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如何英語演講及演講技巧

如何英語演講及演講技巧

  1、演講前的準備

  準備是搞好演講的前提。首先是要確立一個題目或一個話題。一般演講賽都分為命題演講和即興演講。如要進行演講比賽則必須對各個方面加以準備:政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、教育等,找好立意點,擬定題目,如政治方面的演講主題:wto、統(tǒng)一、和平與發(fā)展、機遇與挑戰(zhàn);經(jīng)濟方面演講主題:西部大開發(fā)、農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟、再就業(yè);教育方面演講方題:中西方教育的不同、遠程教育、終身教育、槍手;文化方面演講主題:文化的交流與融合、校園文化;環(huán)保方面演講主題:manandnature;科技方面演講主題:網(wǎng)絡、克隆、基因;衛(wèi)生方面演講主題:keepphysicallyandmentallyhealthy;體育方面演講主題:olympics……有些方面題目太大,可從多角度和多側面思考,找好切入點,將題目細化和具體化,寫出演講稿的提綱,構思和組織演講稿結構。

  擬定好話題后的第二步就是演講材料的收集與整理。其中最好的方法就是有計劃地閱讀大量的英語原文以及各類英語報刊雜志,閱讀是一個循序漸進的過程,同時也是培養(yǎng)英語思維的過程,對提高英語的口頭表達能力和書面表達能力是至關重要的。利用有關資源與材料(如圖書、報刊、雜志或網(wǎng)絡資源等)收集所需的內(nèi)容。然后對材料加以整理或進行梳理,舍棄不太重要的內(nèi)容或用不上的材料,準備寫演講稿。

  2演講稿的寫作

  演講稿首先開頭要開門見山,既要一下子抓住聽眾又要提出你的觀點,中間要用各種方法和所準備的材料說明、支持你的論點,感染聽眾,然后在結尾加強說明論點或得出結論,結束演講。

  演講稿的寫作有嚴格的要求,就內(nèi)容而言要主題鮮明,表達完整;就文章組織結構而言要思維清晰,邏輯性強;就語言而言要有感染力、形象生動。寫作時可根據(jù)需要有效、正確地使用英語寫作方法和技巧,如恰當?shù)剡\用明喻、暗喻、夸張等各種修辭方法,用詞要準確,盡量避免使用生僻、模糊、晦澀的字詞?傊,要考慮聽眾對象,注意演講的措辭,但又要簡明扼要、有理有力、結構緊湊。許多著名的演說家的不朽之作都有振奮人心、扭轉乾坤般的力量。從馬丁。路德。金的“ihaveadream”,美國總統(tǒng)林肯所作的著名的蓋茨堡演說,到克林頓在北大的演說,不少句子都成為不朽的佳句,值得認真研讀、

  3進行演講

  具備演講的知識和技巧,演講稿的完成只是演講的序幕,要進行成功的演講則要進行嚴格的訓練。訓練時,分析演講要領,訓練演講技巧和姿勢語,觀看cctv杯和愛立信杯等英語演講的錄像,了解并按照比賽評分標準進行嚴格的模擬訓練,觀察演講過程是否具備以下特點:主題鮮明,表達完整(演講內(nèi)容);思維清晰,邏輯性強(文章組織結構);感情充沛,富有表現(xiàn)力(演講氣勢);發(fā)音正確,語音語調標準(英語語音);反應敏捷,回答準確(心理素質);著裝整潔,儀態(tài)大方等等。

  除此之外,還要有良好的心理素質。多進行模擬演講,有良好的心理素質,才能更好地表現(xiàn)自己,取得演講的良好效果。有的同學能講一口地道的美式英語,但由于缺乏良好的心理素質而怯場,甚至在比賽中緊張得說不出話來或有一些不良的舉止而被淘汰出局。

  有了充分的準備,進行演講就不太難了。在演講的整個過程中還要注意一些演講的要領與技巧,如演講者與聽眾目光的接觸(eyecontact),聲音的抑揚頓挫(vocalvariety),和肢體語言的配合(handgesturesandbodylanguage)等等,但要恰當,不要太多,否則會喧賓奪主,影響演講效果。

  掌握了這些要領,有了充分的知識儲備,再加上良好的心理素質,一定會成功的、

  演講技巧

  no,nosinpublicspeaking

  演講切忌

  talkingtoorapidly;

  語速太快;

  speakinginamonotone;

  聲音單調;

  usingtoohighavocalpitch;

  聲音尖細;

  talkingandnotsayingmuch;

  “談”得太多,說得太少;

  presentingwithoutenoughemotionorpassion;

  感情不充分;

  talkingdowntotheaudience;

  對觀眾采取一種居高臨下的姿態(tài);

  usingtoomany"big"words;

  夸張的詞語使用得太多;

  usingabstractionswithoutgivingconcreteexamples;

  使用抽象概念而不給出事例加以說明;

  usingunfamiliartechnicaljargon;

  使用別人不熟悉的技術術語;

  usingslangorprofanity;

  使用俚語或粗俗語;

  disorganizedandramblingperformance;

  演講無組織,散亂無序;

  indirectcommunicationi、e、beatingaroundthebush;

  說話繞彎子,不切中主題;

  howtocommunicatewiththeaudience

  怎樣與聽眾交流

  amessageworthcommunicating;

  要有值得交流的觀點;

  gainthelisteners’atention:capturetheirinterestandbuildtheirtrust;

  引起聽眾的注意:抓住他們的興趣并贏得信任;

  emphasizeunderstanding;

  重視理解;

  obtaintheirfeedback;

  獲得反饋;

  watchyouremotionaltone;

  注意聲調要有感情;

  persuadetheaudience;

  說服聽眾;

  howtogainconfidence

  怎樣變得自信

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