思成齊名的我國著名建筑學(xué)家劉敦楨教授1938年來麗江考察時(shí)曾給予很高的評價(jià)。請大家想一想山面朝街的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。由于中式建筑不太高大,屋坡又長,如果正面朝街則采光不足,所以山面朝街的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是采光好。
仁壽橋到了。這是中河,這里本來只有櫟木橋,清朝后期這個(gè)巷道里一戶納西人家出現(xiàn)過一位長壽老人,叫年世光,他活了108歲,一時(shí)傳為佳話。于是,官府和街坊捐銀建了這座仁壽橋,又叫百歲坊橋,并在東邊五六十米處建過一座木制的百歲坊,這個(gè)巷道也就叫百歲坊了。
現(xiàn)在我們到了大石橋。這座橋建于明代,已有五六百年的歷史。它是古城中最大的石拱橋,是古城的東、西兩個(gè)部分的交通要道。“大石橋”名符其實(shí),它又是四方街集市的延伸,曾經(jīng)是麻布的專賣地,所以又叫賣麻布橋。
游到這里,大家對古城可算是一飽眼福啦。如果大家還想一飽口福的話,可別忘了抽個(gè)時(shí)間到附近的街巷里品嘗麗江粑粑和雞豆涼粉,它們可是麗江最著名的風(fēng)味小吃。您既可以來個(gè)麗江粑粑酥油茶,或者來一個(gè)麗江粑粑雞豆涼粉,這雞豆涼粉還可以趁熱蘸粑粑,也可以涼拌了吃。不論哪種吃法,都能讓你余香滿口,回味不已。
現(xiàn)在我們前往阿溢璨。麗江古城開始是由中河兩岸的若干村落發(fā)展、連接而成,阿溢璨是最早的村落之一。我們面前的泉水井叫阿溢璨水井,井水甘冽純凈,據(jù)說還有養(yǎng)顏益壽的功效。井旁的碗是為方便行人喝水而放置的,由此也可以看出麗江民風(fēng)之淳樸。在過去,古城里有鄉(xiāng)規(guī)民約,晚上十點(diǎn)前后到第二天的早上十點(diǎn)前后,是居民到河里打飲用水的時(shí)間,任何人不得在河里浣洗或扔垃圾。假如過了這段時(shí)間還要打飲用水,就要到散布在古城中的單眼泉水井或三眼井里去打,這就保證了古城居民的生活用水。
[大研古樂會→東巴宮]
我們左邊東大街有著名的大研古樂會和東巴宮,他們的古樂演奏各有特色。麗江目前有十幾支這樣的古樂隊(duì)活躍在城鄉(xiāng)。這里演奏的古樂分為“白沙細(xì)樂”和“麗江洞經(jīng)音樂”兩個(gè)部分。“白沙細(xì)樂”是土生土長的納西音樂,是我國四大古樂之一,有篤、一封書、三思吉等調(diào)子,曲調(diào)舒緩深沉,纏綿悱惻!胞惤唇(jīng)音樂”原來是宮廷和道教音樂,有一江風(fēng)、山坡羊、水龍吟等曲牌,由于麗江特殊的地理位置和納西人民對古樂的鐘愛,許多在中原地區(qū)已經(jīng)失傳的曲牌,卻在云嶺深處的麗江保存了下來。經(jīng)過在麗江幾百年的流傳,已具有比較濃郁的納西韻味,所以叫“麗江洞經(jīng)音樂”。納西古樂的演奏以“三古”著稱于世。哪三古呢?古樂曲、古樂器、古稀老人。在古樂演奏中,除了傳統(tǒng)的笛子、云鑼、古箏等等以外,還有波伯、蘇古篤等在外地難得一見的古樂器,加上演奏者多是白髯飄飄的耄耋老人。在古色古香的氛圍里聆聽古樂,會覺得古風(fēng)拂面,超凡脫俗,油然而生“此曲只應(yīng)天上有、人間哪得幾回聞”的感覺,從而起到陶冶情操、凈化靈魂的作用。今晚我們要去聆聽納西古樂,到時(shí)候再作詳細(xì)介紹。
過去,這附近有許多客棧,有的專門接待茶馬古道上往來的藏族馬幫。有馬幫就得有草料,我們面前的這塊空地叫賣草場,這里既賣騾馬的草料,也賣編草席草鞋的稻草、山草等等。這條街上有好幾家土特產(chǎn)和木雕商店,歡迎大家參觀選購。
現(xiàn)在我們已走到了東河邊。大家還可順道去東大街參觀“金鑰匙文化宮”與“和志剛書齋”。
[金鑰匙文化宮]
在古城東大街“金鑰匙文化宮”內(nèi)掛著一把巨型鑰匙,它是20__年為麗江古城列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)5周年而做的,純銅打制,高20__毫米,寬716毫米,厚72毫米,重800余斤,象征著麗江古城800多年的歷史。鑰匙手柄正面刻有世界文化遺產(chǎn)標(biāo)識,標(biāo)識右下刻有金鑰匙的納西象形文字,左有音譯“涵紫谷”字樣,再往下是納西族東巴祭司頭上戴的五幅冠示意圖案,也是暗喻麗江古城曲折的街道水系。馱載巨型鑰匙的神龜象征健康長壽,顯得穩(wěn)重如山,也象征“涵紫谷”這一納西文化的厚重和悠遠(yuǎn)。
“麗江金鑰匙”是由麗江嘉和有限公司于20__年8月8日投資260萬元開發(fā)研制,并獲國家專利的麗江標(biāo)志性旅游紀(jì)念品。目前投放市場的金鑰匙,已有純金、純銅、純銀、銅合金、銀渡金等不同質(zhì)地、不同規(guī)格、不同包裝的二十多種產(chǎn)品。近年來,麗江嘉和公司還把“金鑰匙”作為一種對人的夸獎(jiǎng)和評價(jià),獎(jiǎng)給那些能干的人和長壽的人。
[和志剛書齋]
和志剛是納西族殘疾人書法家,被譽(yù)為口書奇才。他的口書作品筆墨渾厚酣暢,獨(dú)具“雄鷹折翅、志在藍(lán)天”的風(fēng)格。和志剛于1968年出生在麗江白沙古鎮(zhèn)一戶納西農(nóng)家,11歲時(shí)不慎觸電,導(dǎo)致雙臂高位截肢,但他人如其名,志堅(jiān)毅剛,投入多于常人數(shù)倍的努力讀完高中,同時(shí)用常人難以想象的毅力苦練書法,用嘴咬住筆桿,練出一“口”好書法。和志剛于20__年榮獲“中國第十四屆全國十大杰出青年”稱號,位于古城東大街的“和志剛書齋”也被列為麗江市青少年教育基地。
[世界遺產(chǎn)麗江古城標(biāo)志碑]
這座標(biāo)志碑的整體造型以納西族東巴文的“人”字為基礎(chǔ),碑上嵌著世界遺產(chǎn)徽記和納西族神話傳說中人類始祖的造像,突出“以人為本、創(chuàng)造歷史”的寓意,體現(xiàn)“各族兒女與山河日月同輝”的主題。東巴經(jīng)《崇搬圖》中說,經(jīng)過洪水浩劫之后,世間僅有崇忍利恩一人存活下來,后來他與天界仙女襯紅褒白成婚,并從天上帶著谷種、牛馬,來到麗江過上農(nóng)耕生活。襯紅褒白生了三個(gè)兒子,長子說的是藏族話,次子說納西話,三子說白族話,他們分別成了藏族、納西族、白族的祖先。
游客們,今天我們跨過了古城的西河、中河、東河,不,我們跨過了上千年的時(shí)間隧道,從“清明上河圖”中走了出來,即將匯入現(xiàn)代都市的車水馬龍,希望麗江古城的小橋流水美景和豐富的民族文化給大家留下美好的記憶,也感謝大家對我工作的支持,謝謝大家。
麗江導(dǎo)游詞4
麗江古城位于中國西南部云南省的麗江市,麗江古城又名大研鎮(zhèn),坐落在麗江壩中部,與同為第二批國家歷史文化名城的四川閬中、山西平遙、安徽歙縣并稱為“保存最為完好的四大古城”大研古城是一座沒有城墻的古城,光滑潔凈的青石板路、完全手工建造的土木結(jié)構(gòu)的房屋、無處不在的小橋流水。大研古城是一座具有濃烈人文氣息的小城,明亮的陽光下,總會有步履緩慢的上了年紀(jì)的納西老人悠閑地踱步,他們身著藏滿歷史的靛藍(lán)色衣服,頭戴紅軍時(shí)期的八角帽,對眼前身后獵奇的目光視而不見、不屑一顧。
麗江古城內(nèi)的街道依山傍水修建,鋪的大多都是紅色角礫巖,雨季不會泥濘、旱季也不會飛灰,石上花紋圖案自然雅致,與整個(gè)古城環(huán)境相得益彰。位于古城中心的四方街是麗江古城的中心,位于古城與新城交界處的大水車是麗江古城的標(biāo)志,古城大水車旁有一塊大屏幕,每日播放的歌曲即是古城最受歡迎最有特色的歌曲,其中《納西凈地》是較為出名的歌曲之一。
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇10
說到麗江古城,我至今都記憶猶新。古色古香的小城,熱情淳樸的麗江人,讓我難以忘懷……今天我要帶大家來到這里,和我一起領(lǐng)略麗江古城那獨(dú)一無二的風(fēng)采!
那是去年暑假,媽媽帶我來到了麗江古城。一進(jìn)門,一架古樸的木制風(fēng)車便映入我的眼簾。大風(fēng)車緩緩地轉(zhuǎn)著,發(fā)出悅耳動聽的流水聲,讓我情不自禁地幻想自己是不是來到了童話世界里。往里走,我簡直不敢相信自己的眼睛!所有的房子都是用木頭架起來的,透露著濃濃的自然味道,完完全全沒有一絲一毫現(xiàn)代鋼筋水泥的氣息。用粗大的木頭架起來的房子,一棟連著一棟,樹干上一圈又一圈的年輪,似乎見證了古城的滄桑。再往里走,一幢尖頂小木屋出現(xiàn)在我的眼前,顯得格外別致,格外突出。走近一看,原來是一個(gè)制作紀(jì)念小掛件的小商鋪。這家小商鋪里面的小掛件可和別的小掛件不一樣,這里的小掛件上可以刻上你的名字,而反面,是世界上最早的字——東巴文字。哇!這么罕見的文字,我可一定要買一條留作紀(jì)念。
我愛的,不僅是古色古香的麗江古城,還有熱情淳樸的麗江人……
中午,麗江人毫不吝嗇地招待客人到自己家吃飯。圓桌上,是一道道具有當(dāng)?shù)靥厣谋镜夭。他們投入百分之百的熱情招待我們:他們連續(xù)不斷地唱著云南當(dāng)?shù)氐拿窀,揮舞著手中的絲帶,載歌載舞,熱情似火!麗江人真是熱情啊,至少在大都市,能歌善舞的人已經(jīng)不多了。這次,我可要好好的“享受享受”!
傍晚時(shí)分,金色的夕陽更襯托出古城的美、古城的古老。古樸的小木屋,或是木制的大風(fēng)車,古城的一切都變成金色的了,我又一次深深地陶醉在“童話世界”里了……
難忘麗江,難忘麗江的古城,難忘麗江古城充滿濃厚人情味的人,什么時(shí)候,我愿再次來到這里,再來看一看這古色古香的小城,這獨(dú)一無二的小城······
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇11
云南省麗江市寧蒗縣永寧鄉(xiāng)落水村委會隸屬寧蒗彝族自治縣永寧鄉(xiāng),地處鄉(xiāng)東邊,距鄉(xiāng)政府所在地30.00公里,到鄉(xiāng)道路為土路,交通不方便,距縣93公里。東鄰四川,南鄰寧蒗縣紅橋鄉(xiāng),西鄰木底箐村委會,北鄰永寧村委會。全村有耕地總面積3790畝,均為旱地。落水村有獨(dú)特的民族風(fēng)情旅游資源和風(fēng)景旅游資源等。
落水村,屬于半山區(qū)。距離村委會0.00公里,距離鎮(zhèn)30.00公里,國土面積55.60平方公里,海拔2700.00米,年平均氣溫9.30℃,年降水量1200.00毫米,適宜種植洋芋、蕎子、燕麥等農(nóng)作物。有耕地3992.76畝,其中人均耕地0.00畝;有林地18195.76畝。全村轄11個(gè)村民小組,有農(nóng)戶740戶,有鄉(xiāng)村人口3331人,其中農(nóng)業(yè)人口3278人,勞動力1700人,其中從事第一產(chǎn)業(yè)人數(shù)1109人。20xx年全村經(jīng)濟(jì)總收入2052.00萬元,農(nóng)民人均純收入4401.00元。農(nóng)民收入主要以旅游業(yè)為主。
落水村--分為上落水和下落水,公路西側(cè)、房屋較矮小的一片屋群叫上落水,這里的民居較古老;公路東側(cè)緊依湖畔且房屋高大的一片屋群叫下落水,這里因旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展,都已是幾層樓的現(xiàn)代民居了。而無論上落水的老民居,還是下落水的新民居,它們都是全木結(jié)構(gòu)的房屋,四壁用削皮后的圓木,兩端砍上卡口銜楔壘摞而成,屋頂則用木板鋪蓋,上壓石塊,整幢房屋不用一顆釘子,也不用磚瓦,它不僅冬暖夏涼,而且用銜楔整架結(jié)構(gòu)而特別防震。這就是摩梭人的木楞房。
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇12
Dear visitors, everybody is good, very glad to be your tour guide, my name is dai, you can call me wear guide, today we're visiting place ─ ─ of lijiang.
You come with me. Here is the old town of lijiang. Lijiang has the dual nature and culture charm known as forget time, also known as "one of the most preserved ancient city of the big four". It is China's famous historical and cultural city not only in the ancient city wall. Lijiang ancient city is located in the yunnan-guizhou plateau, 2400 meters above sea level, the area of the city 3. 8 square kilometers. Now we came to the tiger leaping gorge.
There is a legend. Nu river, lancang river and jinsha river is the three sisters, sister nujiang love angry, two elder sister love try so hard, the lancang river three younger sister jinshajiang wanxian. Parents would send three sisters marry to the west, jinsha river dark about two sisters fled to south. Came to the town of lijiang, shek kwu, two sisters would continue to head south, jinsha river is determined to go to the east of the sun, just say goodbye to my sister, and turned toward the east, and formed the "Yangtze river first bay". Parents send yulong, khabarov brothers pursuit of the three sisters. Sit face to face two brothers came to lijiang white sands, blocking the way to the east. Run tired, two people take turns to wait agreement, who as French WenZhan let sisters. Turn khabarov waiting, yulong fell asleep.
Jinsha river before, put light footsteps, singing beautiful hypnosis. Her a gift for 18 teams, khabarov listen also fell asleep. Jinsha river from their feet slipped between the past. Yulong wake up and see the jinsha river ran to the east, early and khabarov still in a deep sleep, so we have to according to the French cut down khabarov head, turns back and wept bitterly. Two brothers turned to jade dragon snow mountain and haba snow mountain, khabarov head into a boulder fell into the river, tiger leaping gorge, and jinsha river sing eighteen song into 18 beach, tiger leaping gorge.
There are beautiful scenes of lijiang, could not say. The rest of the time, we are free to take pictures, pay attention to safety.
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇13
各位游客:
大家好,我姓洪,是你們這次游麗江古城的導(dǎo)游,希望大家在這次旅游中玩得開心。
我給大家講了那么多,大家也看了那么多,但是馬上就要進(jìn)入古城了,怎么沒有看到城門呢?其實(shí)各位嘉賓是看不到的,這也是麗江古城的一奇,看不到城門,也看不到城墻,因?yàn)楣懦歉緵]有城墻和城門,因?yàn)榧{西族的頭領(lǐng)姓“木”如果建了城墻和城門就變成了“困”字,所以古城沒有城墻,也沒有城門。
進(jìn)了麗江古城,就看到四方街。四方街如蛛網(wǎng)似的交錯(cuò),東南西北各有通往它的一條路。四方街由五彩石鋪成,腳跟踩在五彩石上,聽起來別有一番新意,那聲音清脆,有些像銀鈴的聲音。四方街可以說是古城的中心廣場,自然裝飾的漂亮、有特色啦,就連客棧都十分美麗。四方街客棧位于麗江古城四方街廣場的中心位置,具有得天獨(dú)厚的環(huán)境優(yōu)勢?蜅Mピ簝(nèi)小橋流水、花木蔥郁,繼承了千百年來納西民族的審美情趣,乃天人合一,和諧自然的生活觀念。客棧每個(gè)房間的設(shè)計(jì)都獨(dú)具特色,你可以在四方街里轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn),絕對沒有哪兩個(gè)房間是相同的。
到了麗江古城一定要去放一下河燈喲!麗江古城還有一個(gè)很特別的習(xí)俗,就是放河燈。放河燈是麗江古城一種古老的習(xí)俗。據(jù)說每天夜晚,黑龍?zhí)兜凝埻鯐樦窈铀灿喂懦,點(diǎn)放一盞河燈為龍王指路照明,不僅能保護(hù)古城的平安,更能使自己和家人得到龍王的保佑而在今后的日子里吉祥如意、心想事成。這個(gè)傳說。放一盞河燈,許一個(gè)心愿。
麗江古城還有很多地方非常美麗,說也說不凈,希望大家有機(jī)會去細(xì)細(xì)游賞。這次大家玩得開心嗎?回答是肯定的吧!那下次有機(jī)會我還帶你們來再次目睹麗江古城的風(fēng)光,歡迎大家一次再來。
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇14
大家好!我是你們游覽麗江古城的導(dǎo)游。我很高興能與大家共渡這快樂時(shí)光!我姓張。大家可以叫我張導(dǎo)游。
請大家跟我來。這里是麗江古城。我先給大家簡單介紹一下麗江古城。麗江古城又名大研鎮(zhèn),坐落在麗江壩中部,稱為“保存最為完好的四大古城”之一。
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇15
落水歡迎大家來到這里,下面我來為大家介紹一下!
村--分為上落水和下落水,公路西側(cè)、房屋較矮小的一片屋群叫上落水,這里的民居較古老;公路東側(cè)緊依湖畔且房屋高大的一片屋群叫下落水,這里因旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展,都已是幾層樓的現(xiàn)代民居了。而無論上落水的老民居,還是下落水的新民居,它們都是全木結(jié)構(gòu)的房屋,四壁用削皮后的圓木,兩端砍上卡口銜楔壘摞而成,屋頂則用木板鋪蓋,上壓石塊,整幢房屋不用一顆釘子,也不用磚瓦,它不僅冬暖夏涼,而且用銜楔整架結(jié)構(gòu)而特別防震。這就是摩梭人的木楞房。
下落水湖邊有條彎曲的礫石小路,路邊的摩梭人都把自己家改建成旅社,隨小路一溜排開的木楞子房一幢比一幢漂亮而有特色,有酒吧、百貨店和土產(chǎn)店等設(shè)施,加之小路旁有湖畔垂柳、木舟細(xì)浪等迷人風(fēng)光,這里自然成為旅游者的大本營,小路也被冠以“摩梭風(fēng)情路”的雅稱。住在“風(fēng)情路”上的摩梭家庭旅社,是好旅游的一個(gè)好開始。置身湖光山色中,你能清晰感覺到,純凈的空氣慢慢沁入每一根血管的過程。你可以細(xì)細(xì)觀賞木楞子房;可以走進(jìn)神秘的母房看一看;或到酒吧里聽聽古老的“阿夏婚”故事;或來一碗鮮魚湯,一杯酥理瑪酒,品品瀘沽湖陽光的味道;就是漫步小路,摩梭姑娘們也會向你展示一道美麗的風(fēng)景。
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇16
山和谷會談戀愛的古時(shí)候,玉龍山下有一對鐘情的人,男的名叫阿若,女的名叫阿命。阿若和阿命到了風(fēng)云產(chǎn)區(qū)會釀雨水年齡的時(shí)候,他們在火把梨成熟的季節(jié)里悄悄地相愛了;鸢压(jié)里播種下的愛情種子,也到了開花結(jié)果的時(shí)候了。天有不測的風(fēng)云,阿若和阿命的自由戀愛,他們企求的不是結(jié)成白頭偕老的夫妻,而是盼望著上玉龍山情死國里去情死,去過死后永遠(yuǎn)不衰老的戀人的生活。納西族民間也有諺“情死一世,勝過坐三世皇帝”。阿若和阿命的自由戀愛,也違悖不了這個(gè)古老的規(guī)矩。他們對著圣潔的玉龍雪山剪下了一綹頭發(fā),虔誠地?zé)剂撕闲南悖不ミf了信用的“尤吾”。(尤吾為愛情信物)相約在火把節(jié)里雙雙上玉龍情死國里去情死。
到了六月火把節(jié),阿若和阿命將五月纏下的五彩花線手箍解下來焚進(jìn)火把火里,阿命卻上玉龍山赴情死的約會了?墒前⒚鼜奶柶鞯鹊饺菦]落了,仍不見阿若哥哥赴情死的約會。老林里的白鷴鳥叫過頭遍了,東山埡口泛起了太陽睡醒的一抹光亮,阿命仍不見阿若哥哥赴情死的約會。難道是阿若他失了信約,背叛了愛情的山盟海誓,或是他的爹媽發(fā)現(xiàn)了阿若情死心思的疑景,關(guān)在木樓上呢?白鷴鳥悲傷地叫過第二遍了,東方的天際抹白了銀色的光亮。太陽是女神,等待太陽出來的時(shí)候,女神會恥笑膽小的女人。阿命想到這里,她拔下草烏毒藥酒的瓶塞,嘴巴對著瓶口兜底喝了三口毒藥酒。阿命神情安然地梳理了一下頭發(fā),她手捧著情死索,慢慢走近一棵情死樹,她將情死索拴到了情死樹上,挽了下勒脖子的繩扣,阿命對著玉龍山下的村寨說:“阿若哥呀,我先走了。”阿命情死在情死樹上了。
阿命情死了,阿若他不是背叛愛情的失義人,是他的阿爸發(fā)現(xiàn)了阿若情死的疑景,他把兒子關(guān)在木樓上,才造成了阿命孤身殉情的悲劇。阿命殉情死了,她的純潔的尸骨焚化了,化成了一縷潔白的白云裊裊地飄浮到玉龍山頂去了。阿命殘情悲劇的謠言變成冰冷的時(shí)辰,阿若的阿爸暗忖:姑娘殉情死了,活著男人的情思也被扯斷了,蝴蝶不見鮮花會忘記采花的歡樂,戀人死去了,火熱的情火也會熄滅。阿爸收上的憂虎也慢慢熄滅了。他把阿若從木樓上放了出來,阿若又一次執(zhí)起了牧羊的鞭子。
一天,太陽剛從山谷里睡醒的時(shí)辰,阿若趕著羊群向雪山牧場走去。太陽落山了,晚霞抹紅了玉龍山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候,阿若的羊群才趕攏雪山牧場。牧場上的青草依舊青青,淌過牧場的小溪水照樣晶瑩,阿若和阿命?康纳紭淙耘f挺拔,可是看不見了姑娘熟悉的倩景。山鳥慌惶地朝著老林落宿了,阿若也悲傷地走向牧棚,他落了盤纏,點(diǎn)燃起了牧棚里的火塘火。突然,從對面的杉樹林里,傳來了一聲“阿哄哄”的呼喚聲,阿若聽了山里尋伴的呼喚聲,難道山里也有放羊人落宿嗎?阿若驚喜地走出了牧棚,沖著夜色浸染的老林,也喊起了“阿哄哄”回應(yīng)聲。隨著呼喚聲出現(xiàn)了一群身著白裙子的姑娘,這群姑娘像一堵白云,悠悠地朝著阿若走過來了。阿若瞪大著眼睛看著這群姑娘,怎么身著白裙子的姑娘為何看不見她們的頭顱。這不是,它是一群情死鬼,是找阿若索命債了。阿若渾身駭出了一身冷汗他慌惶地跑了回來,開了關(guān)羊群的柵欄門,一頭鉆進(jìn)羊群里躲藏起來。這群身著白裙子的情死鬼,知道阿若躲藏在羊群里,走近棚欄邊,羊群看見了情死鬼,咩地一聲驚駭了,情死鬼接近不了阿若(據(jù)傳鬼怕羊群)。夜色抹黑了黑山潔白的臉,情死鬼們在杉樹林里燒起了綠瑩瑩的篝火,在藍(lán)幽幽的火光的照映下,阿若突然看見了一個(gè)神奇的事情,發(fā)現(xiàn)密麻麻的杉樹林朝著四面隱退了,環(huán)著綠色的篝火出現(xiàn)了一塊坦展的草坪,情死鬼們嘻笑著,環(huán)圍噴吐藍(lán)焰的篝火,跳起了“阿蒙達(dá)”歌舞,舞 圈里有著阿命熟悉的舞姿,時(shí)而情死鬼們又環(huán)著篝火彈起了口弦,弦音里也有阿命鐘情的彈弦聲,歌聲和弦音里訴說著阿命失了伴侶的苦衷,也譴責(zé)著阿若對愛情背叛的怨恨,是阿命向阿若來索取情死的欠債了。
雪山起冷風(fēng)了,三星西斜了,杉樹林里的白鷴鳥啼叫了,阿若看見這群情死鬼倏地隱遁了,太陽光很愉抹紅了雪山的臉盤,一夜被情死鬼們鬧騰的杉樹林又沉入寂靜了。阿若從羊群里慌惶地爬了出來,看見昨天杉樹林里密林如竹林的地方,今晨卻出現(xiàn)了一塊坦展的坪場。阿若面對著情死鬼的坪場上踩出舞圈的印跡,他也說不清是心有內(nèi)疚,還是思念殉情的戀人。阿若呆呆地坐在坪場的中央,突然阿若的耳畔傳響著愛神尤主阿注和格圖喜卦誘逗青年男女的悅聲愉音:“請到不耕耘泥土?xí)l(fā)黑,不撒種籽禾苗會發(fā)綠的樂土來吧;沒有吸血的蚊子,沒有吃肉蒼蠅的樂土來吧;紅虎當(dāng)乘騎,馬鹿當(dāng)耕牛,雉雞當(dāng)晨雞,狐貍當(dāng)看家狗的情死國來吧,來喝高山清泉水,來吮花樹上的蜜露水,來擠神母牛的奶漿,裁一件衣裳永世穿不爛,活著永遠(yuǎn)是青年不會變衰老的情死國來吧。”阿若聽了愛神的一聲幻化百聲千音的悅音愉聲,他的內(nèi)心禁不住泛起了深沉的孤獨(dú)的憂思,心上泛起了一縷厭惡凡塵俗世的情思,他向往著樂土的快樂,神志恍惚地從坪場上走出來,喃喃自語著:“阿命妹呀,等等我,哥也來了。”
阿若憂傷地走到杉林里,他選擇了一棵枝干虬龍的老杉樹,把勒脖索子掛在樹上,阿若也殉情死了。阿若殉情死了的那棵情死樹,也是阿命殉情死的那棵情死樹,兩個(gè)情人先后吊死在一棵情死樹上,他們到雪山情死國的樂土去團(tuán)聚了。
從這以后,對這塊抱在玉龍大雪山懷里的青草坪子,人們稱它為游撫閣,每年一到六月火把節(jié),納西族的青年男女,捧著愛神的具像,到游撫閣(坪)祭祀愛神和情死鬼。凡納西青年男女相約殉情了,殉情者得上游撫閣(坪)情死,或選一棵朝雪山的情煞費(fèi)苦心樹殉情,這樣情死者死后方能到雪山情死國里,也才會得到愛神的收留。記不清這方抱在玉龍雪山懷里,四環(huán)杉樹擁抱的情死鬼們開辟的神奇歌場(游撫閣)何年何月改為云杉坪了。古老的納西人只知道玉龍山的懷抱里,有一方杉樹林環(huán)圍的擁抱在雪山懷里的神秘的“游撫閣”(坪)。
麗江的英文導(dǎo)游詞 篇17
大落水村位于從寧蒗前往永寧的公路邊,毗鄰瀘沽湖。
大落水村是大部分游客到瀘沽湖必游的地方。在大落水村,沿湖岸都是摩梭人家的木房子,現(xiàn)在多數(shù)都改造為可提供住宿的旅館。這里游客多,也熱鬧。晚上,當(dāng)?shù)氐哪λ笕藭┢饌鹘y(tǒng)服飾,表演歌舞。欣賞完民族歌舞,還可以到湖邊支起的帳篷里去燒烤。
大落水村在當(dāng)?shù)胤譃樯下渌拖侣渌畠刹糠。公路西?cè)、房屋較矮小的一片屋群是上落水,這里的民居較古老。公路東側(cè)緊依湖畔且房屋高大的一片屋群叫下落水,這里因旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展,普遍蓋起了幾層樓的現(xiàn)代民居。而無論上落水的老民居,還是下落水的新民居,它們都是全木結(jié)構(gòu)的房屋,四壁用削皮后的圓木,兩端砍上卡口銜楔壘摞而成,屋頂則用木板鋪蓋,上壓石塊,整幢房屋不用一顆釘子,也不用磚瓦,它不僅冬暖夏涼,而且用銜楔整架結(jié)構(gòu)而特別防震。這就是摩梭人的木楞房。
下落水湖邊有條彎曲的礫石小路,路邊的摩梭人都把自己家改建成旅社,隨小路一溜排開的木楞子房一幢比一幢漂亮而有特色,有酒吧、百貨店和土產(chǎn)店等設(shè)施,加之小路旁有湖畔垂柳、木舟細(xì)浪等迷人風(fēng)光,這里自然成為旅游者的大本營,小路也被冠以“摩梭風(fēng)情路”的雅稱。住在“風(fēng)情路”上的摩梭家庭旅社,是好旅游的一個(gè)好開始。置身湖光山色中,你能清晰感覺到,純凈的空氣慢慢沁入每一根血管的過程。你可以細(xì)細(xì)觀賞木楞子房;可以走進(jìn)神秘的母房看一看;或到酒吧里聽聽古老的“阿夏婚”故事;或來一碗鮮魚湯,一杯酥理瑪酒,品品瀘沽湖陽光的味道;就是漫步小路,摩梭姑娘們也會向你展示一道美麗的風(fēng)景。
瀘沽湖西岸的大洛水村是湖畔最大的自然村。那里旅游業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,一列列民族式的旅館都將明凈的大窗子開向湖面。潮起潮落,日升星垂如在枕邊。村里還組織了自己的船隊(duì)和馬隊(duì)。游客多時(shí)獨(dú)木舟如萬箭齊發(fā),穿梭湖上;馬隊(duì)浩浩蕩蕩,踏潮夕,觀湖景;人歡馬嘯,一湖笑聲。
在洛水流傳著一則新故事:一個(gè)染上毒癮不能自拔的城市姑娘來到洛水湖邊,原打算在這片明山凈水中了卻殘夢。但摩梭人接納了她。母海的寬厚,女山的尊嚴(yán)和摩梭母家的融融暖意使她僵死的心得以復(fù)蘇。她在一位母祖的呵護(hù)下隔絕外擾,靜心養(yǎng)息,終于戒除毒癮。當(dāng)她的家人追尋到此時(shí),她發(fā)誓不離洛水――這個(gè)她再生的母腹,并同一個(gè)男青年真誠相好,開始了她嶄新的生活。這在摩梭人母系家庭史上,恐怕是前所未有的一例吧。
從大落水村可以乘坐豬槽船到湖中心的兩個(gè)小島,或者坐到其它村寨。如果想環(huán)湖游覽,可以選擇徒步或騎馬,包一輛車也是不錯(cuò)的選擇。