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英語作文的鳳頭豹尾

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-04-10

英語作文的鳳頭豹尾

一、怎樣寫好文章的開頭

  開頭是作文在閱卷老師面前的第一次亮相,它將決定你所寫的文章在閱卷老師心中所留下的第一印象。如果第一印象好,就意味著有了良好的開端,也就成功了一半。Good beginning is half done,我們?cè)撛鯓右惶崞鸸P就讓自己成功一半呢?

  (一)“開門見山”式開頭

  一般來說,文章的開頭應(yīng)盡量做到“開門見山”,即要用簡(jiǎn)單明了的語言引出文章的話題,使人一開始就能了解文章要說明的內(nèi)容。

  1. 對(duì)于敘事類的文章,可以在開頭把人物、時(shí)間、事件和環(huán)境交代清楚。如“A Trip to Huangshan(黃山之旅)”的開頭可以是:Last month, my family went to Huangshan by train. It took us ten hours to get there. What a long and tiring journey! We were tired but the beautiful scenery excited us.

  2. 對(duì)于論述性的文章,可以在開頭處先闡明自己的觀點(diǎn),接著展開進(jìn)一步的論述。如“The Time and the Money(時(shí)間和金錢)” 的開頭可以是:Most people say that money is more important than time. But I don’t think so. First, when money is used up, you can earn it back, but……

  (二)回憶性開頭

  在描述事件或游記類的文章中,采用回憶性的開頭往往更能吸引人的眼球。這種類型的開頭中通常含有描述自己心情或情緒的詞匯,如never forget (永遠(yuǎn)無法忘記), remember (記得),unforgettable (難以忘懷的), exciting(令人激動(dòng)的),surprising(令人驚訝的), sad (難過的)……如“A Trip to Huangshan(黃山之旅)”的開頭還以這樣寫:I will never forget my first trip to Huangshan. 或It was really an unforgettable experience I had.

  (三)疑問性開頭

  在敘事類或論述性的文章中,都可采用疑問型開頭,這樣既可以吸引閱卷者的注意又容易抓住中心。如“Planting Trees(種樹)”的開頭可以是:Have you ever planted trees? Don’t you think planting trees is ……

  再如“Traveling Abroad(出國之旅)”的開頭可以是:If you have an opportunity to travel abroad, why not consider Singapore?

  (四)倒敘式開頭

  在有的文章,特別是敘事類的文章中,可以采用倒敘的寫作手法,先寫出事件的結(jié)果,再陳述過程。如“Catching Thieves (捉賊)”的開頭可以這樣寫:I lay in bed in the hospital. I smiled at my friends even though my legs hurt. Do you want to know what happened to me? Let me tell you. It’s a … story.

二、怎樣寫好文章的結(jié)尾

  文章的結(jié)尾沒有固定的模式,同學(xué)們可以根據(jù)表達(dá)主題的需要靈活創(chuàng)造。一般情況下,記敘文和說明文經(jīng)常采用自然結(jié)尾的方法;但夾敘夾議和發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)類的文章則往往有結(jié)束語,以使文章首尾呼應(yīng),結(jié)構(gòu)完整。文章結(jié)尾的形式也因文章類別和開頭的風(fēng)格而靈活多變。

  (一)自然結(jié)尾,點(diǎn)明主題

  隨著文章的結(jié)束,文章自然而然地結(jié)尾。如“Helping the Policeman(幫助警察)”的結(jié)尾可以是:The two children were praised by the police and they felt happy.

  再如“The Tortoise and the Hare(龜兔賽跑)” 的結(jié)尾可以是:When the hare got to the tree, the tortoise had already been there。

  (二)首尾呼應(yīng),升華主題

  在文章的結(jié)尾可以用含義較深的話點(diǎn)明主題,深化主題,起到“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”的效果。如“I Love My Hometown(我愛家鄉(xiāng))”的結(jié)尾可以是:I love my hometown, and I am proud of it.

  (三)反問結(jié)尾,引起深思

  這種方式的結(jié)尾雖然形式是問句,但意義卻是肯定的,而且具有一定的強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,可引起他人的深思。如 “Learning English can Give us a Lot of Pleasure (學(xué)英語能為我們帶來許多樂趣)” 的結(jié)尾可以是:If we learn English well, we can …Don’t you think learning English is great fun?

  (四)表達(dá)祝愿,闡述愿望

  這種方式的結(jié)尾常出現(xiàn)在書信或演講稿的文體中,表示對(duì)他人的祝;?qū)淼恼雇取H?ldquo;A Letter to the Farmers(給農(nóng)民們的一封信)”的結(jié)尾可以是:I hope the farmers’ life will be better and better.

  另外,書信的結(jié)尾常有以下形式的祝福語:Best wishes;I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy new year;I wish you have a good time等。

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