西安鐘樓三分鐘導(dǎo)游詞（精選3篇）
西安鐘樓三分鐘導(dǎo)游詞 篇1
我們現(xiàn)在看到的就是鐘樓。鐘樓位于市中心東、西、南、北四條大街的交會(huì)處，它建于明洪武十七年 (1384年)，當(dāng)時(shí)鐘樓的位置并不在現(xiàn)在這個(gè)地方，那么它在哪兒呢?請(qǐng)大家順著我手指的方向看，那座與鐘樓遙相呼應(yīng)的樓就是鼓樓，鐘樓最初的位置在鼓樓以西的迎祥觀內(nèi)。迎祥觀是唐朝一座非常著名的道觀，唐睿宗李旦為了給自已的母親過(guò)壽，特制了一口鐘安放在迎祥觀內(nèi)。隨著城市的發(fā)展，西安城不斷地?cái)U(kuò)建，鐘樓就偏于城西，不再居于城市中心了。在這種情況下，公元1582年明政府就將鐘樓遷移至今天的位置。
鐘樓的主要作用就是擊鐘報(bào)時(shí)。每天清晨，當(dāng)鐘聲響起，四個(gè)城門就打開(kāi)，人們就開(kāi)始了一天的辛勤勞作，傍晚鼓樓的鼓聲一響，人們就回到城里關(guān)閉城門，這就是大家常說(shuō)的“晨鐘暮鼓”。過(guò)去用來(lái)報(bào)時(shí)的鐘是唐睿宗李旦在景云二年(720xx年)命人制作的，取名“景云鐘”。景云鐘紋飾精美，線條流暢，聲音洪亮，充分表現(xiàn)出了唐代工匠高超的鑄鐘水平，原鐘現(xiàn)收藏在西安碑林石刻藝術(shù)博物館。大家現(xiàn)在看到的這口鐘是景云鐘的復(fù)制品，它的體態(tài)、大小、重量、紋飾與原景云鐘都是相同的�，F(xiàn)在讓我們大家一起來(lái)欣賞一下，請(qǐng)看鐘紐部分：據(jù)傳海中有一種大獸叫蒲牢，它雖然兇猛，但是非常害怕鯨魚(yú)，每當(dāng)鯨魚(yú)攻擊它，它就會(huì)拼命大叫，由于它的叫聲非常響亮，人們?cè)阼T鐘的時(shí)候就將它縛在鐘上，以祈求鐘聲洪亮，我們大家可以想像一下，鐘就像張著大嘴的蒲牢，撞鐘之木就像鯨魚(yú)，鯨魚(yú)咬一口，蒲牢叫一聲，鯨魚(yú)咬得越急，蒲牢叫得越響，如果哪位朋友不信，可以來(lái)試試。關(guān)于蒲牢還有另外一種說(shuō)法，說(shuō)“蒲牢”是龍王爺?shù)牡诰艂�(gè)兒子，龍生九子各有所好，這位蒲牢平素愛(ài)大聲喊叫，聲音非常洪亮，因此鐘紐常常做成蒲牢的樣子，希望能使鐘聲洪亮，總之有了蒲牢，鐘聲就會(huì)洪亮，這是無(wú)可置疑的事了。
再來(lái)看看鐘面，這里有龍、鳳、鶴、獅、獨(dú)角牛，以及飛天、彩云、蔓草等，花紋線條流暢、首尾相接，它們分別代表著道教法規(guī)、富貴權(quán)勢(shì)、天上人間，以及現(xiàn)世未來(lái)，是一幅集福、權(quán)、貴為一體的宗教紋飾畫(huà)，特別珍貴的是這篇唐睿宗李旦親筆所書(shū)的銘文。李旦的真跡共有三處：孔子廟堂碑、順陵碑以及景云鐘銘文。因孔子廟堂碑和順陵碑都己被毀，所以現(xiàn)在李旦的真跡就僅存景云鐘銘文一處了。這篇文章的內(nèi)容主要講述了道教的玄妙，以及景云鐘的制作，無(wú)論是從書(shū)法的角度，還是從文章的內(nèi)容來(lái)看，都是一篇不可多得的佳作。
讓我們回過(guò)頭來(lái)，看看這座坐落于四條大街交會(huì)處己600多年的鐘樓吧，我們先從屋檐講起，大家站在這里可以看到鐘樓有三層屋檐，其實(shí)它只有兩層，也就是說(shuō)在二樓是一層樓兩層檐，那么為什么要把屋檐做得這么復(fù)雜呢?因?yàn)樵诜饨ㄉ鐣?huì)里屋檐有著非常嚴(yán)格的等級(jí)制度，重檐就是統(tǒng)治階級(jí)為了提高自己的尊嚴(yán)和權(quán)威而獨(dú)占的一種形式，就是同樣的重檐屋頂也有著最尊與次之的區(qū)別，重檐廡殿為最尊，比如北京故宮的“太和殿”，重檐歇山次之，比如北京天安門。鐘樓采用的四角攢尖頂形式，這種形式最早出現(xiàn)在北魏石窟的石塔雕刻上，此外在宋畫(huà)中也可以看到不少的樓、臺(tái)、亭、閣采用這種形式，到了明清這種形式就更加興盛起來(lái)。大家站在這里可以看到，四周的建筑都很漂亮，可這在過(guò)去是完全行不通的。普通老百姓蓋房子只能蓋單檐房屋，重檐在皇家建筑里才能出現(xiàn)。也許有的朋友已經(jīng)注意到了，在屋頂?shù)乃囊斫菓昙股嫌幸慌艅?dòng)物形狀的構(gòu)件，這就是人們常說(shuō)的仙人、走獸。我們依次來(lái)看一下：第一個(gè)是仙人，在它后邊分別是行龍、飛鳳、行獅、天馬、海馬、飛魚(yú)、押魚(yú)，這幾種走獸都有其一定的寓意。龍風(fēng)代表至高無(wú)上的尊貴;獅子是獸中之王、鎮(zhèn)山之王;天馬、海馬象征皇家的威德通天入海、暢達(dá)四方;飛魚(yú)、押魚(yú)是海中異獸，據(jù)說(shuō)可興云作雨、鎮(zhèn)火防災(zāi)。建筑工匠們巧妙地將政治象征、藝術(shù)裝飾和實(shí)用構(gòu)件統(tǒng)一在一起，充分顯示了他們的聰明才智。
我們?cè)偻驴�，在柱子上梁枋與屋頂?shù)臉?gòu)架部分之間可以看到有一層用小塊木料拼合成的構(gòu)件，它們均勻地分布在梁枋上，支挑著伸出的屋檐，這種構(gòu)件稱為斗拱，它是中國(guó)古代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑上的一種特有的構(gòu)件。為什么叫斗拱呢?在柱子與梁枋上因?yàn)橐舫鑫蓓斏斐龅奈蓍�，故需要有一種構(gòu)件托住屋檐下的仿和椽。古代工匠用弓形的短木從柱子和梁上伸出，一層不夠再加一層，弓木層層挑出，使屋檐得以伸出屋身之外，這種弓形短木稱為拱;在兩層拱之間用方木塊相墊，小方木形如斗，所以這種用多層拱與斗結(jié)合成的構(gòu)件即稱為斗拱。斗拱用在屋檐下可以使屋頂?shù)某鲩芗哟�，用在梁枋兩端下面，則可以減小梁枋的跨度，加大梁枋的承受力。斗拱的確是一種很奇特的構(gòu)件，一塊塊小木料組合起來(lái)居然可以挑托起那么沉重、那樣深遠(yuǎn)的屋檐，這是我國(guó)古代工匠一項(xiàng)了不起的創(chuàng)造。
建筑首先作為一種物質(zhì)財(cái)富，也和其他物質(zhì)一樣，在人類創(chuàng)造的過(guò)程中，不但產(chǎn)生了物質(zhì)的軀體，同時(shí)也產(chǎn)生了美的形象，在房屋的整體和房屋各種構(gòu)件的制作中，人們都對(duì)它進(jìn)行程度不同的美的加工，裝飾就是這樣開(kāi)始在建筑上出現(xiàn)的。古建筑的門窗是與人接觸最多的部分，在它們身上自然集中地進(jìn)行了多種裝飾處理。大家現(xiàn)在看到的格子門，門扉上都有木刻浮雕，內(nèi)容有生動(dòng)感人的民間傳說(shuō)、回味無(wú)窮的歷史故事，樓上樓下加起來(lái)共有64幅，若朋友們感興趣，不妨仔細(xì)研究一下， 看看您能猜對(duì)多少。
進(jìn)入鐘樓一樓大廳。首先請(qǐng)大家抬興看：頂部一個(gè)個(gè)的木方框叫天花，中央圓形的叫藻井。為了不露出建筑的梁架，古代工匠常常在梁的下方用天花枋組成一個(gè)一個(gè)的木方框，上面貼有彩色圖案的紙，或者直接在上面施彩繪。鐘樓的天花都是直接施彩繪的，共184塊，有艷麗的牡丹，有素雅的水仙，有傲雪的紅梅，有清幽的蘭花，一年四季就在這小小的四方之間爭(zhēng)嬌斗奇。在講藻井之前，我想先請(qǐng)朋友們猜一猜，這是一個(gè)什么圖案呢?有朋友說(shuō)這是城市的中心點(diǎn)，還有朋友說(shuō)是云彩，我給大家講一個(gè)民間流傳的故事，聽(tīng)完后大家就會(huì)明白了：傳說(shuō)關(guān)中地區(qū)過(guò)去常鬧水災(zāi)，每一年都會(huì)發(fā)生一次，有位道十看過(guò)風(fēng)水后說(shuō)：鐘樓東半里，地下有一川口，川口里有一條大鰲魚(yú)，每一年這條大鰲魚(yú)都會(huì)按時(shí)出來(lái)呼吸新鮮空氣，它這一露頭，關(guān)中地區(qū)便會(huì)汪洋一片，知縣得知這一消息后，便命工匠將原鐘樓拆除，在它的東半里，一個(gè)十字交叉路口處重新建了一座鐘樓，鐘樓建好后，果然再也沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò)水災(zāi)，因此工匠在施藻井彩繪的時(shí)候，就做了這樣一幅“霞光萬(wàn)道”圖，大家看這幅圖案像不像太陽(yáng)照在井眼里泛出的七色波紋呢?這正是：鐘號(hào)景云鳴彩鳳，樓雄川口鎖金鰲。
西安鐘樓三分鐘導(dǎo)游詞 篇2
Hello, everyone. I'm the tour guide along the bell tower and the city wall.The bell of __ bell tower interprets the simplicity of the ancient city of Xi'anand the richness of this historical ancient city. In the next few days, whileenjoying the scenery along the walls of the bell and Drum Tower, you can alsofeel the other side of the charm of the ancient city of Xi'an, that is, Xi'an'sfood culture. Speaking of Xi'an's food, can you tell us what are the more famoussnacks in Xi'an?
Xi'an's food culture is full of rich northwest customs. Tasting Xi'an'ssnacks is a great pleasure to visit Xi'an. Whether it's mutton steamed bun,which has always been loved by Xi'an people, or the famous "Xi'an DumplingBanquet" at home and abroad, it has distinctive local characteristics.
On my right hand side are two buildings imitating Ming and Qing Dynasties.I wonder if you have noticed the striking sentence on the building: "eternalflavor dumpling fragrance, legendary quality tefachang". Yes, this is thewell-known Chinese time-honored tefachang at home and abroad. Tefachang isfamous for its dumpling feast. If you want to taste it, you can go with eachother to feel the extraordinary things of DeFaChang after our trip. At the sametime, I also tell you a very unfortunate thing: I haven't tasted the dumplingshere! But I think since it has the name of eternal flavor, it must be worthy ofits name. After finishing the dumplings, some people will ask where the muttonsteamed bun is Is there any place for sale? Please follow me. We can clearly seethat there is a restaurant with the same architectural style next to DeFaChang -tongshengxiang. At the gate of tongshengxiang, we will inadvertently notice asculpture. Can you tell which of the eight monsters in Shaanxi is displayed bythis sculpture? (don't sit up on the stool.) tongshengxiang is mainly engaged inbeef and mutton steamed buns, various special snacks, and integrates traditionalcharacteristics with modern fashion. So when you come to this place for dinner,I think you will feel the diversity of Xi'an culture Colorful!
Through the bell and Drum Tower Square, we now arrive at the magnificentand elegant Drum Tower. On both sides of the street are antique buildings, andthere are all kinds of famous Xi'an snacks. So I want to ask you, what is themost famous snack street in Xi'an? It goes without saying that it is the Huisnack street. If tourists come to Xi'an have a chance to come to the Hui snackstreet I think it's not only because of the huge number of food shops andjewelry shops on both sides of the street, but also because of the profoundcultural connotation of the street.
Huimin Street generally refers to the North-South street from Gulou toBeiyuanmen, but sometimes it also includes Huajue lane, Xiyang city andDapiyuan. As the name suggests, Hui Street is a place where Hui people livetogether. Xi'an Huimin street is a street in Huimin District, about 500 meters,characterized by bluestone paving and green trees
Chengyin, on both sides of the road are antique buildings imitating theMing and Qing Dynasties. The shops on both sides are mainly engaged in cateringand some accessories with Shaanxi characteristics, and they are all operated byHui people, with strong halal characteristics, which are deeply loved by foreigntourists.
The restaurants you see on both sides of the street are authentic Muslimhotels. There are several famous restaurants, such as halal Pingwa barbecueshop, Jia Sanguan soup bag, fried rice with red and red pickled cabbage,Laosun's mutton steamed bun in Dapiyuan, etc. There is also an interestinglegend about Xi'an mutton steamed bun. It is said that Zhao Kuangyin, theemperor of the Song Dynasty, was trapped in Chang'an before he became emperor.He lived a life of drinking and starving all day. One day he came to a shop thatwas cooking beef and mutton. The shopkeeper saw that he was very pitiful, so heasked him to break his own dry steamed bun. Then the shopkeeper poured aspoonful of boiling broth and put it in the kitchen Cook well on the fire. ThenZhao Kuangyin ate the meal, and he felt that it was the best food in the world.Later, Zhao Kuangyin became emperor. One day, when he passed Chang'an, he stillcould not forget the beef and mutton steamed buns he had eaten here. He went tothis restaurant with the Minister of culture and military to eat a bowl of beefand mutton steamed buns. After eating, he still felt delicious, so he rewardedthe shopkeeper. Since then, as soon as the story of the emperor eating paomospread, beef and mutton paomo has become a famous snack on Chang'an Street. SuDongpo, a great writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, once wrote a hymn that"there is Xiong La in Longxi, and only sheep soup in Qin cuisine". So if youhave a chance, you must taste the local folk flavor.
In fact, in the street of Hui people's snacks, there are many ornamentswith local characteristics for you to choose from. You can see that theseornaments are full of variety. For example, there are terracotta warriors andhorses ornaments, the eighth wonder of the world. You can buy one or two as amemorial to Xi'an. At the same time, we can notice that there are manychildren's tiger shoes, big red hats and so on. As we all know, red representsauspiciousness and Ruyi, so I think it is necessary for you to buy somesouvenirs in Huimin street.
Just now we said that the Hui people's snack street has a profound culturalconnotation. Who knows its origin? As early as more than 1000 years ago in theHan Dynasty, the Hui people's street once served as the starting point of theSilk Road, welcoming merchants, envoys and students from ancient Arabia, Persiaand other places. So these people are the later Hui people. According tohistorical records, many people along the silk road came to the bustling city ofChang'an, where they did business, studied abroad, and became officials. Today,it has become a community of more than 60000 Hui Muslims. As a place for theinheritance of Islamic culture, there are still many cultural relics of the TangDynasty, such as the light gate, the west gate gate group of the Ming Dynasty,many well preserved mosques and Taoist Town God's Temple, five Buddhist temples,and the Lamaism Guangyuan temple. Many streets in the block have a strongIslamic style, with Muslim Food City, ethnic shopping center, mosque and Muslimliving area.
As you can see now, the temple is located in Huajue lane. It was built inthe first year of Tianbao, Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. It has a history of morethan 1200 years. After several renovations and extensions in song, yuan, Mingand Qing Dynasties, it gradually formed a huge ancient architectural complexwith the style of Ming and Qing Dynasties, which is large-scale, compact,harmonious and solemn. Its architectural style embodies the organic unity ofIslamic culture and Chinese traditional architectural art. It is one of the mostdistinctive, well preserved and typical Chinese style mosques in China so far.The temple is divided into five courtyards, covering an area of 13000 squaremeters. After 30 years of renovation by the government and the temple, not onlythe original appearance of the temple has been maintained, but also a lot of newMing and Qing buildings in line with the style of the temple have beenadded.
It is believed that through the effective protection of the culture in thisarea, Xi'an Hui historical district will become a tourist attraction that canreflect the cultural characteristics, loess culture and Muslim culture ofXi'an.
Next, we will go to our next stop - Xi'an ancient city wall. On the way tothe ancient city wall, I will briefly introduce the scenic spots along the way.What is worth mentioning is the ancient culture street,
From the south of the bell tower in Xi'an, when you get to the south gate,and then turn east, you can see the ancient culture street of Shuyuan gate.There is a tall archway with ancient charm at the entrance of the street. Abovethe archway are three gold faced characters of "Shuyuan gate". On both sides areeye-catching couplets of "the forest of Steles collects national treasures, andthe Academy cultivates outstanding people". From this couplet, we can easily seethe theme of the street. Obviously, the gate of the academy has more poeticcharm than the Hui snack street we just introduced. If you are interested, youcan visit the gate of the Academy. Maybe you will have more harvest here.
That's all for the explanation from the bell and drum tower to the citywall. If you don't know anything else, just ask me, and I'll try my best toanswer it for you. At the same time, I sincerely hope you can have a good timein Xi'an!
西安鐘樓三分鐘導(dǎo)游詞 篇3
鐘樓地處西安繁華的東、西、南、北四條大街交匯處，它古時(shí)用來(lái)在清晨敲鐘報(bào)時(shí)，故稱鐘樓 。從建成之日起，鐘樓就一直被看作是古城西安的象征，現(xiàn)為陜西省重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。它是我國(guó)古代遺留下來(lái)許多鐘樓中形制最大、保存最完整的一座。西安是明代西北軍政重鎮(zhèn)，它的鐘樓無(wú)論從建筑規(guī)模歷史價(jià)值或藝術(shù)價(jià)值各方面衡量，都居全國(guó)同類建筑之冠。
鐘樓始建于1384年。鐘樓的基座是正方形，占地1377.4平方米，高8.6米，寬35.5米，全部用青磚砌成。樓為磚木結(jié)構(gòu)，高36米。外部重檐3層，但內(nèi)部?jī)H上下兩層。樓檐四角攢頂，檐下飾有彩繪斗拱。“斗拱”是我國(guó)古代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的特點(diǎn)之一。在世界建筑史上也是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。它不但能使建筑物更加牢固，而且更加美觀。斗拱在 商代就已出現(xiàn)，在我國(guó)青銅器的花紋上，可以看到較完整的斗拱圖象。
特點(diǎn)：鐘樓始建于明太祖朱元璋洪武十七年(公元1384年)，因樓上懸掛鐵鐘一口而得名。初建時(shí)，地址在今廣濟(jì)街口，與鼓樓對(duì)峙。明神宗萬(wàn)歷十年(公元1582年)由巡安御使龔賢主持，將鐘樓整體遷移于今址。鐘樓呈典型明代建筑藝術(shù)風(fēng)格，重檐斗拱，攢頂高聳，屋檐微翹，華麗莊嚴(yán)。
巨鐘軼聞 ：鐘樓的西北角上陳列著一口明代鐵鐘，重5噸，鐘邊鑄有八卦圖案，建造于明成化年間(1465～1487年)。但它比鐘樓早先懸掛的銅鐘卻小得多了。鐘樓原先懸掛的巨鐘是唐代景云年間鑄造的“景云鐘”(現(xiàn)藏于碑林博物館)。據(jù)說(shuō)，遷到今址之后，雖然樓的式樣大小并沒(méi)有改變，景云鐘卻怎么也敲不響了。無(wú)可奈何，只有另?yè)Q。