ted演講

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2024-08-03

ted演講（精選35篇）

ted演講篇1

　　Hi. I'm here to talk to you about the importance of praise, admiration and thank you, and having it be specific and genuine.

　　嗨。我在這里要和大家談?wù)?向別人表達(dá)贊美，傾佩和謝意的重要性。并使它們聽來(lái)真誠(chéng)，具體。

　　And the way I got interested in this was, I noticed in myself, when I was growing up, and until about a few years ago, that I would want to say thank you to someone, I would want to praise them, I would want to take in their praise of me and I'd just stop it. And I asked myself, whyI felt shy, I felt embarrassed. And then my question became, am I the only one who does thisSo, I decided to investigate.

　　之所以我對(duì)此感興趣是因?yàn)槲覐奈易约旱某砷L(zhǎng)中注意到幾年前，當(dāng)我想要對(duì)某個(gè)人說(shuō)聲謝謝時(shí)，當(dāng)我想要贊美他們時(shí)，當(dāng)我想接受他們對(duì)我的贊揚(yáng)，但我卻沒(méi)有說(shuō)出口。我問(wèn)我自己，這是為什么？我感到害羞，我感到尷尬。接著我產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)問(wèn)題難道我是唯一一個(gè)這么做的人嗎？所以我決定做些探究。

　　I'm fortunate enough to work in the facility, so I get to see people who are facing life and death with addiction. And sometimes it comes down to something as simple as, their core wound is their father died without ever saying he's proud of them. But then, they hear from all the family and friends that the father told everybody else that he was proud of him, but he never told the son. It's because he didn't know that his son needed to hear it.

　　我非常幸運(yùn)的在一家康復(fù)中心工作，所以我可以看到那些因?yàn)樯习a而面臨生與死的人。有時(shí)候這一切可以非常簡(jiǎn)單地歸結(jié)為，他們最核心的創(chuàng)傷來(lái)自于他們父親到死都未說(shuō)過(guò)“他為他們而自豪”。但他們從所有其它家庭或朋友那里得知他的父親告訴其他人為他感到自豪，但這個(gè)父親從沒(méi)告訴過(guò)他兒子。因?yàn)樗恢浪膬鹤有枰牭竭@一切。

　　So my question is, why don't we ask for the things that we needI know a gentleman, married for 25 years, who's longing to hear his wife say, "Thank you for being the breadwinner, so I can stay home with the kids," but won't ask. I know a woman who's good at this. She, once a week, meets with her husband and says, "I'd really like you to thank me for all these things I did in the house and with the kids." And he goes, "Oh, this is great, this is great." And praise really does have to be genuine, but she takes responsibility for that. And a friend of mine, April, who I've had since kindergarten, she thanks her children for doing their . And she said, "Why wouldn't I thank it, even though they're supposed to do it"

　　因此我的問(wèn)題是，為什么我們不索求我們需要的東西呢？我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)結(jié)婚25年的男士渴望聽到他妻子說(shuō)， “感謝你為這個(gè)家在外賺錢，這樣我才能在家陪伴著孩子，” 但他從來(lái)不

　　去問(wèn)。我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)精于此道的女士。每周一次，她見到丈夫后會(huì)說(shuō)， “我真的希望你為我對(duì)這個(gè)家和孩子們付出的努力而感謝我。” 他會(huì)應(yīng)和到“哦，真是太棒了，真是太棒了。” 贊揚(yáng)別人一定要真誠(chéng)，但她對(duì)贊美承擔(dān)了責(zé)任。一個(gè)從我上幼兒園就一直是朋友的叫April的人，她會(huì)感謝她的孩子們做了家務(wù)。她說(shuō)：“為什么我不表示感謝呢，即使他們本來(lái)就要做那些事情？”

　　So, the question is, why was I blocking itWhy were other people blocking itWhy can I say, "I'll take my steak , I need size six shoes," but I won't say, "Would you praise me this way" And it's because I'm giving you critical data about me. I'm telling you where I'm insecure. I'm telling you where I need your help. And I'm treating you, my inner circle, like you're the enemy. Because what can you do with that dataYou could neglect me. You could abuse it. Or you could actually meet my need.

　　因此我的問(wèn)題是，為什么我不說(shuō)呢？為什么其它人不說(shuō)呢？為什么我能說(shuō)：“我要一塊中等厚度的牛排，我需要6號(hào)尺寸的鞋子，” 但我卻不能說(shuō)：“你可以贊揚(yáng)我嗎？” 因?yàn)檫@會(huì)使我把我的重要信息與你分享。會(huì)讓我告訴了你我內(nèi)心的不安。會(huì)讓你認(rèn)為我需要你的幫助。雖然你是我最貼心的人，我卻把你當(dāng)作是敵人。你會(huì)用我托付給你的重要信息做些什么呢？你可以忽視我。你可以濫用它。或者你可以滿足我的要求。

　　And I took my bike into the bike store-- I love this -- same bike, and they'd do something called "truing" the wheels. The guy said, "You know, when you true the wheels, it's going to make the bike so much better." I get the same bike back, and they've taken all the little warps out of those same wheels I've had for two and a half years, and my bike is like new. So, I'm going to challenge all of you. I want you to true your wheels: be honest about the praise that you need to hear. What do you need to hearGo home to your wife -- go ask her, what does she needGo home to your husband -- what does he needGo home and ask those questions, and then help the people around you.

　　我把我的自行車拿到車行－－我喜歡這么做－－同樣的`自行車，他們會(huì)對(duì)車輪做整形。那里的人說(shuō)：“當(dāng)你對(duì)車輪做整形時(shí)，它會(huì)使自行車變成更好�！� 我把這輛自行車拿回來(lái)，他們把有小小彎曲的鐵絲從輪子上拿走這輛車我用了2年半，現(xiàn)在還像新的一樣。所以我要問(wèn)在場(chǎng)的所有人，我希望你們把你們的車輪整形一下：真誠(chéng)面對(duì)對(duì)你們想聽到的贊美。你們想聽到什么呢？回家問(wèn)問(wèn)你們的妻子，她想聽到什么？回家問(wèn)問(wèn)你們的丈夫，他想聽到什么？回家問(wèn)問(wèn)這些問(wèn)題，并幫助身邊的人實(shí)現(xiàn)它們。

　　And it's simple. And why should we care about thisWe talk about world peace. How can we have world peace with different cultures, different languagesI think it starts household by household, under the same roof. So, let's make it right in our own backyard. And I want to thank all of you in the audience for

　　being great husbands, great mothers, friends, daughters, sons. And maybe somebody's never said that to you, but you've done a really, really good job. And thank you for being here, just showing up and changing the world with your ideas.

　　非常簡(jiǎn)單。為什么要關(guān)心這個(gè)呢？我們談?wù)撌澜绾推健?我們?cè)趺从貌煌奈幕�，不同的語(yǔ)言來(lái)保持世界和平？我想要從每個(gè)小家庭開始。所以讓我們?cè)诩依锞桶堰@件事情做好。我想要感謝所有在這里的人們因?yàn)槟銈兪呛谜煞颍媚赣H，好伙伴，好女兒和好兒子。或許有些人從沒(méi)跟你們說(shuō)過(guò) 但你們已經(jīng)做得非常非常得出色了。

　　界顯示著你們的智慧，并用它們改變著世界。感謝你們來(lái)到這里，向世

ted演講篇2

　　擁抱他人，擁抱自己

　　embracing otherness. when i first heard this theme, i thought, well,embracing otherness is embracing myself. and the journey to that place ofunderstanding and acceptance has been an interesting one for me, and it's givenme an insight into the whole notion of self, which i think is worth sharing withyou today.

　　擁抱他類。當(dāng)我第一次聽說(shuō)這個(gè)主題時(shí)，我心想，擁抱他類不就是擁抱自己?jiǎn)�。我個(gè)人懂得理解和接受他類的經(jīng)歷很有趣，讓我對(duì)于“自己”這個(gè)詞也有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)，我想今天在這里和你們分享下我的心得體會(huì)。

　　we each have a self, but i don't think that we're born with one. you knowhow newborn babies believe they're part of everything; they're not separate?well that fundamental sense of oneness is lost on us very quickly. it's likethat initial stage is over -- oneness: infancy, unformed, primitive. it's nolonger valid or real. what is real is separateness, and at some point in earlybabyhood, the idea of self starts to form. our little portion of oneness isgiven a name, is told all kinds of things about itself, and these details,opinions and ideas become facts, which go towards building ourselves, ouridentity. and that self becomes the vehicle for navigating our social world. butthe self is a projection based on other people's projections. is it who wereally are? or who we really want to be, or should be?

　　我們每個(gè)人都有個(gè)自我，但并不是生來(lái)就如此的。你知道新生的寶寶們覺得他們是任何東西的一部分，而不是分裂的個(gè)體。這種本源上的“天人合一”感在我們出生后很快就不見了，就好像我們?nèi)松牡谝粋€(gè)篇章--和諧統(tǒng)一：嬰兒，未成形，原始--結(jié)束了。它們似幻似影，而現(xiàn)實(shí)的世界是孤獨(dú)彼此分離的。而在孩童期的某段時(shí)間，我們開始形成自我這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。宇宙中的小小個(gè)體有了自己的名字，有了自己的過(guò)去等等各種信息。這些關(guān)于自己的細(xì)節(jié)，看法和觀點(diǎn)慢慢變成事實(shí)，成為我們身份的一部分。而那個(gè)自我，也變成我們?nèi)松飞锨靶械膶?dǎo)航儀。然后，這個(gè)所謂的自我，是他人自我的映射，還是我們真實(shí)的自己呢?我們究竟想成為什么樣，應(yīng)該成為什么樣的呢?

　　so this whole interaction with self and identity was a very difficult onefor me growing up. the self that i attempted to take out into the world wasrejected over and over again. and my panic at not having a self that fit, andthe confusion that came from my self being rejected, created an_iety, shame andhopelessness, which kind of defined me for a long time. but in retrospect, thedestruction of my self was so repetitive that i started to see a pattern. theself changed, got affected, broken, destroyed, but another one would evolve --sometimes stronger, sometimes hateful, sometimes not wanting to be there at all.the self was not constant. and how many times would my self have to die before irealized that it was never alive in the first place?

　　這個(gè)和自我打交道，尋找自己身份的過(guò)程在我的成長(zhǎng)記憶中一點(diǎn)都不容易。我想成為的那些“自我”不斷被否定再否定，而我害怕自己無(wú)法融入周遭的環(huán)境，因被否定而引起的困惑讓我變得更加憂慮，感到羞恥和無(wú)望，在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間就是我存在狀態(tài)。然而回頭看，對(duì)自我的解構(gòu)是那么頻繁，以至于我發(fā)現(xiàn)了這樣一種規(guī)律。自我是變化的，受他人影響，分裂或被打敗，而另一個(gè)自我會(huì)產(chǎn)生，這個(gè)自我可能更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，可能更可憎，有時(shí)你也不想變成那樣。所謂自我不是固定不變的。而我需要經(jīng)歷多少次自我的破碎重生才會(huì)明白其實(shí)自我從來(lái)沒(méi)有存在過(guò)?

　　i grew up on the coast of england in the '70s. my dad is white fromcornwall, and my mom is black from zimbabwe. even the idea of us as a family waschallenging to most people. but nature had its wicked way, and brown babies wereborn. but from about the age of five, i was aware that i didn't fit. i was theblack atheist kid in the all-white catholic school run by nuns. i was ananomaly, and my self was rooting around for definition and trying to plug in.because the self likes to fit, to see itself replicated, to belong. thatconfirms its e_istence and its importance. and it is important. it has ane_tremely important function. without it, we literally can't interface withothers. we can't hatch plans and climb that stairway of popularity, of success.but my skin color wasn't right. my hair wasn't right. my history wasn't right.my self became defined by otherness, which meant that, in that social world, ididn't really e_ist. and i was "other" before being anything else -- even beforebeing a girl. i was a noticeable nobody.

　　我在70年代英格蘭海邊長(zhǎng)大，我的父親是康沃爾的白人，母親是津巴布韋的黑人。而想象我和父母是一家人對(duì)于其他人來(lái)說(shuō)總是不太自然。自然有它自己的魔術(shù)，棕色皮膚的寶寶誕生了。但從我五歲開始，我就有種感覺我不是這個(gè)群體的。我是一個(gè)全白人天主教會(huì)學(xué)校里面黑皮膚無(wú)神論小孩。我與他人是不同的，而那個(gè)熱衷于歸屬的自我卻到處尋找方式尋找歸屬感。這種認(rèn)同感讓自我感受到存在感和重要性，因此十分重要。這點(diǎn)是如此重要，如果沒(méi)有自我，我們根本無(wú)法與他人溝通。沒(méi)有它，我們無(wú)所適從，無(wú)法獲取成功或變得受人歡迎。但我的膚色不對(duì)，我的頭發(fā)不對(duì)，我的過(guò)去不對(duì)，我的一切都是另類定義的，在這個(gè)社會(huì)里，我其實(shí)并不真實(shí)存在。我首先是個(gè)異類，其次才是個(gè)女孩。我是可見卻毫無(wú)意義的人。

　　another world was opening up around this time: performance and dancing.that nagging dread of self-hood didn't e_ist when i was dancing. i'd literallylose myself. and i was a really good dancer. i would put all my emotionale_pression into my dancing. i could be in the movement in a way that i wasn'table to be in my real life, in myself.

　　這時(shí)候，另一個(gè)世界向我敞開了大門：舞蹈表演。那種關(guān)于自我的嘮叨恐懼在舞蹈時(shí)消失了，我放開四肢，也成為了一位不錯(cuò)的舞者。我將所有的情緒都融入到舞蹈的動(dòng)作中去，我可以在舞蹈中與自己相溶，盡管在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中卻無(wú)法做到。

　　and at 16, i stumbled across another opportunity, and i earned my firstacting role in a film. i can hardly find the words to describe the peace i feltwhen i was acting. my dysfunctional self could actually plug in to another self,not my own, and it felt so good. it was the first time that i e_isted inside afully-functioning self -- one that i controlled, that i steered, that i gavelife to. but the shooting day would end, and i'd return to my gnarly, awkwardself.

　　16歲的時(shí)候，我遇到了另一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，第一部參演的電影。我無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)在演戲的時(shí)候我所感受到的平和，我無(wú)處著落的自我可以與那個(gè)角色融為一體，而不是我自己。那感覺真棒。這是第一次我感覺到我擁有一個(gè)自我，我可以駕馭，令其富有盛名的自我。然而當(dāng)拍攝結(jié)束，我又會(huì)回到自己粗糙不明，笨拙的自我。

　　by 19, i was a fully-fledged movie actor, but still searching fordefinition. i applied to read anthropology at university. dr. phyllis lee gaveme my interview, and she asked me, "how would you define race?" well, i thoughti had the answer to that one, and i said, "skin color." "so biology, genetics?"she said. "because, thandie, that's not accurate. because there's actually moregenetic difference between a black kenyan and a black ugandan than there isbetween a black kenyan and, say, a white norwegian. because we all stem fromafrica. so in africa, there's been more time to create genetic diversity." inother words, race has no basis in biological or scientific fact. on the onehand, result. right? on the other hand, my definition of self just lost a hugechunk of its credibility. but what was credible, what is biological andscientific fact, is that we all stem from africa -- in fact, from a woman calledmitochondrial eve who lived 160,000 years ago. and race is an illegitimateconcept which our selves have created based on fear and ignorance.

　　19歲的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)是富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的專業(yè)電影演員，而我還是在尋找自我的定義。我申請(qǐng)了大學(xué)的人類學(xué)專業(yè)。phyllislee博士面試了我，她問(wèn)我：“你怎么定義種族?”我覺得我很了解這個(gè)話題，我說(shuō)：“膚色。”“那么生物上來(lái)說(shuō)呢，例如遺傳基因?”她說(shuō)，“thandie膚色并不全面，其實(shí)一個(gè)肯尼亞黑人和烏干達(dá)黑人之間基因差異比一個(gè)肯尼亞黑人和挪威白人之間差異要更多。因?yàn)槲覀兌际菑姆侵迊?lái)的，所以在非洲，基因變異演化的時(shí)間是最久的�！睋Q句話說(shuō)，種族在生物學(xué)或任何科學(xué)上都沒(méi)有事實(shí)根據(jù)。另一方面，我對(duì)于自我的定義瞬時(shí)失去了一大片基礎(chǔ)。但那就是生物學(xué)事實(shí)，我們都是非洲后裔，一位在160 0__年前的偉大女性mitochondrialeve的后人。而種族這個(gè)無(wú)效的概念是我們基于恐懼和無(wú)知自己捏造出來(lái)的。

　　strangely, these revelations didn't cure my low self-esteem, that feelingof otherness. my desire to disappear was still very powerful. i had a degreefrom cambridge; i had a thriving career, but my self was a car crash, and iwound up with bulimia and on a therapist's couch. and of course i did. i stillbelieved my self was all i was. i still valued self-worth above all other worth,and what was there to suggest otherwise? we've created entire value systems anda physical reality to support the worth of self. look at the industry forself-image and the jobs it creates, the revenue it turns over. we'd be right inassuming that the self is an actual living thing. but it's not. it's aprojection which our clever brains create in order to cheat ourselves from thereality of death.

　　奇怪的是，這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)并沒(méi)有治好我的自卑，那種被排擠的感覺。我還是那么強(qiáng)烈地想要離開消失。我從劍橋拿到了學(xué)位，我有份充滿發(fā)展的工作，然而我的自我還是一團(tuán)糟，我得了催吐病不得不接受治療師的幫助。我還是相信自我是我的全部。我還是堅(jiān)信“自我”的價(jià)值甚過(guò)一切。而且我們身處的世界就是如此，我們的整個(gè)價(jià)值系統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境都是在服務(wù)“自我”的價(jià)值�？纯床煌袠I(yè)里面對(duì)于自我的塑造，看看它們創(chuàng)造的那些工作，產(chǎn)出的那些利潤(rùn)。我們甚至必須相信自我是真實(shí)存在的。但它們不是，自我不過(guò)是我們聰明的腦袋假想出來(lái)騙自己不去思考死亡這個(gè)話題的幌子。

　　but there is something that can give the self ultimate and infiniteconnection -- and that thing is oneness, our essence. the self's struggle forauthenticity and definition will never end unless it's connected to its creator-- to you and to me. and that can happen with awareness -- awareness of thereality of oneness and the projection of self-hood. for a start, we can thinkabout all the times when we do lose ourselves. it happens when i dance, when i'macting. i'm earthed in my essence, and my self is suspended. in those moments,i'm connected to everything -- the ground, the air, the sounds, the energy fromthe audience. all my senses are alert and alive in much the same way as aninfant might feel -- that feeling of oneness.

　　但其實(shí)我們的終極自我其實(shí)是我們的本源，合一。掙扎自我是否真實(shí)，究竟是什么永遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有終結(jié)，除非它和賦予它意義的創(chuàng)造者合一，就是你和我。而這點(diǎn)當(dāng)我們意識(shí)到現(xiàn)實(shí)是你中有我，我中有你，和諧統(tǒng)一，而自我是種假象時(shí)就會(huì)體會(huì)到了。我們可以想想，什么時(shí)候我們是身心統(tǒng)一的，例如說(shuō)我跳舞，表演的時(shí)候，我和我的本源連結(jié)，而我的自我被拋在一邊。那時(shí)，我和身邊的一切--空氣，大地，聲音，觀眾的反饋都連結(jié)在一起。我的知覺是敏銳和鮮活的，就像初生的嬰兒那樣，合一。

　　and when i'm acting a role, i inhabit another self, and i give it life forawhile, because when the self is suspended so is divisiveness and judgment. andi've played everything from a vengeful ghost in the time of slavery to secretaryof state in __. and no matter how other these selves might be, they're allrelated in me. and i honestly believe the key to my success as an actor and myprogress as a person has been the very lack of self that used to make me feel soan_ious and insecure. i always wondered why i could feel others' pain so deeply,why i could recognize the somebody in the nobody. it's because i didn't have aself to get in the way. i thought i lacked substance, and the fact that i couldfeel others' meant that i had nothing of myself to feel. the thing that was asource of shame was actually a source of enlightenment.

　　當(dāng)我在演戲的時(shí)候，我讓另一個(gè)自我住在我體內(nèi)，我代表它行動(dòng)。當(dāng)我的自我被拋開，緊隨的分歧和主觀判斷也消失了。我曾經(jīng)扮演過(guò)奴隸時(shí)代的復(fù)仇鬼魂，也扮演過(guò)__年的國(guó)務(wù)卿。不管他們這些自我是怎樣的，他們都在那時(shí)與我相連。而我也深信作為演員，我的成功，或是作為個(gè)體，我的成長(zhǎng)都是源于我缺乏“自我”，那種缺乏曾經(jīng)讓我非常憂慮和不安。我總是不明白為什么我會(huì)那么深地感受到他人的痛苦，為什么我可以從不知名的人身上看出他人的印痕。是因?yàn)槲覜](méi)有所謂的自我來(lái)左右我感受的信息吧。我以為我缺少些什么，我以為我對(duì)他人的理解是因?yàn)槲胰狈ψ晕�。那個(gè)曾經(jīng)是我深感羞恥的東西其實(shí)是種啟示。

　　and when i realized and really understood that my self is a projection andthat it has a function, a funny thing happened. i stopped giving it so muchauthority. i give it its due. i take it to therapy. i've become very familiarwith its dysfunctional behavior. but i'm not ashamed of my self. in fact, irespect my self and its function. and over time and with practice, i've tried tolive more and more from my essence. and if you can do that, incredible thingshappen.

　　當(dāng)我真的理解我的自我不過(guò)是種映射，是種工具，一件奇怪的事情發(fā)生了。我不再讓它過(guò)多控制我的生活。我學(xué)習(xí)管理它，像把它帶去看醫(yī)生一樣，我很熟悉那些因自我而失調(diào)的舉動(dòng)。我不因自我而羞恥，事實(shí)上，我很尊敬我的自我和它的功能。而隨著時(shí)間過(guò)去，我的技術(shù)也更加熟練，我可以更多的和我的本源共存。如果你愿意嘗試，不可以思議的事情也會(huì)發(fā)生在你身上。

　　i was in congo in february, dancing and celebrating with women who'vesurvived the destruction of their selves in literally unthinkable ways --destroyed because other brutalized, psychopathic selves all over that beautifulland are fueling our selves' addiction to ipods, pads, and bling, which furtherdisconnect ourselves from ever feeling their pain, their suffering, their death.because, hey, if we're all living in ourselves and mistaking it for life, thenwe're devaluing and desensitizing life. and in that disconnected state, yeah, wecan build factory farms with no windows, destroy marine life and use rape as aweapon of war. so here's a note to self: the cracks have started to show in ourconstructed world, and oceans will continue to surge through the cracks, and oiland blood, rivers of it.

　　今年二月，我在剛果和一群女性一起跳舞和慶祝，她們都是經(jīng)歷過(guò)各種無(wú)法想象事情“自我”遍體鱗傷的人們，那些備受摧殘，心理變態(tài)的自我充斥在這片美麗的土地，而我們?nèi)园V迷地追逐著ipod，pad等各種閃亮的東西，將我們與他們的痛苦，死亡隔得更遠(yuǎn)。如果我們各自生活在自我中，并無(wú)以為這就是生活，那么我們是在貶低和遠(yuǎn)離生命的意義。在這種脫節(jié)的狀態(tài)中，我們是可以建設(shè)沒(méi)有窗戶的工廠，破壞海洋生態(tài)，將__作為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的工具。為我們的自我做個(gè)解釋：這是看似完善的世界里的裂痕，海洋，河流，石油和鮮血正不斷地從縫中涌出。

　　crucially, we haven't been figuring out how to live in oneness with theearth and every other living thing. we've just been insanely trying to figureout how to live with each other -- billions of each other. only we're not livingwith each other; our crazy selves are living with each other and perpetuating anepidemic of disconnection.

　　關(guān)鍵的是，我們還沒(méi)有明白如何和自然以及其他所有生物和諧地共處。我們只是瘋狂地想和其他人溝通，幾十億其他人。只有當(dāng)我們不在和世界合一的時(shí)候，我們瘋狂的自我卻互相憐惜，并永遠(yuǎn)繼續(xù)這場(chǎng)相互隔絕的疫癥。

　　let's live with each other and take it a breath at a time. if we can getunder that heavy self, light a torch of awareness, and find our essence, ourconnection to the infinite and every other living thing. we knew it from the daywe were born. let's not be freaked out by our bountiful nothingness. it's more areality than the ones our selves have created. imagine what kind of e_istence wecan have if we honor inevitable death of self, appreciate the privilege of lifeand marvel at what comes ne_t. simple awareness is where it begins.

　　讓我們共生共榮，并不要太過(guò)激進(jìn)著急。試著放下沉重的自我，點(diǎn)亮知覺的火把，尋找我們的本源，我們與萬(wàn)事萬(wàn)物之間的聯(lián)系。我們初生時(shí)就懂得這個(gè)道理的。不要被我們內(nèi)心豐富的空白嚇到，這比我們虛構(gòu)的自我要真實(shí)。想象如果你能接受自我并不存在，你想要如何生活，感恩生命的可貴和未來(lái)的驚奇。簡(jiǎn)單的覺醒就是開始。

　　thank you for listening.

　　(applause) 謝謝。

ted演講篇3

　　敬愛的老師，親愛的同學(xué)：

　　曾有一個(gè)人，以筆當(dāng)武器有力地打擊日本侵略者，而他的“橫眉冷對(duì)千夫指，俯首甘為孺子�！�，有如太極一般柔中帶剛;曾有一個(gè)人，他放棄可茍且偷安的生活，毅然投身隨時(shí)有著生命危險(xiǎn)的革命事業(yè)，率領(lǐng)中國(guó)人民打下了屬于自己的江山。

　　前者與后者在同一個(gè)時(shí)代，那是中國(guó)淪落的時(shí)代。在列強(qiáng)侵略的鐵蹄踐踏下的中國(guó)，人民的民族意識(shí)仍然很弱，仍在外來(lái)侵略者以及軍閥的壓迫下過(guò)著渾渾噩噩的生活。前者剛開始并沒(méi)有意識(shí)到精神上的麻木才是最可怕的，他看到的只是民不聊生的慘狀，當(dāng)他看到人們?cè)诓⊥吹恼勰ハ露揠x世，他突然想到如果能成為一名救死扶傷的醫(yī)生，醫(yī)治病人，也許人民的生活會(huì)好起來(lái)。

　　于是他不辭辛苦飄洋來(lái)到異國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)術(shù)。他很努力，只希望早日學(xué)成，回國(guó)去搶救那些正處于水深火熱之中的人民，但在一次令他終身難忘的事情之后，他改變了他的認(rèn)識(shí)。他不再熱衷于學(xué)醫(yī)，而是拿起鋒利的毛筆與侵略者做抗掙。

　　那一天他路過(guò)街邊的電影院，瞥見了銀幕上中國(guó)人目睹自己的同胞受到侵略者迫害而毫無(wú)反應(yīng)地令人吃驚的一幕，此時(shí)此刻他如醍醐灌頂一般猛地清醒過(guò)來(lái)了，原來(lái)僅僅醫(yī)治好人們的肉體是不夠的，因?yàn)闊o(wú)法醫(yī)治好他們麻木的靈魂，即使擁有健康的身體也永遠(yuǎn)只是任人使喚，任人踐踏的奴隸。要想讓人民過(guò)上幸福的生活，讓祖國(guó)擺脫列強(qiáng)地控制，就必須改變?nèi)藗兊乃枷耄屓嗣裼X醒!他棄醫(yī)從文，先改變了自己，然后用自己的筆喚醒了無(wú)數(shù)的中國(guó)人。

　　后者同樣生活當(dāng)時(shí)那個(gè)兵荒馬亂的年代，他目睹民生疾苦，便發(fā)誓要改變中國(guó)現(xiàn)狀，盡管父親封建，甚至不讓他讀書，接受文化的熏陶。但他叛逆，偏偏要上激進(jìn)的學(xué)堂，他從老師那知道了到中國(guó)民不聊生的根源，愈來(lái)愈按柰不住自己那顆已經(jīng)被改變的想法塞滿的心。

　　但他又異常冷靜，他知道以個(gè)人之力要談改變，無(wú)異于飛蛾撲火，想要中國(guó)徹底擺脫列強(qiáng)的統(tǒng)治，軍閥的壓迫，就必須結(jié)交天下的愛國(guó)愛民的仁人志士，共同_舊制度，改變舊中國(guó)。在湖南第一師范的那幾年，師生之間的志同道合，大大的鼓舞了他。在后來(lái)他投身革命后還總結(jié)分析出了前輩想要改革為何卻屢屢以失敗告終的原因，于是他發(fā)出了”槍桿子底下出政權(quán)“的歷史性的呼聲，從次中國(guó)無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)組建起自己的武裝力量，為后來(lái)打下新中國(guó)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

　　這兩位愛國(guó)人士想必大家都知道，他們的豐功偉績(jī)也永載史冊(cè)。他們想改變國(guó)家，改變世界，就先從改變自身做起。自己擁有了目標(biāo)，有了抱負(fù)，才能改變自己，改變世界!有時(shí)的成功并不是來(lái)源于不變的固執(zhí)，而是改變，學(xué)會(huì)審時(shí)度勢(shì)，學(xué)會(huì)變通。

ted演講篇4

　　20__年5月12日，相信是全中國(guó)人刻骨銘心的日子。在這一天我國(guó)四川汶川縣發(fā)生了高達(dá)7.8級(jí)的強(qiáng)烈地震。地震過(guò)后，社會(huì)各界人士紛紛伸出援助之手。這一刻，我深深感覺到中國(guó)人的團(tuán)結(jié)，當(dāng)我看到電視上的報(bào)道我泣不成聲。曾經(jīng)那么美麗的地方在大地劇烈顫抖過(guò)后，變成一片廢墟使我感到很痛心。

　　在電視上看到了一個(gè)個(gè)因地震而失去父母的孤兒，看到了社會(huì)各界人士對(duì)他們的幫助，也得知大家為災(zāi)民們籌集善款。作為一名中學(xué)生，當(dāng)看到此場(chǎng)景，我的第一反應(yīng)就是去四川汶川縣當(dāng)一名志愿者，為四川汶川縣貢獻(xiàn)自己的一份力量。但是因?yàn)槲业哪挲g和即將到來(lái)的中考我無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)愿望。

　　在此我呼吁所有的愛心人士能夠奉獻(xiàn)自己的一份力量，身體上的創(chuàng)傷可以醫(yī)治，但是失去父母的孤兒內(nèi)心上的創(chuàng)傷是難以安撫的。希望各位叔叔阿姨，可以給他們帶去關(guān)愛。

　　我們每個(gè)人的力量微薄的像一個(gè)螢火蟲。然而，千千萬(wàn)萬(wàn)的螢火蟲匯聚到一起，將會(huì)是無(wú)法抗拒的力量。給災(zāi)民們帶來(lái)光明和希望。

　　我在這里虔誠(chéng)的為受災(zāi)大人民祈禱，早日度過(guò)難關(guān)。像詩(shī)中“長(zhǎng)風(fēng)破浪會(huì)有時(shí)，直掛云帆濟(jì)滄海�！敝兴f(shuō)的，相信你們的明天會(huì)更好。

ted演講篇5

　　I was one of the only kids in college who had a reason to go to the P.O.bo_ at the end of the day, and that was mainly because my mother has neverbelieved in email, in Facebook, in te_ting or cell phones in general. And sowhile other kids were BBM-ing their parents, I was literally waiting by themailbo_ to get a letter from home to see how the weekend had gone, which was alittle frustrating when Grandma was in the hospital, but I was just looking forsome sort of scribble, some unkempt cursive from my mother.

　　And so when I moved to New York City after college and got completelysucker-punched in the face by depression, I did the only thing I could think ofat the time. I wrote those same kinds of letters that my mother had written mefor strangers, and tucked them all throughout the city, dozens and dozens ofthem. I left them everywhere, in cafes and in libraries, at the U.N.,everywhere. I blogged about those letters and the days when they were necessary,and I posed a kind of crazy promise to the Internet: that if you asked me for ahand-written letter, I would write you one, no questions asked. Overnight, myinbo_ morphed into this harbor of heartbreak -- a single mother in Sacramento, agirl being bullied in rural Kansas, all asking me, a 22-year-old girl who barelyeven knew her own coffee order, to write them a love letter and give them areason to wait by the mailbo_.

　　Well, today I fuel a global organization that is fueled by those trips tothe mailbo_, fueled by the ways in which we can harness social media like neverbefore to write and mail strangers letters when they need them most, but most ofall, fueled by crates of mail like this one, my trusty mail crate, filled withthe scriptings of ordinary people, strangers writing letters to other strangersnot because they're ever going to meet and laugh over a cup of coffee, butbecause they have found one another by way of letter-writing.

　　But, you know, the thing that always gets me about these letters is thatmost of them have been written by people that have never known themselves lovedon a piece of paper. They could not tell you about the ink of their own loveletters. They're the ones from my generation, the ones of us that have grown upinto a world where everything is paperless, and where some of our bestconversations have happened upon a screen. We have learned to diary our painonto Facebook, and we speak swiftly in 140 characters or less.

　　But what if it's not about efficiency this time? I was on the subwayyesterday with this mail crate, which is a conversation starter, let me tellyou. If you ever need one, just carry one of these. (Laughter) And a man juststared at me, and he was like, "Well, why don't you use the Internet?" And Ithought, "Well, sir, I am not a strategist, nor am I specialist. I am merely astoryteller." And so I could tell you about a woman whose husband has just comehome from Afghanistan, and she is having a hard time unearthing this thingcalled conversation, and so she tucks love letters throughout the house as a wayto say, "Come back to me. Find me when you can." Or a girl who decides that sheis going to leave love letters around her campus in Dubuque, Iowa, only to findher efforts ripple-effected the ne_t day when she walks out onto the quad andfinds love letters hanging from the trees, tucked in the bushes and the benches.Or the man who decides that he is going to take his life, uses Facebook as a wayto say goodbye to friends and family. Well, tonight he sleeps safely with astack of letters just like this one tucked beneath his pillow, scripted bystrangers who were there for him when.

　　These are the kinds of stories that convinced me that letter-writing willnever again need to flip back her hair and talk about efficiency, because she isan art form now, all the parts of her, the signing, the scripting, the mailing,the doodles in the margins. The mere fact that somebody would even just sitdown, pull out a piece of paper and think about someone the whole way through,with an intention that is so much harder to unearth when the browser is up andthe iPhone is pinging and we've got si_ conversations rolling in at once, thatis an art form that does not fall down to the Goliath of "get faster," no matterhow many social networks we might join. We still clutch close these letters toour chest, to the words that speak louder than loud, when we turn pages intopalettes to say the things that we have needed to say, the words that we haveneeded to write, to sisters and brothers and even to strangers, for far toolong. Thank you.

ted演講篇6

　　我是個(gè)說(shuō)書之人。在這里，我想和大家分享一些我本人的故事。一些關(guān)于所謂的“單一故事的危險(xiǎn)性”的經(jīng)歷。我成長(zhǎng)在尼日利亞?wèn)|部的一所大學(xué)校園里。我母親常說(shuō)我從兩歲起就開始讀書。不過(guò)我認(rèn)為“四歲起”比較接近事實(shí)。所以我從小就開始讀書，讀的是英國(guó)和美國(guó)的兒童書籍。

　　我也是從小就開始寫作，當(dāng)我在七歲那年，開始強(qiáng)迫我可憐的母親閱讀我用鉛筆寫好的故事，外加上蠟筆描繪的插圖時(shí)，我所寫的故事正如我所讀的故事那般，我故事里的人物們都是白皮膚、藍(lán)眼睛的。常在雪中嬉戲，吃著蘋果。而且他們經(jīng)常討論天氣，討論太陽(yáng)出來(lái)時(shí)，一切都多么美好。我一直寫著這樣故事，雖然說(shuō)我當(dāng)時(shí)住在尼日利亞，并且從來(lái)沒(méi)有出過(guò)國(guó)。雖然說(shuō)我們從來(lái)沒(méi)見過(guò)雪，雖然說(shuō)我們實(shí)際上只能吃到芒果;雖然說(shuō)我們從不討論天氣，因?yàn)楦緵](méi)這個(gè)必要。

　　我故事里的人物們也常喝姜汁啤酒，因?yàn)槲宜x的那些英國(guó)書中的人物們常喝姜汁啤酒。雖然說(shuō)我當(dāng)時(shí)完全不知道姜汁啤酒是什么東西。時(shí)隔多年，我一直都懷揣著一個(gè)深切的渴望，想嘗嘗姜汁啤酒的味道。不過(guò)這要另當(dāng)別論了。

　　這一切所表明的，正是在一個(gè)個(gè)的故事面前，我們是何等的脆弱，何等的易受影響，尤其當(dāng)我們還是孩子的時(shí)候，因?yàn)槲耶?dāng)時(shí)讀的所有書中只有外國(guó)人物，我因而堅(jiān)信：書要想被稱為書，就必須有外國(guó)人在里面，就必須是關(guān)于我無(wú)法親身體驗(yàn)的事情，而這一切都在我接觸了非洲書籍之后發(fā)生了改變。當(dāng)時(shí)非洲書并不多，而且他們也不像國(guó)外書籍那樣好找。不過(guò)因?yàn)?和!之類的作家，我思維中對(duì)于文學(xué)的概念，產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)的改變。我意識(shí)到像我這樣的人---有著巧克力般的膚色和永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法梳成馬尾辮的卷曲頭發(fā)的女孩們，也可以出現(xiàn)在文學(xué)作品中。

　　我開始撰寫我所熟知的事物，但這并不是說(shuō)我不喜愛那些美國(guó)和英國(guó)書籍，恰恰相反，那些書籍激發(fā)了我的想象力，為我開啟了新的世界。但隨之而來(lái)的后果就是，我不知道原來(lái)像我這樣的人，也是可以存在于文學(xué)作品中的，而與非洲作家的結(jié)緣，則是將我從對(duì)于書籍的單一故事中拯救了出來(lái)。

　　我來(lái)自一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的尼日利亞中產(chǎn)家庭，我的父親是一名教授，我的母親是一名大學(xué)管理員。因此我們和很多其他家庭一樣，都會(huì)從附近的村莊中雇傭一些幫手來(lái)打理家事。在我八歲那一年，我們家招來(lái)了一位新的男仆。他的名字叫做FIDE.我父親只告訴我們說(shuō)，他是來(lái)自一個(gè)非常窮苦的家庭，我母親會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)的將山芋、大米，還有我們穿舊的衣服送到他的家里。每當(dāng)我剩下晚飯的時(shí)候，我的母親就會(huì)說(shuō)：吃凈你的食物!難道你不知道嗎?像FIDE家這樣的人可是一無(wú)所有。因此我對(duì)他們家人充滿了憐憫。

　　后來(lái)的一個(gè)星期六，我們?nèi)IDE的村莊拜訪，他的母親向我們展示了一個(gè)精美別致的草籃----用FIDE的哥哥用染過(guò)色的酒椰葉編制的。我當(dāng)時(shí)完全被震驚了。我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想過(guò)FIDE的家人居然有親手制造東西的才能。在那之前，我對(duì)FIDE家唯一的了解就是他們是何等的窮困，正因?yàn)槿绱�，他們�(cè)谖夷X中的印象只是一個(gè)字------“窮”。他們的貧窮是我賜予他們的單一故事。

　　多年以后，在我離開尼日利亞前往美國(guó)讀大學(xué)的時(shí)候，我又想到了這件事。我那時(shí)19歲，我的美國(guó)室友當(dāng)時(shí)完全對(duì)我感到十分驚訝了。他問(wèn)我是從哪里學(xué)的講一口如此流利的英語(yǔ)，而當(dāng)我告知她尼日利亞剛巧是以英語(yǔ)作為官方語(yǔ)言的時(shí)候，她的臉上則是寫滿了茫然。她問(wèn)我是否可以給她聽聽她所謂的“部落音樂(lè)”，可想而知，當(dāng)我拿出瑪麗亞凱莉的磁帶時(shí)，她是何等的失望，她斷定我不知道如何使用電爐。

　　我猛然意識(shí)到“在他見到我之前，她就已經(jīng)對(duì)我充滿了憐憫之心。她對(duì)我這個(gè)非洲人的預(yù)設(shè)心態(tài)是一種充滿施恩與好意的憐憫之情。我那位室友的腦中有一個(gè)關(guān)于非洲的單一故事。一個(gè)充滿了災(zāi)難的單一故事。在這個(gè)單一的故事中，非洲人是完全沒(méi)有可能在任何方面和她有所相似的;沒(méi)有可能接收到比憐憫更復(fù)雜的感情;沒(méi)有可能以一個(gè)平等的人類的身份與她溝通。

　　我不得不強(qiáng)調(diào)，在我前往美國(guó)之前，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有有意識(shí)的把自己當(dāng)做個(gè)非洲人。但在美國(guó)的時(shí)候，每當(dāng)人們提到”非洲“時(shí)，大家都會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向我，雖然我對(duì)納米比亞之類的地方一無(wú)所知。但我漸漸的開始接受這個(gè)新的身份，現(xiàn)在很多時(shí)候我都是把自己當(dāng)做一個(gè)非洲人來(lái)看待。不過(guò)當(dāng)人們把非洲當(dāng)做一個(gè)國(guó)家來(lái)討論的時(shí)候，我還是覺得挺反感的。最近的一次例子就發(fā)生在兩天前，我從拉各斯搭乘航班，旅程原本相當(dāng)愉快，直到廣播里開始介紹在”印度、非洲以及其他國(guó)家”所進(jìn)行的慈善事業(yè)。

　　當(dāng)我以一名非洲人的身份在美國(guó)讀過(guò)幾年之后，我開始理解我那位室友當(dāng)時(shí)對(duì)我的反應(yīng)。如果我不是在尼日利亞長(zhǎng)大，如果我對(duì)非洲的一切認(rèn)識(shí)都是來(lái)自于大眾流行的影像，我相信我眼中的非洲也同樣是充滿了美麗的地貌、美麗的動(dòng)物，以及一群難以理解的人們進(jìn)行著毫無(wú)意義的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、死于艾滋和貧窮、無(wú)法為自己辯護(hù)，并且等待著一位慈悲的、白種的外國(guó)人的救贖，我看待非洲的方式將會(huì)和我兒時(shí)看待FIDE一家的方式是一樣的。

　　我認(rèn)為關(guān)于非洲的這個(gè)單一故事從根本上來(lái)自于西方的文學(xué)。這是來(lái)自倫敦商人John Locke的一段話。他在1561年的時(shí)候，曾游歷非洲西部，并且為他的航行做了翻很有趣的記錄。他先是把黑色的非洲人稱為“沒(méi)有房子的野獸”，隨后又寫道：“他們也是一群無(wú)頭腦的人，他們的嘴和眼睛都長(zhǎng)在了他們的胸口上。”

　　我每次讀到這一段的時(shí)候，都不禁大笑起來(lái)。他的想象力真的是讓人敬佩。但關(guān)于他的作品極其重要的一點(diǎn)是它昭示著西方社會(huì)講述非洲故事的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)，在這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)中，撒哈拉以南的非洲充滿了消極、差異以及黑暗，是偉大的詩(shī)人Rudyard Kipling筆下所形容的“半惡魔、半孩童”的奇異人種。

　　正因?yàn)槿绱�，我開始意識(shí)到我的那位美國(guó)室友一定在她的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，看到并且聽過(guò)關(guān)于這個(gè)單一故事的不同版本，就如同之前一位曾經(jīng)批判我的小說(shuō)缺乏“真實(shí)的非洲感”的教授一樣。話說(shuō)我倒是甘愿承認(rèn)我的小說(shuō)有幾處寫的不好的地方，有幾處敗筆，但我很難想象我的小說(shuō)既然會(huì)缺乏“真實(shí)的非洲感”。事實(shí)上，我甚至不知道真實(shí)的非洲感到底是個(gè)什么東西。那位教授跟我說(shuō)我書中的人物都和他太相近了，都是受過(guò)教育的中產(chǎn)人物。我的人物會(huì)開車，他們沒(méi)有受到饑餓的困擾。正因此，他們?nèi)狈α苏鎸?shí)的非洲感。

　　我在這里不得不指出，我本人也常常被單一的故事蒙蔽雙眼。幾年前，我從美國(guó)探訪墨西哥，當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)的政治氣候比較緊張。關(guān)于移民的辯論一直在進(jìn)行著。而在美國(guó)，“移民”和“墨西哥人”常常被當(dāng)做同義詞來(lái)使用。關(guān)于墨西哥人的故事是源源不絕，講的都是欺詐醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)、偷渡邊境、在邊境被捕之類的事情。

　　我還記得當(dāng)我到達(dá)瓜達(dá)拉哈拉的第一天，看著人們前往工作，在市集上吃著墨西哥卷、抽著煙、大笑著，我記得我剛看到這一切時(shí)是何等的驚訝，但隨后我的心中便充滿了羞恥感。我意識(shí)到我當(dāng)時(shí)完全被沉浸在媒體上關(guān)于墨西哥人的報(bào)道，以致于他們?cè)谖业哪X中幻化成一個(gè)單一的個(gè)體---卑賤的移民。我完全相信了關(guān)于墨西哥人的單一故事，對(duì)此我感到無(wú)比的羞愧。這就是創(chuàng)造單一故事的過(guò)程，將一群人一遍又一遍地呈現(xiàn)為一個(gè)事物，并且只是一個(gè)事物，時(shí)間久了，他們就變成了那個(gè)事物。

　　而說(shuō)到單一的故事，就自然而然地要講到權(quán)力這個(gè)問(wèn)題。每當(dāng)我想到這個(gè)世界的權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，我都會(huì)想起一個(gè)伊傅語(yǔ)中的單詞，叫做“nkali”,它是一個(gè)名詞，可以在大意上被翻譯成”比另一個(gè)人強(qiáng)大。”就如同我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治界一樣，我們所講的故事也是建立在它的原則上的。這些故事是怎樣被講述的、由誰(shuí)來(lái)講述、何時(shí)被講述、有多少故事被講述，這一切都取決于權(quán)力。

ted演講篇7

　　one day in 1819, 3,000 miles off the coast of chile, in one of the mostremote regions of the pacific ocean, 20 american sailors watched their shipflood with seawater.

　　1819年的某一天，在距離智利海岸3000英里的地方，有一個(gè)太平洋上的最偏遠(yuǎn)的水域， 20名美國(guó)船員目睹了他們的船只進(jìn)水的場(chǎng)面。

　　they'd been struck by a sperm whale, which had ripped a catastrophic holein the ship's hull. as their ship began to sink beneath the swells, the menhuddled together in three small whaleboats.

　　他們和一頭抹香鯨相撞，給船體撞了一個(gè)毀滅性的大洞。當(dāng)船在巨浪中開始沉沒(méi)時(shí)，人們?cè)谌龡l救生小艇中抱作一團(tuán)。

　　these men were 10,000 miles from home, more than 1,000 miles from thenearest scrap of land. in their small boats, they carried only rudimentarynavigational equipment and limited supplies of food and water.

　　這些人在離家10000萬(wàn)英里的地方，離最近的陸地也超過(guò)1000英里。在他們的小艇中，他們只帶了落后的導(dǎo)航設(shè)備和有限的食物和飲水。

　　these were the men of the whaleship esse_, whose story would later inspireparts of "moby dick."

　　他們就是捕鯨船esse_上的人們，后來(lái)的他們的故事成為《白鯨記》的一部分。

　　even in today's world, their situation would be really dire, but thinkabout how much worse it would have been then.

　　即使在當(dāng)今的世界，碰上這種情況也夠杯具的，更不用說(shuō)在當(dāng)時(shí)的情況有多糟糕。

　　no one on land had any idea that anything had gone wrong. no search partywas coming to look for these men. so most of us have never e_perienced asituation as frightening as the one in which these sailors found themselves, butwe all know what it's like to be afraid.

　　岸上的人根本就還沒(méi)意識(shí)到出了什么問(wèn)題。沒(méi)有任何人來(lái)搜尋他們。我們當(dāng)中大部分人沒(méi)有經(jīng)歷過(guò) 這些船員所處的可怕情景，但我們都知道害怕是什么感覺。

　　we know how fear feels, but i'm not sure we spend enough time thinkingabout what our fears mean.

　　我們知道恐懼的感覺，但是我不能肯定我們會(huì)花很多時(shí)間想過(guò) 我們的恐懼到底意味著什么。

　　as we grow up, we're often encouraged to think of fear as a weakness, justanother childish thing to discard like baby teeth or roller skates.

　　我們長(zhǎng)大以后，我們總是會(huì)被鼓勵(lì)把恐懼視為軟弱，需要像乳牙或輪滑鞋一樣扔掉的幼稚的東西。

　　and i think it's no accident that we think this way. neuroscientists haveactually shown that human beings are hard-wired to be optimists.

　　我想意外事故并非我們所想的那樣。神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家已經(jīng)知道人類生來(lái)就是樂(lè)觀主義者。

　　so maybe that's why we think of fear, sometimes, as a danger in and ofitself. "don't worry," we like to say to one another. "don't panic." in english,fear is something we conquer. it's something we fight.

　　這也許就是為什么我們認(rèn)為有時(shí)候恐懼，本身就是一種危險(xiǎn)或帶來(lái)危險(xiǎn)。 “不要愁�！蔽覀兛偸菍�(duì)別人說(shuō)�！安灰拧�。英語(yǔ)中，恐懼是我們需要征服的東西。是我們必須對(duì)抗的東西，是我們必須克服的東西。

　　it's something we overcome. but what if we looked at fear in a fresh way?what if we thought of fear as an amazing act of the imagination, something thatcan be as profound and insightful as storytelling itself?

　　但是我們?nèi)绻麚Q個(gè)視角看恐懼會(huì)如何呢? 如果我們把恐懼當(dāng)做是想象力的一個(gè)驚人成果，是和我們講故事一樣精妙而有見地的東西，又會(huì)如何呢?

　　it's easiest to see this link between fear and the imagination in youngchildren, whose fears are often e_traordinarily vivid.

　　在小孩子當(dāng)中，我們最容易看到恐懼與想象之間的聯(lián)系，他們的恐懼經(jīng)常是超級(jí)生動(dòng)的。

　　when i was a child, i lived in california, which is, you know, mostly avery nice place to live, but for me as a child, california could also be alittle scary.

　　我小時(shí)候住在加利福尼亞，你們都知道，是非常適合居住的位置，但是對(duì)一個(gè)小孩來(lái)說(shuō)，加利福尼亞也會(huì)有點(diǎn)嚇人。

　　i remember how frightening it was to see the chandelier that hung above ourdining table swing back and forth during every minor earthquake, and i sometimescouldn't sleep at night, terrified that the big one might strike while we weresleeping.

　　我記得每次小地震的時(shí)候當(dāng)我看到我們餐桌上的吊燈晃來(lái)晃去的時(shí)候是多么的嚇人，我經(jīng)常會(huì)徹夜難眠，擔(dān)心大地震會(huì)在我們睡覺的時(shí)候突然襲來(lái)。

　　and what we say about kids who have fears like that is that they have avivid imagination. but at a certain point, most of us learn to leave these kindsof visions behind and grow up.

　　我們說(shuō)小孩子感受到這種恐懼是因?yàn)樗麄冇猩鷦?dòng)的想象力。但是在某個(gè)時(shí)候，我們大多數(shù)學(xué)會(huì)了拋棄這種想法而變得成熟。

　　we learn that there are no monsters hiding under the bed, and not everyearthquake brings buildings down. but maybe it's no coincidence that some of ourmost creative minds fail to leave these kinds of fears behind as adults.

　　我們都知道床下沒(méi)有魔鬼，也不是每個(gè)地震都會(huì)震垮房子。但是我們當(dāng)中最有想象力的人們并沒(méi)有因?yàn)槌赡甓鴴仐夁@種恐懼，這也許并不是巧合。

　　the same incredible imaginations that produced "the origin of species,""jane eyre" and "the remembrance of things past," also generated intense worriesthat haunted the adult lives of charles darwin, charlotte bront and marcelproust. so the question is, what can the rest of us learn about fear fromvisionaries and young children?

　　同樣不可思議的想象力創(chuàng)造了《物種起源》，《簡(jiǎn)·愛》和《追憶似水年華》，也就是這種與生俱來(lái)的深深的擔(dān)憂一直纏繞著成年的查爾斯·達(dá)爾文，夏洛特·勃朗特和馬塞爾·普羅斯特。問(wèn)題就來(lái)了，我們其他人如何能從這些夢(mèng)想家和小孩子身上學(xué)會(huì)恐懼?

　　well let's return to the year 1819 for a moment, to the situation facingthe crew of the whaleship esse_. let's take a look at the fears that theirimaginations were generating as they drifted in the middle of the pacific.

　　讓我們暫時(shí)回到1819年，回到esse_捕鯨船的水手們面對(duì)的情況。讓我們看看他們漂流在太平洋中央時(shí) 他們的想象力給他們帶來(lái)的恐懼感覺。

　　twenty-four hours had now passed since the capsizing of the ship. the timehad come for the men to make a plan, but they had very few options.

　　船傾覆后已經(jīng)過(guò)了24個(gè)小時(shí)。這時(shí)人們制定了一個(gè)計(jì)劃，但是其實(shí)他們沒(méi)什么太多的選擇。

　　in his fascinating account of the disaster, nathaniel philbrick wrote thatthese men were just about as far from land as it was possible to be anywhere onearth.

　　在納撒尼爾·菲爾布里克(nathaniel philbrick)描述這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難的動(dòng)人文章中，他寫到“這些人離陸地如此之遠(yuǎn)，似乎永遠(yuǎn)都不可能到達(dá)地球上的任何一塊陸地。”

　　the men knew that the nearest islands they could reach were the marquesasislands, 1,200 miles away. but they'd heard some frightening rumors.

　　這些人知道離他們最近的島是1200英里以外的馬克薩斯群島(marquesas islands)。但是他們聽到了讓人恐怖的謠言。

　　they'd been told that these islands, and several others nearby, werepopulated by cannibals. so the men pictured coming ashore only to be murderedand eaten for dinner. another possible destination was hawaii, but given theseason, the captain was afraid they'd be struck by severe storms.

　　他們聽說(shuō)這些群島，以及附近的一些島嶼上都住著食人族。所以他們腦中都是上岸以后就會(huì)被殺掉被人當(dāng)做盤中餐的畫面。另一個(gè)可行的目的地是夏威夷，但是船長(zhǎng)擔(dān)心他們會(huì)被困在風(fēng)暴當(dāng)中。

　　now the last option was the longest, and the most difficult: to sail 1,500miles due south in hopes of reaching a certain band of winds that couldeventually push them toward the coast of south america.

　　所以最后的選擇是到最遠(yuǎn)，也是最艱險(xiǎn)的地方：往南走1500英里希望某股風(fēng) 能最終把他們吹到南美洲的海岸。

　　but they knew that the sheer length of this journey would stretch theirsupplies of food and water. to be eaten by cannibals, to be battered by storms,to starve to death before reaching land.

　　但是他們知道這個(gè)行程中一旦偏航將會(huì)耗盡他們食物和飲水的供給。被食人族吃掉，被風(fēng)暴掀翻，在登陸前餓死。

　　these were the fears that danced in the imaginations of these poor men, andas it turned out, the fear they chose to listen to would govern whether theylived or died.

　　這就是縈繞在這群可憐的人想象中的恐懼，事實(shí)證明，他們選擇聽從的恐懼將決定他們的生死。

　　now we might just as easily call these fears by a different name. what ifinstead of calling them fears, we called them stories?

　　也許我們可以很容易的用別的名稱來(lái)稱呼這些恐懼。我們不稱之為恐懼，而是稱它們?yōu)楣适氯绾?

　　because that's really what fear is, if you think about it. it's a kind ofunintentional storytelling that we are all born knowing how to do. and fears andstorytelling have the same components.

　　如果你仔細(xì)想想，這是恐懼真正的意義。這是一種與生俱來(lái)的，無(wú)意識(shí)的講故事的能力。恐懼和講故事有著同樣的構(gòu)成。

　　they have the same architecture. like all stories, fears have characters.in our fears, the characters are us. fears also have plots. they have beginningsand middles and ends. you board the plane.

　　他們有同樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。如同所有的故事，恐懼中有角色。在恐懼中，角色就是我們自己。恐懼也有情節(jié)。他們有開頭，有中間，有結(jié)尾。你登上飛機(jī)。

　　the plane takes off. the engine fails. our fears also tend to containimagery that can be every bit as vivid as what you might find in the pages of anovel. picture a cannibal, human teeth sinking into human skin, human fleshroasting over a fire.

　　飛機(jī)起飛。結(jié)果引擎故障。我們的恐懼會(huì)包括各種生動(dòng)的想象，不比你看到的任何一個(gè)小說(shuō)遜色。想象食人族，人類牙齒咬在人類皮膚上，人肉在火上烤。

　　fears also have suspense. if i've done my job as a storyteller today, youshould be wondering what happened to the men of the whaleship esse_. our fearsprovoke in us a very similar form of suspense.

　　恐懼中也有懸念。如果我今天像講故事一樣，留個(gè)懸念不說(shuō)了，你們也許會(huì)很想知道 esse_捕鯨船上，人們到底怎么樣了。我們的恐懼用懸念一樣的方式刺激我們。

　　just like all great stories, our fears focus our attention on a questionthat is as important in life as it is in literature: what will happen ne_t?

　　就像一個(gè)很好的故事，我們的恐懼也如同一部好的文學(xué)作品一樣，將我們的注意力集中在對(duì)我們生命至關(guān)重要的問(wèn)題上：后來(lái)發(fā)生了什么?

　　in other words, our fears make us think about the future. and humans, bythe way, are the only creatures capable of thinking about the future in thisway, of projecting ourselves forward in time, and this mental time travel isjust one more thing that fears have in common with storytelling.

　　換而言之，我們的恐懼讓我們想到未來(lái)。另外，人來(lái)是唯一有能力通過(guò)這種方式想到未來(lái)的生物，就是預(yù)測(cè)時(shí)間推移后我們的狀況，這種精神上的時(shí)間旅行是恐懼與講故事的另一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)。

　　as a writer, i can tell you that a big part of writing fiction is learningto predict how one event in a story will affect all the other events, and fearworks in that same way.

　　我是一個(gè)作家，我要告訴你們寫小說(shuō)一個(gè)很重要的部分就是學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)故事中一件事情如何影響另一件事情，恐懼也是同樣這么做的。

　　in fear, just like in fiction, one thing always leads to another. when iwas writing my first novel, "the age of miracles," i spent months trying tofigure out what would happen if the rotation of the earth suddenly began to slowdown. what would happen to our days?

　　恐懼中，如同小說(shuō)一樣，一件事情總是導(dǎo)致另一件事情。我寫我的第一部小說(shuō)《奇跡時(shí)代》的時(shí)候，我花了數(shù)月的時(shí)間想象如果地球旋轉(zhuǎn)突然變慢了之后會(huì)發(fā)生什么。我們的一天變得如何?

　　what would happen to our crops? what would happen to our minds? and then itwas only later that i realized how very similar these questions were to the onesi used to ask myself as a child frightened in the night.

　　我們身體會(huì)怎樣? 我們的思想會(huì)有什么變化? 也就是在那之后，我意識(shí)到我過(guò)去總是問(wèn)自己的那些些問(wèn)題和孩子們?cè)谝估锖ε率嵌嗝吹南嘞瘛?/p>

　　if an earthquake strikes tonight, i used to worry, what will happen to ourhouse? what will happen to my family? and the answer to those questions alwaystook the form of a story.

　　要是在過(guò)去，如果今晚發(fā)生地震，我會(huì)很擔(dān)心，我的房子會(huì)怎么樣啊?家里人會(huì)怎樣啊? 這類問(wèn)題的答案通常都會(huì)和故事一樣。

　　so if we think of our fears as more than just fears but as stories, weshould think of ourselves as the authors of those stories. but just asimportantly, we need to think of ourselves as the readers of our fears, and howwe choose to read our fears can have a profound effect on our lives.

　　所以我們認(rèn)為我們的恐懼不僅僅是恐懼還是故事，我們應(yīng)該把自己當(dāng)作這些故事的作者。但是同樣重要的是，我們需要想象我們自己是我們恐懼的解讀者，我們選擇如何去解讀這些恐懼會(huì)對(duì)我們的生活產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。

　　now, some of us naturally read our fears more closely than others. i readabout a study recently of successful entrepreneurs, and the author found thatthese people shared a habit that he called "productive paranoia," which meantthat these people, instead of dismissing their fears, these people read themclosely, they studied them, and then they translated that fear into preparationand action.

　　現(xiàn)在，我們中有些人比其他人更自然的解讀自己的恐懼。最近我看過(guò)一個(gè)關(guān)于成功的企業(yè)家的研究，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)這些人都有個(gè)習(xí)慣叫做“未雨綢繆“，意思是，這些人，不回避自己的恐懼，而是認(rèn)真解讀并研究恐懼，然后把恐懼轉(zhuǎn)換成準(zhǔn)備和行動(dòng)。

　　so that way, if their worst fears came true, their businesses wereready.

　　這樣，如果最壞的事情發(fā)生了，他們的企業(yè)也有所準(zhǔn)備。

　　and sometimes, of course, our worst fears do come true. that's one of thethings that is so e_traordinary about fear. once in a while, our fears canpredict the future.

　　當(dāng)然，很多時(shí)候，最壞的事情確實(shí)發(fā)生了。這是恐懼非凡的一面。曾幾何時(shí)，我們的恐懼預(yù)測(cè)將來(lái)。

　　but we can't possibly prepare for all of the fears that our imaginationsconcoct. so how can we tell the difference between the fears worth listening toand all the others? i think the end of the story of the whaleship esse_ offersan illuminating, if tragic, e_ample.

　　但是我們不可能為我們想象力構(gòu)建的所有恐懼來(lái)做準(zhǔn)備。所以，如何區(qū)分值得聽從的恐懼和不值得的呢? 我想捕鯨船esse_的故事結(jié)局提供了一個(gè)有啟發(fā)性，同時(shí)又悲慘的例子。

　　after much deliberation, the men finally made a decision. terrified ofcannibals, they decided to forgo the closest islands and instead embarked on thelonger and much more difficult route to south america.

　　經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)次權(quán)衡，他們最終做出了決定。由于害怕食人族，他們決定放棄最近的群島而是開始更長(zhǎng) 更艱難的南美洲之旅。

　　after more than two months at sea, the men ran out of food as they knewthey might, and they were still quite far from land. when the last of thesurvivors were finally picked up by two passing ships, less than half of the menwere left alive, and some of them had resorted to their own form ofcannibalism.

　　在海上呆了兩個(gè)多月后，他們的食物如預(yù)料之中消耗殆盡，而且他們?nèi)匀浑x陸地那么遠(yuǎn)。當(dāng)最后的幸存者最終被過(guò)往船只救起時(shí)，只有一小半的人還活著，實(shí)際上他們中的一些人自己變成了食人族。

　　herman melville, who used this story as research for "moby dick," wroteyears later, and from dry land, quote, "all the sufferings of these miserablemen of the esse_ might in all human probability have been avoided had they,immediately after leaving the wreck, steered straight for tahiti.

　　赫爾曼·梅爾維爾(herman melville)將這個(gè)故事作為《白鯨記》的素材，在數(shù)年后寫到： esse_船上遇難者的悲慘結(jié)局或許是可以通過(guò)人為的努力避免的，如果他們當(dāng)機(jī)立斷地離開沉船，直奔塔西提群島。

　　but," as melville put it, "they dreaded cannibals." so the question is, whydid these men dread cannibals so much more than the e_treme likelihood ofstarvation?

　　“但是”，梅爾維爾說(shuō)道：“他們害怕食人族” 問(wèn)題是，為什么這些人對(duì)于食人族的恐懼超過(guò)了更有可能的饑餓威脅呢?

　　why were they swayed by one story so much more than the other? looked atfrom this angle, theirs becomes a story about reading. the novelist vladimirnabokov said that the best reader has a combination of two very differenttemperaments, the artistic and the scientific.

　　為什么他們會(huì)被一個(gè)故事影響如此之大呢? 從另一個(gè)角度來(lái)看，這是一個(gè)關(guān)于解讀的故事。小說(shuō)家弗拉基米爾·納博科夫(vladimirnabokov)說(shuō) 最好的讀者能把兩種截然不同的性格結(jié)合起來(lái)，一個(gè)是藝術(shù)氣質(zhì)，一個(gè)是科學(xué)精神。

　　a good reader has an artist's passion, a willingness to get caught up inthe story, but just as importantly, the readers also needs the coolness ofjudgment of a scientist, which acts to temper and complicate the reader'sintuitive reactions to the story. as we've seen, the men of the esse_ had notrouble with the artistic part.

　　好的讀者有藝術(shù)家的熱情，愿意融入故事當(dāng)中，但是同樣重要的是，這些讀者還要有科學(xué)家的冷靜判斷，這能幫助他們穩(wěn)定情緒并分析其對(duì)故事的直覺反應(yīng)。我們可以看出來(lái)，esse_上的人在藝術(shù)部分一點(diǎn)問(wèn)題都沒(méi)有。

　　they dreamed up a variety of horrifying scenarios. the problem was thatthey listened to the wrong story. of all the narratives their fears wrote, theyresponded only to the most lurid, the most vivid, the one that was easiest fortheir imaginations to picture: cannibals.

　　他們夢(mèng)想到一系列恐怖的場(chǎng)景。問(wèn)題在于他們聽從了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的故事。所有他們恐懼中他們只對(duì)其中最聳人聽聞，最生動(dòng)的故事，也是他們想象中最早出現(xiàn)的場(chǎng)景：食人族。

　　but perhaps if they'd been able to read their fears more like a scientist,with more coolness of judgment, they would have listened instead to the lessviolent but the more likely tale, the story of starvation, and headed fortahiti, just as melville's sad commentary suggests.

　　也許，如果他們能像科學(xué)家那樣稍微冷靜一點(diǎn)解讀這個(gè)故事，如果他們能聽從不太驚悚但是更可能發(fā)生的半路餓死的故事，他們可能就會(huì)直奔塔西提群島，如梅爾維爾充滿惋惜的評(píng)論所建議的那樣。

　　and maybe if we all tried to read our fears, we too would be less oftenswayed by the most salacious among them.

　　也許如果我們都試著解讀自己的恐懼，我們就能少被其中的一些幻象所迷惑。

　　maybe then we'd spend less time worrying about serial killers and planecrashes, and more time concerned with the subtler and slower disasters we face:the silent buildup of plaque in our arteries, the gradual changes in ourclimate.

　　我們也就能少花一點(diǎn)時(shí)間在為系列殺手或者飛機(jī)失事方面的擔(dān)憂，而是更多的關(guān)心那些悄然而至的災(zāi)難：動(dòng)脈血小板的逐漸堆積，氣候的逐漸變遷。

　　just as the most nuanced stories in literature are often the richest, sotoo might our subtlest fears be the truest. read in the right way, our fears arean amazing gift of the imagination, a kind of everyday clairvoyance, a way ofglimpsing what might be the future when there's still time to influence how thatfuture will play out.

　　如同文學(xué)中最精妙的故事通常是最豐富的故事，我們最細(xì)微的恐懼才是最真實(shí)的恐懼。用正確的方法的解讀，我們的恐懼就是我們想象力賜給我們的禮物，借此一雙慧眼，讓我們能管窺未來(lái) 甚至影響未來(lái)。

　　properly read, our fears can offer us something as precious as our favoriteworks of literature: a little wisdom, a bit of insight and a version of thatmost elusive thing -- the truth. thank you.

　　如果能得到正確的解讀，我們的恐懼能和我們最喜歡的文學(xué)作品一樣給我們珍貴的東西：一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)智慧，一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)洞悉以及對(duì)最玄妙東西—— 真相的詮釋。謝謝。

　　(applause)

　　(掌聲)

ted演講篇8

　　The night before I was heading for Scotland, I was invited to host the fina of "China's Got Talent" show in Shanghai with the 80,000 live audience in the stadium. Guewho was the performing guest? Susan Boyle. And I told her, "I'm going to Scotland the next day." She sang beautifully, and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese. [Chinese] So it's not like "hello" or "thank you," that ordinary stuff. It means "green onion for free." Why did she say that? Because it was a line from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle -- a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in Shanghai, who loves singing Western opera, but she didn't understand any English or French or Italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable names in Chinese. (Laughter) And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma that she was singing in the stadium was "green onion for free." So [as] Susan Boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audience sang together. That was hilarious.

　　來(lái)蘇格蘭(做TED講演)的前夜，我被邀請(qǐng)去上海做”中國(guó)達(dá)人秀“決賽的評(píng)委。在裝有八萬(wàn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀眾的演播廳里，在臺(tái)上的表演嘉賓居然是(來(lái)自蘇格蘭的，因參加英國(guó)達(dá)人秀走紅的)蘇珊大媽(Susan Boyle)。我告訴她，“我明天就要啟程去蘇格蘭。” 她唱得很動(dòng)聽，還對(duì)觀眾說(shuō)了幾句中文，她并沒(méi)有說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)單的”你好“或者”謝謝“，她說(shuō)的是——“送你蔥”(Song Ni Cong)。為什么?這句話其實(shí)來(lái)源于中國(guó)版的“蘇珊大媽”——一位五十歲的以賣菜為生，卻對(duì)西方歌劇有出奇愛好的上海中年婦女(蔡洪平)。這位中國(guó)的蘇珊大媽并不懂英文，法語(yǔ)或意大利文，所以她將歌劇中的詞匯都換做中文中的蔬菜名，并且演唱出來(lái)。在她口中，歌劇《圖蘭朵》的最后一句便是“Song Ni Cong”。當(dāng)真正的英國(guó)蘇珊大媽唱出這一句“中文的”《圖蘭朵》時(shí)，全場(chǎng)的八萬(wàn)觀眾也一起高聲歌唱，場(chǎng)面的確有些滑稽(hilarious)。

　　So I gueboth Susan Boyle and this vegetable vendor in Shanghai belonged to otherness. They were the least expected to be successful in the businecalled entertainment, yet their courage and talent brought them through. And a show and a platform gave them the stage to realize their dreams. Well, being different is not that difficult. We are all different from different perspectives. But I think being different is good, because you present a different point of view. You may have the chance to make a difference.

　　我想Susan Boyle和這位上海的買菜農(nóng)婦的確屬于人群中的少數(shù)。她們是最不可能在演藝界成功的，而她們的勇氣和才華讓她們成功了，這個(gè)節(jié)目和舞臺(tái)給予了她們一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人夢(mèng)想的機(jī)會(huì)。這樣看來(lái)，與眾不同好像沒(méi)有那么難。從不同的方面審視，我們每個(gè)人都是不同的。但是我想，與眾不同是一件好事，因?yàn)槟愦砹瞬灰粯拥挠^點(diǎn)，你擁有了做改變的機(jī)會(huì)。

　　My generation has been very fortunate to witneand participate in the historic transformation of China that has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years. I remember that in the year of 1990, when I was graduating from college, I was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in Beijing, Great Wall Sheraton -- it's still there. So after being interrogated by this Japanese manager for a half an hour, he finally said, "So, MiYang, do you have any questions to ask me?" I summoned my courage and poise and said, "Yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell?" I didn't have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel. That was the first day I set my foot in a five-star hotel.

　　我這一代中國(guó)人很幸運(yùn)的目睹并且參與了中國(guó)在過(guò)去二三十年中經(jīng)歷的巨變。我記得1990年，當(dāng)我剛大學(xué)畢業(yè)時(shí)，我申請(qǐng)了當(dāng)時(shí)北京的第一家五星級(jí)酒店——長(zhǎng)城喜來(lái)登酒店的銷售部門的工作。這家酒店現(xiàn)在仍在北京。當(dāng)我被一位日本籍經(jīng)理面試了一個(gè)半小時(shí)之后，他問(wèn)到，“楊小姐，你有什么想問(wèn)我的嗎?”，我屏住呼吸，問(wèn)道“是的，你能告訴我，具體我需要銷售些什么嗎?” 當(dāng)時(shí)的我，對(duì)五星級(jí)酒店的銷售部門沒(méi)有任何概念，事實(shí)上，那是我第一次進(jìn)到一家五星級(jí)酒店。

　　Around the same time, I was going through an audition -- the first ever open audition by national television in China -- with another thousand college girls. The producer told us they were looking for some sweet, innocent and beautiful fresh face. So when it was my turn, I stood up and said, "Why [do] women's personalities on television always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent and, you know, supportive? Why can't they have their own ideas and their own voice?" I thought I kind of offended them. But actually, they were impressed by my words. And so I was in the second round of competition, and then the third and the fourth. After seven rounds of competition, I was the last one to survive it. So I was on a national television prime-time show. And believe it or not, that was the first show on Chinese television that allowed its hosts to speak out of their own minds without reading an approved script. (Applause) And my weekly audience at that time was between 200 to 300 million people.

　　我當(dāng)時(shí)也在參加另一嘲面試”，中國(guó)國(guó)家電視臺(tái)的首次公開試鏡，與我一起參與選拔的還有另外1000名大學(xué)女畢業(yè)生。節(jié)目制作人說(shuō)，他們希望找到一位甜美，無(wú)辜(LOL)，漂亮的新鮮面孔。輪到我的時(shí)候，我問(wèn)道“為什么在電視屏幕上，女性總應(yīng)該表現(xiàn)出甜美漂亮，甚至是服從性的一面?為什么她們不能有她們自己的想法和聲音?“我覺得我的問(wèn)題甚至有點(diǎn)冒犯到了他。但實(shí)際上，他們對(duì)我的表現(xiàn)印象深刻。我進(jìn)入了第二輪選拔，第三輪，第四輪，直至最后的第七場(chǎng)選拔，我是唯一一個(gè)走到最后的試鏡者。我從此走上了國(guó)家電視臺(tái)黃金時(shí)段的熒幕。你可能不相信，但在當(dāng)時(shí)，我所主持的電視節(jié)目是中國(guó)第一個(gè)，不讓主持人念已經(jīng)審核過(guò)的稿件的節(jié)目(掌聲)。我每周需要面對(duì)兩億到三億左右的電視觀眾。

　　Well after a few years, I decided to go to the U.S. and Columbia University to pursue my postgraduate studies, and then started my own media company, which was unthought of during the years that I started my career. So we do a lot of things. I've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past. And sometimes I have young people approaching me say, "Lan, you changed my life," and I feel proud of that. But then we are also so fortunate to witnethe transformation of the whole country. I was in Beijing's bidding for the Olympic Games. I was representing the Shanghai Expo. I saw China embracing the world and vice versa. But then sometimes I'm thinking, what are today's young generation up to? How are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of China, or at large, the world?

　　幾年以后，我決定來(lái)美國(guó)哥倫比亞大學(xué)繼續(xù)深造，之后也開始運(yùn)營(yíng)自己的媒體公司，這也是我在職業(yè)生涯初始時(shí)所沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的。我的公司做很多不同的業(yè)務(wù)，在過(guò)去這些年里，我訪談過(guò)一千多人。經(jīng)常有年輕人對(duì)我說(shuō)，“楊瀾，你改變了我的人生”，我對(duì)此感到非常自豪。我也幸運(yùn)的目睹了整個(gè)國(guó)家的轉(zhuǎn)變：我參與了北京申奧和上海世博會(huì)。我看到中國(guó)在擁抱這個(gè)世界，而世界也進(jìn)一步的接受中國(guó)。但有時(shí)我也在想，今天的年輕人的生活是什么樣的?他們(與我們相比)有什么不同?他們將帶給中國(guó)，甚至整個(gè)世界的未來(lái)一些怎樣的變化?

　　So today I want to talk about young people through the platform of social media. First of all, who are they? [What] do they look like? Well this is a girl called Guo Meimei -- 20 years old, beautiful. She showed off her expensive bags, clothes and car on her microblog, which is the Chinese version of Twitter. And she claimed to be the general manager of Red Croat the Chamber of Commerce. She didn't realize that she stepped on a sensitive nerve and aroused national questioning, almost a turmoil, against the credibility of Red Cross. The controversy was so heated that the Red Crohad to open a preconference to clarify it, and the investigation is going on.

　　So far, as of today, we know that she herself made up that title -- probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity. All those expensive items were given to her as gifts by her boyfriend, who used to be a board member in a subdivision of Red Croat Chamber of Commerce. It's very complicated to explain. But anyway, the public still doesn't buy it. It is still boiling. It shows us a general mistrust of government or government-backed institutions, which lacked transparency in the past. And also it showed us the power and the impact of social media as microblog.

　　我想通過(guò)社交媒體來(lái)談一談中國(guó)的年輕人們。首先，他們是誰(shuí)，他們是什么樣子?這是一位叫郭美美的女孩兒，20歲，年輕漂亮。她在中國(guó)版的Twitter上——新浪微博上，炫耀她所擁有的奢侈品，衣服，包和車。她甚至宣稱她是中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)的工作人員。她沒(méi)有意識(shí)到她的行為觸及了中國(guó)民眾極為敏感的神經(jīng)，這引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)全民大討論，民眾開始質(zhì)疑紅十字會(huì)的公信力。中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)為了平息這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)議甚至舉辦了一場(chǎng)記者會(huì)來(lái)澄清，直至今日，對(duì)于”郭美美事件“的調(diào)查仍在繼續(xù)，但我們所知道的事實(shí)是，她謊報(bào)了她的頭銜，可能是因?yàn)樗奶摌s心，希望把自己和慈善機(jī)構(gòu)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。所有那些奢侈品都是她的男朋友給她買的，而那位”男朋友“的確曾經(jīng)是紅十字會(huì)的工作人員。這解釋起來(lái)很復(fù)雜，總之，公眾對(duì)他們的解釋仍然不滿意，這仍然是在風(fēng)口浪尖的一件事。這件事體現(xiàn)出(中國(guó)社會(huì))對(duì)長(zhǎng)期不透明的政府機(jī)關(guān)的不信任，同時(shí)也表現(xiàn)出社交媒體(微博)巨大的社會(huì)影響力。

　　Microblog boomed in the year of 20xx, with visitors doubled and time spent on it tripled. S, a major news portal, alone has more than 140 million microbloggers. On Tencent, 200 million. The most popular blogger -- it's not me -- it's a movie star, and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans. About 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people, under 30 years old. And because, as you know, the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government, social media offers an opening to let the steam out a little bit. But because you don't have many other openings, the heat coming out of this opening is sometimes very strong, active and even violent.

　　微博在20xx年得到了爆炸性的增長(zhǎng)，微博的訪問(wèn)用戶增長(zhǎng)了一倍，用戶的訪問(wèn)時(shí)間是20xx年的三倍。新浪(S)，一個(gè)最主要的微博平臺(tái)，擁有1.4億的微博用戶，而騰訊擁有兩億用戶。(在中國(guó))最有名的微博主——不是我——是一位電影明星，她擁有近九百五十萬(wàn)”粉絲“。接近80%的微博用戶是年輕人，三十歲以下。因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)媒體還在政府的強(qiáng)力控制之下，社交媒體提供了一個(gè)開放的平臺(tái)進(jìn)行了一些(民眾觀點(diǎn)的)分流。因?yàn)檫@樣分流的渠道并不多，從這個(gè)平臺(tái)上爆發(fā)出的能量往往非常強(qiáng)烈，有時(shí)候甚至過(guò)于強(qiáng)烈。

　　So through microblogging, we are able to understand Chinese youth even better. So how are they different? First of all, most of them were born in the 80s and 90s, under the one-child policy. And because of selected abortion by families who favored boys to girls, now we have ended up with 30 million more young men than women. That could pose a potential danger to the society, but who knows; we're in a globalized world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries. Most of them have fairly good education. The illiteracy rate in China among this generation is under one percent. In cities, 80 percent of kids go to college. But they are facing an aging China with a population above 65 years old coming up with seven-point-some percent this year, and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2030. And you know we have the tradition that younger generations support the elders financially, and taking care of them when they're sick. So it means young couples will have to support four parents who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.

　　通過(guò)微博，我們可以更好的了解到中國(guó)的年輕一代。首先，他們中的大多數(shù)都出生在八零九零年代，在獨(dú)生子女的生育政策的大背景下長(zhǎng)大。因?yàn)槠媚泻⒌募彝?huì)選擇性的墮胎，現(xiàn)在(中國(guó))的年輕男性的數(shù)量多過(guò)年輕女性三千萬(wàn)，這可能帶來(lái)社會(huì)的不穩(wěn)定(危險(xiǎn))，但是我們知道，在這個(gè)全球化的社會(huì)中，他們可能可以去其他國(guó)家找女朋友。大多數(shù)人都擁有良好的教育。這一代中國(guó)人中的文盲率已經(jīng)低于1%。在城市中，80%的孩子可以上大學(xué)，但他們將要面對(duì)的是一個(gè)，有接近7%的人口都是老年人的社會(huì)，這個(gè)數(shù)字會(huì)在2030年會(huì)增長(zhǎng)到15%。在這個(gè)國(guó)家，傳統(tǒng)是讓年輕人來(lái)從經(jīng)濟(jì)上和醫(yī)療上來(lái)支持老年人，這意味著，一對(duì)年輕的夫妻將需要支持四個(gè)平均年齡是73歲的老人。

　　So ma-ki-ng a living is not that easy for young people. College graduates are not in short supply. In urban areas, college graduates find the starting salary is about 400 U.S. dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500. So what do they do? They have to share space -- squeezed in very limited space to save money -- and they call themselves "tribe of ants." And for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment. That ratio in America would only cost a couple five years to earn, but in China it's 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing real estate price.

　　所以對(duì)于年輕人而言，生活并不是容易。本科畢業(yè)生也不在是緊缺資源。在城市中，本科生的月起薪通常是400美元(2500人民幣)，而公寓的平均月租金卻是500美元。所以他們的解決方式是合租——擠在有限的空間中以節(jié)省開支，他們叫自己”蟻?zhàn)濉?ldquo; 對(duì)于那些準(zhǔn)備好結(jié)婚并希望購(gòu)買一套公寓的中國(guó)年輕夫婦而言，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們必須要不間斷的工作30到40年才可以負(fù)擔(dān)得起一套公寓。對(duì)于同樣的美國(guó)年輕夫婦而言，他們只需要五年時(shí)間。

　　Among the 200 million migrant workers, 60 percent of them are young people. They find themselves sort of sandwiched between the urban areas and the rural areas. Most of them don't want to go back to the countryside, but they don't have the sense of belonging. They work for longer hours with leincome, lesocial welfare. And they're more vulnerable to job losses, subject to inflation, tightening loans from banks, appreciation of the renminbi, or decline of demand from Europe or America for the products they produce. Last year, though, an appalling incident in a southern OEM manufacturing compound in China: 13 young workers in their late teens and early 20s committed suicide, just one by one like causing a contagious disease. But they died because of all different personal reasons. But this whole incident aroused a huge outcry from society about the isolation, both physical and mental, of these migrant workers.

　　在近兩億的涌入城市的農(nóng)民工中，他們中的60%都是年輕人。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被夾在了城市和農(nóng)村中，大多數(shù)人不愿意回到農(nóng)村，但他們?cè)诔鞘幸舱也坏綒w屬感。他們工作更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間卻獲得更少的薪水和社會(huì)福利。他們也更容易面臨失業(yè)，受到通貨膨脹，銀行利率，人民幣升值的影響，甚至美國(guó)和歐盟對(duì)于中國(guó)制造產(chǎn)品的抵制也會(huì)影響到他們。去年，在中國(guó)南方的一個(gè)制造工廠里，有十三位年輕的工人選擇了結(jié)束自己的生命，一個(gè)接一個(gè)，像一場(chǎng)傳染玻他們輕生的原因各有不同，但整個(gè)事件提醒了中國(guó)社會(huì)和政府，需要更多的關(guān)注這些在精神上和生理上都與外界脫節(jié)的年輕農(nóng)民工人。

　　For those who do return back to the countryside, they find themselves very welcome locally, because with the knowledge, skills and networks they have learned in the cities, with the assistance of the Internet, they're able to create more jobs, upgrade local agriculture and create new businein the ledeveloped market. So for the past few years, the coastal areas, they found themselves in a shortage of labor.

　　對(duì)于那些回到農(nóng)村的年輕人，他們所經(jīng)歷的城市生活，所學(xué)到的知識(shí)，技巧和建立的社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，讓他們通常更受歡迎。特別是在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的幫助下，他們更有可能獲得工作，提升農(nóng)村的農(nóng)業(yè)水平和發(fā)展新的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。在過(guò)去的一些年中，一些沿海的城鎮(zhèn)甚至出現(xiàn)了勞動(dòng)力短缺。

　　These diagrams show a more general social background. The first one is the Engels coefficient, which explains that the cost of daily necessities has dropped its percentage all through the past decade, in terms of family income, to about 37-some percent. But then in the last two years, it goes up again to 39 percent, indicating a rising living cost. The Gini coefficient has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4. Now it's 0.5 -- even worse than that in America -- showing us the income inequality. And so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing some of its mobility. And also, the bitterneand even resentment towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread. So any accusations of corruption or backdoor dealings between authorities or businewould arouse a social outcry or even unrest.

　　這些圖片展現(xiàn)出整體的社會(huì)背景。第一張圖片是恩格斯系數(shù)(食品支出占總消費(fèi)支出的比例)，可以看到在過(guò)去的十年中，食物和生活必需品在家庭消費(fèi)中的比例有所下降(37%)，然后在過(guò)去的兩年中，這項(xiàng)指數(shù)上升到39%，說(shuō)明近兩年中生活成本的攀升�；嵯禂�(shù)早已越過(guò)了危險(xiǎn)的0.4，到達(dá)0.5——這甚至高過(guò)了美國(guó)——體現(xiàn)出極大的貧富差距，所以我們才看到整個(gè)社會(huì)的失衡。同時(shí)，“仇富心態(tài)”也開始在整個(gè)社會(huì)蔓延，任何與腐-敗和走后門相關(guān)的政府或商業(yè)丑聞都會(huì)引發(fā)社會(huì)危機(jī)和不穩(wěn)定。

　　So through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about. Social justice and government accountability runs the first in what they demand. For the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and development have let us witnea lot of reports on the forced demolition of private property. And it has aroused huge anger and frustration among our young generation. Sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest. So when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the Internet, people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.

　　通過(guò)微博上很火的話題，我們可以看到年輕人的關(guān)注點(diǎn)。社會(huì)公正和政府的公信力是他們首要需求的。在過(guò)去的十年中，急速的城市化讓民眾讀到太多強(qiáng)制私人住戶拆遷的新聞，這引發(fā)了年輕一代的憤怒和不理解。有時(shí)候，被拆遷的住戶以自殺和自-焚的方式來(lái)抗-議(強(qiáng)制拆遷行為)。當(dāng)這些事件越來(lái)越常在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上被揭露出來(lái)，人們期待政府可以采取一些更積極的制止行動(dòng)。

　　So the good news is that earlier this year, the state council passed a new regulation on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court. Similarly, many other issues concerning public safety is a hot topic on the Internet. We heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food. And guewhat, we have faked beef. They have sorts of ingredients that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef. And then lately, people are very concerned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found [refining] cooking oil from restaurant slop. So all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the Internet. And fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.

　　好消息是，今年早些時(shí)候，人民代表大會(huì)通過(guò)了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于房屋征用和拆遷的新法規(guī)，將征用和拆遷的權(quán)利從當(dāng)?shù)卣平坏搅朔ㄍ�。相同的，很多其他與公共安全相關(guān)的問(wèn)題也在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上被熱烈討論。我們聽到有太多空氣污染，水污染，有毒食品的報(bào)道。你甚至都想不到，我們還有假牛肉。人們用一種特殊的材料加入雞肉和魚肉中，然后以牛肉的價(jià)格進(jìn)行出售。最近，人們對(duì)食用油也很擔(dān)憂，大量的餐館被發(fā)現(xiàn)在使用“地溝油“。所有這些事件引發(fā)了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上民眾觀點(diǎn)的大爆發(fā)。幸運(yùn)的是，我們看到了政府正在更積極和更及時(shí)的對(duì)這些民眾的質(zhì)疑給予回應(yīng)。

　　While young people seem to be very sure about their participation in public policy-ma-ki-ng, but sometimes they're a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life. China is soon to pathe U.S. as the number one market for luxury brands -- that's not including the Chinese expenditures in Europe and elsewhere. But you know what, half of those consumers are earning a salary below 2,000 U.S. dollars. They're not rich at all. They're taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status. And this is a girl explicitly saying on a TV dating show that she would rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bicycle. But of course, we do have young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a BMW or [on] a bicycle.

　　一方面，年輕人越來(lái)越積極的參與到公共事務(wù)中;另一方面，他們也在尋找或者說(shuō)迷失與個(gè)人生活的價(jià)值和定位。中國(guó)很快就要超過(guò)美國(guó)，成為世界上第一大奢侈品消費(fèi)國(guó)——這還不包括中國(guó)人在國(guó)外的消費(fèi)。但你知道嗎，超過(guò)半數(shù)中國(guó)的奢侈品消費(fèi)者的(年)收入都低于兩千美元。他們其實(shí)并不富裕，他們用那些奢侈品牌的服裝和包體現(xiàn)身份和社會(huì)地位。這是一位在電視節(jié)目上公然表明，自己寧愿在寶馬車?yán)锟抟膊蛔谧孕熊嚭笮Φ哪贻p女孩。當(dāng)然，我們也有更多的年輕人，喜歡微笑，不管是在寶馬還是在自行車上。

　　So in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon called "naked" wedding, or "naked" marriage. It does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding, but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring and without a wedding banquet, to show their commitment to true love. And also, people are doing good through social media. And the first picture showed us that a truck caging 500 homeleand kidnapped dogs for food processing was spotted and stopped on the highway with the whole country watching through microblogging. People were donating money, dog food and offering volunteer work to stop that truck. And after hours of negotiation, 500 dogs were rescued. And here also people are helping to find missing children. A father posted his son's picture onto the Internet. After thousands of [unclear], the child was found, and we witnessed the reunion of the family through microblogging.

　　在下一幅圖中，你看到的是現(xiàn)在非常流行的”裸婚“，這并不代表這“裸露出席婚禮”，這體現(xiàn)的是年輕人愿意接受結(jié)婚不買房，不買車，不買鉆戒，甚至不辦婚宴的這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)，作為對(duì)純樸的真愛的致敬。但同時(shí)，人們也在通過(guò)社交媒體做一些善事。這副圖片里，這輛車上裝有500只被”綁架“來(lái)，準(zhǔn)備被送去屠宰的狗，這輛車被網(wǎng)友們發(fā)現(xiàn)后，人們開始通過(guò)微博關(guān)注事態(tài)的進(jìn)展，并且通過(guò)捐錢，捐食物和做義工來(lái)試圖攔截該車。在幾個(gè)小時(shí)的周旋后，這500條狗獲救并被放生。有更多的人在通過(guò)微博尋找丟失的孩子。一位父親將他失散的兒子的照片發(fā)布到微博上，在幾千條”轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)“之后，他的兒子被找到，家庭的團(tuán)聚也在微博上被報(bào)道出來(lái)。

　　So happineis the most popular word we have heard through the past two years. Happineis not only related to personal experiences and personal values, but also, it's about the environment. People are thinking about the following questions: Are we going to sacrifice our environment further to produce higher GDP? How are we going to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic growth, to keep sustainability and stability? And also, how capable is the system of self-correctneto keep more people content with all sorts of friction going on at the same time? I guethese are the questions people are going to answer. And our younger generation are going to transform this country while at the same time being transformed themselves.

　　Thank you very much.

　　“幸福(感)”是近兩年中國(guó)的流行詞匯。幸福感不僅僅與個(gè)人體驗(yàn)和價(jià)值觀相關(guān)，更多的，它與環(huán)境息息相關(guān)。人們?cè)谒伎迹何覀兪欠褚獱奚h(huán)境來(lái)提升GDP?我們要怎樣進(jìn)行社會(huì)和政治體制的改革來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，保持穩(wěn)定性和可持續(xù)性發(fā)展?同時(shí)，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的自我修正能力是否足夠強(qiáng)大，是否能夠讓生活在其中的人民接受在前進(jìn)過(guò)程中的各種壓力和困難?我想這些都是中國(guó)人民需要回答的問(wèn)題，而中國(guó)的年輕一代將在改變這個(gè)國(guó)家的過(guò)程中也改變自己。

ted演講篇9

　　大家都看過(guò)《士兵突擊》吧。最記憶尤新的也莫過(guò)于一號(hào)男主角許三多吧，許三多這個(gè)角色被定型為一個(gè)“傻到極點(diǎn)，頑強(qiáng)，有一股韌性，堅(jiān)韌不拔”的人。他的一句臺(tái)詞也升華了整部劇作——不拋棄，不放棄!

　　大家的理想自然不是都去當(dāng)特種兵，這里的拋棄自然不都是戰(zhàn)友，同學(xué)們想想，大大的中國(guó)13億個(gè)人啊!就算小學(xué)同學(xué)40人，初中50人，高中50人在學(xué)習(xí)階段也就是140個(gè)同學(xué)。也就是92857142個(gè)人中才能有1個(gè)人是你的同學(xué)，就僅憑這一點(diǎn)為何不把每一個(gè)同學(xué)都珍惜呢?更何況你能保證和每個(gè)同學(xué)都是的朋友嗎?固然說(shuō)有些同學(xué)長(zhǎng)大后隨自己沒(méi)什么幫助，雖然有些同學(xué)長(zhǎng)大后連記也不記的自己換個(gè)角度，你為何不和其余的9000多萬(wàn)個(gè)人做同學(xué)呢?都是緣分啊!別人墮落了拉別人一把，別人努力了跟上去一步，這樣不就能一同進(jìn)步了嗎?一個(gè)同學(xué)你很討厭他。他在懸崖一角即將墜下時(shí)，你是送他一腳還是送去一只手呢?珍惜眼前的一切吧!不拋棄同學(xué)中的任何一個(gè)人，討厭他就當(dāng)他在督促你，如果每個(gè)人都能拉身邊的人一把，那么實(shí)驗(yàn)班的孩子算什么?趕上他們不就像兔子捉烏龜嘛!可現(xiàn)實(shí)中呢?有一句話說(shuō)的好“沒(méi)有永遠(yuǎn)的朋友，只有永遠(yuǎn)的利益”在懸崖一角時(shí)，大多數(shù)人都送去了一腳。是的，拋棄他，自己非常舒坦，天天不要來(lái)氣，這是什么樣的人呢?自己想想看吧!!

　　拋棄的如果是朋友，那么放棄的莫過(guò)于自己吧!

　　上了七中也就是超過(guò)了江蘇一大半的學(xué)生，也就是說(shuō)你已經(jīng)是中上游得了，那么這樣的努力了9年，可謂是懷一腔熱血，負(fù)一身希望，這時(shí)如果放棄了，不就等于那掃把往家長(zhǎng)的屁股上抽嗎?放棄的都是懦弱的，都是失敗者，放棄不是新的開端，是個(gè)人生命價(jià)值的結(jié)束!!一個(gè)人也就是留給他20年的時(shí)間去珍惜，為何還拿去揮霍呢?與其這樣還不如拿刀給自己放血呢!快樂(lè)快樂(lè)的去學(xué)習(xí)，不是快樂(lè)快樂(lè)的去玩。用雙手捧起自己的前途，用堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的臂膀肩負(fù)起父母的希望吧。

　　還是那句話實(shí)驗(yàn)班的學(xué)生不算什么，抓起身邊的人，一同努力吧!!

ted演講篇10

　　我也是從小就開始寫作，當(dāng)我在七歲那年，開始強(qiáng)迫我可憐的母親閱讀我用鉛筆寫好的故事，外加上蠟筆描繪的插圖時(shí)，我所寫的故事正如我所讀的故事那般，我故事里的人物們都是白皮膚、藍(lán)眼睛的。常在雪中嬉戲，吃著蘋果。而且他們經(jīng)常討論天氣，討論太陽(yáng)出來(lái)時(shí)，一切都多么美好。我一直寫著這樣故事，雖然說(shuō)我當(dāng)時(shí)住在尼日利亞，并且從來(lái)沒(méi)有出過(guò)國(guó)。雖然說(shuō)我們從來(lái)沒(méi)見過(guò)雪，雖然說(shuō)我們實(shí)際上只能吃到芒果；雖然說(shuō)我們從不討論天氣，因?yàn)楦緵](méi)這個(gè)必要。

　　這一切所表明的，正是在一個(gè)個(gè)的故事面前，我們是何等的脆弱，何等的易受影響，尤其當(dāng)我們還是孩子的時(shí)候，因?yàn)槲耶?dāng)時(shí)讀的所有書中只有外國(guó)人物，我因而堅(jiān)信：書要想被稱為書，就必須有外國(guó)人在里面，就必須是關(guān)于我無(wú)法親身體驗(yàn)的事情，而這一切都在我接觸了非洲書籍之后發(fā)生了改變。當(dāng)時(shí)非洲書并不多，而且他們也不像國(guó)外書籍那樣好找。不過(guò)因?yàn)�！和！之類的作家，我思維中對(duì)于文學(xué)的概念，產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)的改變。我意識(shí)到像我這樣的人———有著巧克力般的膚色和永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法梳成馬尾辮的卷曲頭發(fā)的女孩們，也可以出現(xiàn)在文學(xué)作品中。

　　我來(lái)自一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的尼日利亞中產(chǎn)家庭，我的父親是一名教授，我的母親是一名大學(xué)管理員。因此我們和很多其他家庭一樣，都會(huì)從附近的村莊中雇傭一些幫手來(lái)打理家事。在我八歲那一年，我們家招來(lái)了一位新的男仆。他的名字叫做FIDE。我父親只告訴我們說(shuō)，他是來(lái)自一個(gè)非常窮苦的家庭，我母親會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)的將山芋、大米，還有我們穿舊的衣服送到他的家里。每當(dāng)我剩下晚飯的時(shí)候，我的母親就會(huì)說(shuō)：吃凈你的食物！難道你不知道嗎？像FIDE家這樣的人可是一無(wú)所有。因此我對(duì)他們家人充滿了憐憫。

　　后來(lái)的一個(gè)星期六，我們?nèi)IDE的村莊拜訪，他的母親向我們展示了一個(gè)精美別致的草籃————用FIDE的哥哥用染過(guò)色的酒椰葉編制的。我當(dāng)時(shí)完全被震驚了。我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想過(guò)FIDE的家人居然有親手制造東西的才能。在那之前，我對(duì)FIDE家唯一的了解就是他們是何等的窮困，正因?yàn)槿绱�，他們�(cè)谖夷X中的印象只是一個(gè)字——————“窮”。他們的貧窮是我賜予他們的單一故事。

　　我猛然意識(shí)到“在他見到我之前，她就已經(jīng)對(duì)我充滿了憐憫之心。她對(duì)我這個(gè)非洲人的預(yù)設(shè)心態(tài)是一種充滿施恩與好意的憐憫之情。我那位室友的腦中有一個(gè)關(guān)于非洲的單一故事。一個(gè)充滿了災(zāi)難的單一故事。在這個(gè)單一的故事中，非洲人是完全沒(méi)有可能在任何方面和她有所相似的；沒(méi)有可能接收到比憐憫更復(fù)雜的感情；沒(méi)有可能以一個(gè)平等的人類的身份與她溝通。

　　我不得不強(qiáng)調(diào)，在我前往美國(guó)之前，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有有意識(shí)的把自己當(dāng)做個(gè)非洲人。但在美國(guó)的時(shí)候，每當(dāng)人們提到”非洲“時(shí)，大家都會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向我，雖然我對(duì)之類的地方一無(wú)所知。但我漸漸的開始接受這個(gè)新的身份，現(xiàn)在很多時(shí)候我都是把自己當(dāng)做一個(gè)非洲人來(lái)看待。不過(guò)當(dāng)人們把非洲當(dāng)做一個(gè)國(guó)家來(lái)討論的時(shí)候，我還是覺得挺反感的。最近的一次例子就發(fā)生在兩天前，我從拉各斯搭乘航班，旅程原本相當(dāng)愉快，直到廣播里開始介紹在”印度、非洲以及其他國(guó)家”所進(jìn)行的慈善事業(yè)。

　　我認(rèn)為關(guān)于非洲的這個(gè)單一故事從根本上來(lái)自于西方的文學(xué)。這是來(lái)自倫敦商人JohnLocke的一段話。他在1561年的時(shí)候，曾游歷非洲西部，并且為他的航行做了翻很有趣的記錄。他先是把黑色的非洲人稱為“沒(méi)有房子的野獸”，隨后又寫道：“他們也是一群無(wú)頭腦的人，他們的嘴和眼睛都長(zhǎng)在了他們的胸口上�！�

　　我每次讀到這一段的時(shí)候，都不禁大笑起來(lái)。他的想象力真的是讓人敬佩。但關(guān)于他的作品極其重要的一點(diǎn)是它昭示著西方社會(huì)講述非洲故事的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)，在這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)中，撒哈拉以南的非洲充滿了消極、差異以及黑暗，是偉大的詩(shī)人RudyardKipling筆下所形容的“半惡魔、半孩童”的奇異人種。

　　我還記得當(dāng)我到達(dá)瓜達(dá)拉哈拉的第一天，看著人們前往工作，在市集上吃著墨西哥卷、抽著煙、大笑著，我記得我剛看到這一切時(shí)是何等的驚訝，但隨后我的心中便充滿了羞恥感。我意識(shí)到我當(dāng)時(shí)完全被沉浸在媒體上關(guān)于墨西哥人的報(bào)道，以致于他們?cè)谖业哪X中幻化成一個(gè)單一的個(gè)體———卑賤的移民。我完全相信了關(guān)于墨西哥人的單一故事，對(duì)此我感到無(wú)比的羞愧。這就是創(chuàng)造單一故事的過(guò)程，將一群人一遍又一遍地呈現(xiàn)為一個(gè)事物，并且只是一個(gè)事物，時(shí)間久了，他們就變成了那個(gè)事物。

　　而說(shuō)到單一的故事，就自然而然地要講到權(quán)力這個(gè)問(wèn)題。每當(dāng)我想到這個(gè)世界的權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，我都會(huì)想起一個(gè)伊傅語(yǔ)中的單詞，叫做“nkali”，它是一個(gè)名詞，可以在大意上被翻譯成”比另一個(gè)人強(qiáng)大�！本腿缤覀兊慕�(jīng)濟(jì)和政治界一樣，我們所講的故事也是建立在它的原則上的。這些故事是怎樣被講述的、由誰(shuí)來(lái)講述、何時(shí)被講述、有多少故事被講述，這一切都取決于權(quán)力。

ted演講篇11

　　大家好!我今天演講的題目是《青春》。

　　青春如行云流水，淌指而過(guò)，抓不住也握不穩(wěn)，因此青春也顯得格外珍貴，容不得半點(diǎn)浪費(fèi)，但親愛的朋友，請(qǐng)不必感嘆青春的柔弱易逝，她是如此富有生機(jī)與精彩。她能夠支持你站穩(wěn)崗位，負(fù)好己責(zé)，拼搏出你要的生活。那么正值青春的我們，就應(yīng)該乘青春正值旺季，草長(zhǎng)鶯飛之時(shí)，懷揣著激情，勇敢的面對(duì)生活，燃放自己，用流逝的青春去換一個(gè)我們要的明天。

　　還記得剛來(lái)到大學(xué)的日子嗎?想起來(lái)，不遠(yuǎn)，仿似昨天，可細(xì)細(xì)想下來(lái)，又覺得是好遠(yuǎn)，好像已經(jīng)是好遠(yuǎn)的好久以前了。回味這一路走來(lái)，有高考后自己汗水沒(méi)有白流的欣慰，有考入大學(xué)時(shí)的興奮，有離開家遇見她們的悸動(dòng)。當(dāng)然，也有過(guò)難過(guò)與失意，或者悲傷和失落，因?yàn)閷W(xué)校的小道沒(méi)有林蔭，食堂大媽的手藝不合我們的胃口，教室桌椅的坐著不舒服等等。可是隨著我們攜手上課下課，吃飯玩耍，開開玩笑間，多出來(lái)的胡茬也悄悄的留下了歲月的痕跡的兩年里，逝去的青春，我們漸漸熟悉，擁有了熟悉的笑臉，親切的言語(yǔ)，可以曰人，可以曰家，可以曰天下。慢慢的那些細(xì)小的不滿與失意也盡然被圖書館里的書香掩蓋，翻閱一頁(yè)頁(yè)間，學(xué)習(xí)充滿了我們青春的每一個(gè)角落�？此迫绱撕�(jiǎn)單，瑣碎，卻也無(wú)不在努力勾勒出我們多姿多彩的青春。

　　此時(shí)，那些流年里的光景也忽隱忽現(xiàn)得很好看。原來(lái)?yè)碛星啻旱奈覀兪侨绱烁挥�，因�(yàn)槟贻p，就有資本，我們用來(lái)投資明天，投資下一個(gè)屬于美好的自己。想著夢(mèng)想，踐行著一步兩步，越走越遠(yuǎn)。放棄了叫囂，學(xué)會(huì)了低頭。放低了身段，學(xué)會(huì)了靜修�？辞遄约阂叩牡缆罚行尬覀円械膶I(yè)。裝幾本書，壓壓包，穿行于向左向右的知識(shí)之路，緊緊的身影，只因追求學(xué)海的博大。握幾只筆，彎彎手，畫擺于朝里朝外的錦繡藍(lán)圖，沙沙的響聲，只為設(shè)計(jì)美好的明天。沒(méi)有花前月下的甜蜜，也不羨慕牡丹花下的香醉，盡管單調(diào)，但卻不會(huì)在等到將來(lái)有一天，青春一到用時(shí)方恨曾經(jīng)虛度。我們青春，我們簡(jiǎn)單，我們過(guò)季時(shí)間，純釀出自己的舞酒。

　　親愛的朋友們，不可否認(rèn)我們都迷茫過(guò)。因?yàn)檫@因?yàn)槟�，放縱過(guò)、難過(guò)過(guò)、沖突過(guò)、生氣過(guò)、莫名過(guò)，可是在每一個(gè)夜晚過(guò)后，新的一天又如約而至，又有一天的時(shí)間來(lái)改變改善，那么我們還有什么理由繼續(xù)生氣、放縱…以至于浪費(fèi)我們?nèi)绱苏滟F的青春。青春是短暫的，但是就是再短暫的時(shí)光也沒(méi)有借口在我們的生命里虛度。我們要盡青春之力，負(fù)生命之責(zé)，付出自己，饋贈(zèng)給予，收獲人生財(cái)富，留著在以后的歲月給我們成長(zhǎng)和成熟提供一個(gè)契機(jī)。那么同學(xué)，如果你還在迷茫，拋棄迷茫吧，把握人生的航向，牢記勤字當(dāng)頭，不懈搖槳，搏擊濤海大浪，泛舟人生。用我們的青春和生命奏響時(shí)代的強(qiáng)音，用我們的聰明和勇氣揚(yáng)起理想的風(fēng)帆，打開成功的閥門，讓美好的下一刻順流而來(lái)，繪畫出人生精彩的篇章。

　　我的演講完了，謝謝!

ted演講篇12

　　大家好!

　　讓我們來(lái)問(wèn)自己一個(gè)問(wèn)題，如果上天給你一次重新選擇的機(jī)會(huì)，你會(huì)愿意做誰(shuí)?是自己還是別人?

　　記得在小學(xué)的一節(jié)心理課上，我們的心理老師也這么問(wèn)過(guò)我們。當(dāng)時(shí)我們都不假思索地寫在了紙上。統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果是，全班30個(gè)人，29個(gè)人是愿意做別人，只有1個(gè)人愿意做自己。

　　為什么不愿意做自己?也許你覺得自己太過(guò)于平凡了，但是，萬(wàn)物不都是這樣嗎?一棵小草是平凡的，它只是默默地生長(zhǎng)，任人踐踏。野花是平凡的，也許它一直是個(gè)被忽略的角色，它比其他的花更不起眼，它沒(méi)有玫瑰的嬌艷，沒(méi)有百合的清香，也沒(méi)有玉蘭這般的高貴，可它同樣能開出屬于自己的一片天。平凡，不等于我們不可以創(chuàng)造自己的不平凡，平凡，不等于我們不幸福。幸福的人不一定愿意做自己，但愿意做自己的人一定很幸福。

　　既然知道我永遠(yuǎn)是我，不可能是別人，那么就快樂(lè)地做自己。做自己，本就是一種幸福!

ted演講篇13

　　in a funny, rapid-fire 4 minutes, ale_is ohanian of reddit tells thereal-life fable of one humpback whale's rise to web stardom. the lesson ofmister splashy pants is a shoo-in classic for meme-makers and marketers in thefacebook age.

　　這段有趣的4分鐘演講，來(lái)自 reddit 網(wǎng)站創(chuàng)始人 ale_isohanian。他講了一個(gè)座頭鯨在網(wǎng)上一夜成名的真實(shí)故事。“濺水先生”的故事是臉書時(shí)代米姆(小編注：根據(jù)《牛津英語(yǔ)詞典》，meme被定義為：“文化的基本單位，通過(guò)非遺傳的方式，特別是模仿而得到傳遞。”)制造者和傳播者共同創(chuàng)造的經(jīng)典案例。

　　演講的開頭，ale_is ohanian介紹了“濺水先生”的故事�！熬G色和平”環(huán)保組織為了阻止日本的捕鯨行為，在一只鯨魚體內(nèi)植入新片，并發(fā)起一個(gè)為這只座頭鯨起名的活動(dòng)�！熬G色和平”組織希望起低調(diào)奢華有內(nèi)涵的名字，但經(jīng)過(guò)reddit的宣傳和推動(dòng)，票數(shù)最多的卻是非常不高大上的“濺水先生”這個(gè)名字。經(jīng)過(guò)幾番折騰，“綠色和平”接受了這個(gè)名字，并且這一行動(dòng)成功阻止了日本捕鯨活動(dòng)。

　　演講內(nèi)容節(jié)選(ale_ ohanian 從社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的角度分析這個(gè)事件)

　　and actually, redditors in the internet community were happy toparticipate, but they weren't whale lovers. a few of them certainly were. butwe're talking about a lot of people who were just really interested and reallycaught up in this great meme, and in fact someone from greenpeace came back onthe site and thanked reddit for its participation. but this wasn't really out ofaltruism. this was just out of interest in doing something cool.

　　事實(shí)上，reddit的社區(qū)用戶們很高興參與其中，但他們并非是鯨魚愛好者。當(dāng)然，他們中的一小部分或許是。我們看到的是一群人積極地去參與到這個(gè)米姆(社會(huì)活動(dòng))中，實(shí)際上“綠色和平”中的人登陸，感謝大家的參與。網(wǎng)友們這么做并非是完全的利他主義。他們只是覺得做這件事很酷。

　　and this is kind of how the internet works. this is that great big secret.because the internet provides this level playing field. your link is just asgood as your link, which is just as good as my link. as long as we have abrowser, anyone can get to any website no matter how big a budget you have.

　　這就是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的運(yùn)作方式。這就是我說(shuō)的秘密。因?yàn)榛ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)提供的是一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)均等平臺(tái)。你分享的鏈接跟他分享的鏈接一樣有趣，我分享的鏈接也不賴。只要我們有一個(gè)瀏覽器，不論你的財(cái)富幾何，你都可以去到想瀏覽的頁(yè)面。

　　the other important thing is that it costs nothing to get that contentonline now. there are so many great publishing tools that are available, it onlytakes a few minutes of your time now to actually produce something. and the costof iteration is so cheap that you might as well give it a go.

　　另外，從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)獲取內(nèi)容不需要任何成本。如今，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有各種各樣的發(fā)布工具，你只需要幾分鐘就可以成為內(nèi)容的提供者。這種行為的成本非常低，你也可以試試。

　　and if you do, be genuine about it. be honest. be up front. and one of thegreat lessons that greenpeace actually learned was that it's okay to losecontrol. the final message that i want to share with all of you -- that you cando well online. if you want to succeed you've got to be okay to just losecontrol. thank you.

　　如果你真的決定試試，那么請(qǐng)真摯、誠(chéng)實(shí)、坦率地去做�！熬G色和平”在這個(gè)故事中獲得的教訓(xùn)是，有時(shí)候失控并不一定是壞事。最后我想告訴你們的是——你可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上做得很好。如果你想在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上成功，你得經(jīng)得起一點(diǎn)失控。謝謝。

ted演講篇14

　　動(dòng)物，它們是我們的朋友;動(dòng)物，我們要保護(hù)它們;動(dòng)物，也有尊嚴(yán);動(dòng)物;也有血有肉;動(dòng)物，它跟我們一樣，也是一條生命啊。

　　人們常常捕殺那些可憐的小動(dòng)物，在他們的腦子里，只想著殺了他們賺錢，他們似乎已經(jīng)喪失意志。如果我親眼看見他們捕殺動(dòng)物，我會(huì)問(wèn)他們：“難道他們沒(méi)有家人嗎?你沒(méi)有體驗(yàn)過(guò)骨肉分離的滋味，你想過(guò)那是什么滋味兒?jiǎn)?它們也有血有肉、它們也知道感恩，你想過(guò)在他們即將被你們殺死的時(shí)候，心里會(huì)想些什么嗎?你們不知道，有那么多無(wú)辜的小動(dòng)物經(jīng)過(guò)你的手被殺死，難道他們有罪嗎?難道他們生下來(lái)就應(yīng)該被殘害嗎?難道你們不該被遭報(bào)應(yīng)嗎?

　　你們可以換位思考一下，假如你是一條無(wú)辜的小動(dòng)物，在你生下來(lái)的那一刻，你親眼看見你的母親死于非命或你被那些人給殺害了，你們心里會(huì)怎么想?你們就會(huì)親身體驗(yàn)到骨肉分離的滋味吧?既然你想到這些，你們就該好好反思反思，那些無(wú)辜的小生命就該死于你們這些心腸狠毒的人手里嗎?就算它們?cè)撍溃草啿坏侥銈儎?dòng)手。我不知道你們知不知道，那些小生命臨死之前會(huì)是什么樣的神情?你們不知道，為什么?因?yàn)槟銈儧](méi)血沒(méi)肉，你們殺了那么多無(wú)辜的小動(dòng)物，該死的人不是它們，而是你們，因?yàn)楫?dāng)你給它們東西的時(shí)候，他們會(huì)知道感恩。

　　也許你們會(huì)想，就是一條畜生，有什么好值錢的?殺就殺唄，反正還能給我賺點(diǎn)錢，你們這樣想就錯(cuò)了，不只錯(cuò)，而且大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)。對(duì)，他們雖然是畜生，它們好歹是條生命，對(duì)，它們雖不值錢，但它們不該死……

　　好啦，話不多說(shuō)，我希望那些捕殺小動(dòng)物的人，你們?cè)缫稽c(diǎn)改過(guò)自新，不然，你們?cè)缤硎艿椒傻闹撇谩?/p>

ted演講篇15

　　“讓我們的笑容充滿著青春的驕傲”在我的風(fēng)雨中飄過(guò)。在初一上學(xué)期，因?yàn)橄Т珀�，伶分陰，帶�?lái)了許許多多的歡樂(lè)和充足。那是一個(gè)雨下的瘋狂的下午，從飯?zhí)玫剿奚嵊幸粭l擁擠卻可以免受雨洗禮的走廊，從飯?zhí)玫剿奚徇€有一條要經(jīng)過(guò)籃球場(chǎng)但要被淋成落湯雞的雨路。在我的眼中，好像要在慌忙的情況下選擇人生的道路。在和同桌面面相覷的同時(shí)，我似乎聽到“玉山白雪飄零燃燒少年的心”的歌聲，縱然我像一只飛起來(lái)的風(fēng)箏和我的同伴在下著雨的藍(lán)天中飛翔，看著雨中的彩虹。雨打著嬌嫩的肩膀，身后是同學(xué)的驚訝�，F(xiàn)在回眸當(dāng)時(shí)的清爽，是難以從聲帶里發(fā)出的感受，當(dāng)時(shí)頭發(fā)飛揚(yáng)著青春，意蘊(yùn)著明日的美好，在小學(xué)是找不到的，我想在大學(xué)就更難以尋覓了。這就是初中生與小學(xué)生的不一般。青春的彩帶圍繞著著我，陪伴著我的飛翔�！俺瞿愕臒崆�，伸出你雙手，讓我擁抱著你的夢(mèng)”呵，擁抱著我的夢(mèng)!我擁有青春的驕傲，我擁抱我的夢(mèng)!

　　雖然走過(guò)的路不長(zhǎng)，雖然還沒(méi)走的路漫長(zhǎng)，雖然這是過(guò)去的記憶。但是留下的痕跡是那般的深，但是前面風(fēng)景是如此的多嬌，但是我可以把握現(xiàn)在�！按猴L(fēng)不解風(fēng)情，吹動(dòng)少年的心，昨日臉上的淚痕隨記憶風(fēng)干了”。

　　“讓我們的笑容充滿著青春的驕傲，青春的驕傲，讓我們期待明天會(huì)更好”

　　有著么一首陪伴自己的歌，它的歌聲被融入在生活中，融入在我的初中的天空，引著我飛翔，看雨中的彩虹。讓我們期待明天會(huì)更好!即使飛渡了歲月的河山，它卻永永遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地引導(dǎo)著我：

　　明天會(huì)更好!

ted演講篇16

　　壓力大，怎么辦?壓力會(huì)讓你心跳加速、呼吸加快、額頭冒汗!當(dāng)壓力成為全民健康公敵時(shí)，有研究顯示只有當(dāng)你與壓力為敵時(shí)，它才會(huì)危害你的健康。心理學(xué)家kellymcgonigal 從積極的一面分析壓力，教你如何使壓力變成你的朋友!

　　stress. it makes your heart pound, your breathing quicken and your foreheadsweat. but while stress has been made into a public health enemy, new researchsuggests that stress may only be bad for you if you believe that to be the case.psychologist kelly mcgonigal urges us to see stress as a positive, andintroduces us to an unsung mechanism for stress reduction: reaching out toothers.

　　kelly mcgonigal translates academic research into practical strategies forhealth, happiness and personal success.

　　why you should listen to her：

　　stanford university psychologist kelly mcgonigal is a leader in the growingfield of “science-help.” through books, articles, courses and workshops,mcgonigal works to help us understand and implement the latest scientificfindings in psychology, neuroscience and medicine.

　　straddling the worlds of research and practice, mcgonigal holds positionsin both the stanford graduate school of business and the school of medicine. hermost recent book, the willpower instinct, e_plores the latest research onmotivation, temptation and procrastination, as well as what it takes totransform habits, persevere at challenges and make a successful change.

　　she is now researching a new book about the "upside of stress," which willlook at both why stress is good for us, and what makes us good at stress. in herwords: "the old understanding of stress as a unhelpful relic of our animalinstincts is being replaced by the understanding that stress actually makes ussocially smart -- it's what allows us to be fully human."

　　i have a confession to make, but first, i want you to make a littleconfession to me. in the past year, i want you to just raise your hand

　　if you've e_perienced relatively little stress. anyone?

　　how about a moderate amount of stress?

　　who has e_perienced a lot of stress? yeah. me too.

　　but that is not my confession. my confession is this: i am a healthpsychologist, and my mission is to help people be happier and healthier. but ifear that something i've been teaching for the last 10 years is doing more harmthan good, and it has to do with stress. for years i've been telling people,stress makes you sick. it increases the risk of everything from the common coldto cardiovascular disease. basically, i've turned stress into the enemy. but ihave changed my mind about stress, and today, i want to change yours.

　　let me start with the study that made me rethink my whole approach tostress. this study tracked 30,000 adults in the united states for eight years,and they started by asking people, "how much stress have you e_perienced in thelast year?" they also asked, "do you believe that stress is harmful for yourhealth?" and then they used public death records to find out who died.

　　(laughter)

　　okay. some bad news first. people who e_perienced a lot of stress in theprevious year had a 43 percent increased risk of dying. but that was only truefor the people who also believed that stress is harmful for your health.(laughter) people who e_perienced a lot of stress but did not view stress asharmful were no more likely to die. in fact, they had the lowest risk of dyingof anyone in the study, including people who had relatively little stress.

　　now the researchers estimated that over the eight years they were trackingdeaths, 182,000 americans died prematurely, not from stress, but from the beliefthat stress is bad for you. (laughter) that is over 20,000 deaths a year. now,if that estimate is correct, that would make believing stress is bad for you the15th largest cause of death in the united states last year, killing more peoplethan skin cancer, hiv/aids and homicide.

　　(laughter)

　　you can see why this study freaked me out. here i've been spending so muchenergy telling people stress is bad for your health.

　　so this study got me wondering: can changing how you think about stressmake you healthier? and here the science says yes. when you change your mindabout stress, you can change your body's response to stress.

　　now to e_plain how this works, i want you all to pretend that you areparticipants in a study designed to stress you out. it's called the socialstress test. you come into the laboratory, and you're told you have to give afive-minute impromptu speech on your personal weaknesses to a panel of e_pertevaluators sitting right in front of you, and to make sure you feel thepressure, there are bright lights and a camera in your face, kind of like this.and the evaluators have been trained to give you discouraging, non-verbalfeedback like this.

　　(laughter)

　　now that you're sufficiently demoralized, time for part two: a math test.and unbeknownst to you, the e_perimenter has been trained to harass you duringit. now we're going to all do this together. it's going to be fun. for me.

　　okay. i want you all to count backwards from 996 in increments of seven.you're going to do this out loud as fast as you can, starting with 996. go!audience: (counting) go faster. faster please. you're going too slow. stop.stop, stop, stop. that guy made a mistake. we are going to have to start allover again. (laughter) you're not very good at this, are you? okay, so you getthe idea. now, if you were actually in this study, you'd probably be a littlestressed out. your heart might be pounding, you might be breathing faster, maybebreaking out into a sweat. and normally, we interpret these physical changes asan_iety or signs that we aren't coping very well with the pressure.

　　but what if you viewed them instead as signs that your body was energized,was preparing you to meet this challenge? now that is e_actly what participantswere told in a study conducted at harvard university. before they went throughthe social stress test, they were taught to rethink their stress response ashelpful. that pounding heart is preparing you for action. if you're breathingfaster, it's no problem. it's getting more o_ygen to your brain. andparticipants who learned to view the stress response as helpful for theirperformance, well, they were less stressed out, less an_ious, more confident,but the most fascinating finding to me was how their physical stress responsechanged. now, in a typical stress response, your heart rate goes up, and yourblood vessels constrict like this. and this is one of the reasons that chronicstress is sometimes associated with cardiovascular disease. it's not reallyhealthy to be in this state all the time. but in the study, when participantsviewed their stress response as helpful, their blood vessels stayed rela_ed likethis. their heart was still pounding, but this is a much healthiercardiovascular profile. it actually looks a lot like what happens in moments ofjoy and courage. over a lifetime of stressful e_periences, this one biologicalchange could be the difference between a stress-induced heart attack at age 50and living well into your 90s. and this is really what the new science of stressreveals, that how you think about stress matters.

　　so my goal as a health psychologist has changed. i no longer want to getrid of your stress. i want to make you better at stress. and we just did alittle intervention. if you raised your hand and said you'd had a lot of stressin the last year, we could have saved your life, because hopefully the ne_t timeyour heart is pounding from stress, you're going to remember this talk andyou're going to think to yourself, this is my body helping me rise to thischallenge. and when you view stress in that way, your body believes you, andyour stress response becomes healthier.

　　now i said i have over a decade of demonizing stress to redeem myself from,so we are going to do one more intervention. i want to tell you about one of themost under-appreciated aspects of the stress response, and the idea is this:stress makes you social.

　　to understand this side of stress, we need to talk about a hormone,o_ytocin, and i know o_ytocin has already gotten as much hype as a hormone canget. it even has its own cute nickname, the cuddle hormone, because it'sreleased when you hug someone. but this is a very small part of what o_ytocin isinvolved in. o_ytocin is a neuro-hormone. it fine-tunes your brain's socialinstincts. it primes you to do things that strengthen close relationships.o_ytocin makes you crave physical contact with your friends and family. itenhances your empathy. it even makes you more willing to help and support thepeople you care about. some people have even suggested we should snort o_ytocinto become more compassionate and caring. but here's what most people don'tunderstand about o_ytocin. it's a stress hormone. your pituitary gland pumpsthis stuff out as part of the stress response. it's as much a part of yourstress response as the adrenaline that makes your heart pound. and when o_ytocinis released in the stress response, it is motivating you to seek support. yourbiological stress response is nudging you to tell someone how you feel insteadof bottling it up. your stress response wants to make sure you notice whensomeone else in your life is struggling so that you can support each other. whenlife is difficult, your stress response wants you to be surrounded by people whocare about you.

　　okay, so how is knowing this side of stress going to make you healthier?well, o_ytocin doesn't only act on your brain. it also acts on your body, andone of its main roles in your body is to protect your cardiovascular system fromthe effects of stress. it's a natural anti-inflammatory. it also helps yourblood vessels stay rela_ed during stress. but my favorite effect on the body isactually on the heart. your heart has receptors for this hormone, and o_ytocinhelps heart cells regenerate and heal from any stress-induced damage. thisstress hormone strengthens your heart, and the cool thing is that all of thesephysical benefits of o_ytocin are enhanced by social contact and social support,so when you reach out to others under stress, either to seek support or to helpsomeone else, you release more of this hormone, your stress response becomeshealthier, and you actually recover faster from stress. i find this amazing,that your stress response has a built-in mechanism for stress resilience, andthat mechanism is human connection.

　　i want to finish by telling you about one more study. and listen up,because this study could also save a life. this study tracked about 1,000 adultsin the united states, and they ranged in age from 34 to 93, and they started thestudy by asking, "how much stress have you e_perienced in the last year?" theyalso asked, "how much time have you spent helping out friends, neighbors, peoplein your community?" and then they used public records for the ne_t five years tofind out who died.

　　okay, so the bad news first: for every major stressful life e_perience,like financial difficulties or family crisis, that increased the risk of dyingby 30 percent. but -- and i hope you are e_pecting a but by now -- but thatwasn't true for everyone. people who spent time caring for others showedabsolutely no stress-related increase in dying. zero. caring created resilience.and so we see once again that the harmful effects of stress on your health arenot inevitable. how you think and how you act can transform your e_perience ofstress. when you choose to view your stress response as helpful, you create thebiology of courage. and when you choose to connect with others under stress, youcan create resilience. now i wouldn't necessarily ask for more stressfule_periences in my life, but this science has given me a whole new appreciationfor stress. stress gives us access to our hearts. the compassionate heart thatfinds joy and meaning in connecting with others, and yes, your pounding physicalheart, working so hard to give you strength and energy, and when you choose toview stress in this way, you're not just getting better at stress, you'reactually making a pretty profound statement. you're saying that you can trustyourself to handle life's challenges, and you're remembering that you don't haveto face them alone.

　　thank you.

　　(applause)

　　chris anderson: this is kind of amazing, what you're telling us. it seemsamazing to me that a belief about stress can make so much difference tosomeone's life e_pectancy. how would that e_tend to advice, like, if someone ismaking a lifestyle choice between, say, a stressful job and a non-stressful job,does it matter which way they go? it's equally wise to go for the stressful jobso long as you believe that you can handle it, in some sense?

　　kelly mcgonigal: yeah, and one thing we know for certain is that chasingmeaning is better for your health than trying to avoid discomfort. and so iwould say that's really the best way to make decisions, is go after what it isthat creates meaning in your life and then trust yourself to handle the stressthat follows.

　　ca: thank you so much, kelly. it's pretty cool. km: thank you.

　　(applause)

ted演講篇17

　　走進(jìn)幸福的天堂!let’s go!

　　我：“鐘老師，您幸福么?”當(dāng)我問(wèn)鐘老師這個(gè)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，老師感到驚訝，說(shuō)：“我當(dāng)然幸福啦!”“那你最大的幸福是什么呀?”我問(wèn)。鐘老師想了一會(huì)兒說(shuō)：“嗯......是可以干自己想干的事，沒(méi)有人阻攔我。而且要對(duì)自己有益，對(duì)別人有益那才幸福呢�！�

　　校醫(yī)卻對(duì)我說(shuō)： “沒(méi)有人來(lái)看病，整天清閑著就幸福了�！钡矣X得校醫(yī)是在說(shuō)笑吧，哪有作為一個(gè)醫(yī)生不想救死扶傷呢?

　　舞蹈老師說(shuō)：“能讓我教過(guò)的學(xué)生都能夠不斷進(jìn)步，那就是我的幸福了。

　　廚房叔叔說(shuō)：“我不知道�！� 班長(zhǎng)說(shuō)：“對(duì)不起，我不接受采訪�！� 吳芃凈：“我......跟你一樣。”

　　我不懂，為什么我在問(wèn)大人時(shí)，他(她)們都會(huì)狂笑不止，而我在問(wèn)同學(xué)時(shí)，同學(xué)們就不愿意回答。

　　鐘老師的幸福是因?yàn)榭梢宰鰧?duì)自己、別人有益的事。舞蹈老師的幸福是自己教過(guò)的學(xué)生都能夠不斷進(jìn)步。她們都是一個(gè)好老師，都在為別人付出。

　　老師們!你們經(jīng)歷過(guò)苦難，但你們都能感到幸福。那我就更加不用說(shuō)了。

　　我幸福，因?yàn)槲疑钤谛腋Ｖ小?/p>

　　一次，我和阿姨坐公交車去天虹購(gòu)物。在公交車上，有一個(gè)老奶奶上車了，可車上沒(méi)座位了。我看到旁邊有一個(gè)牌子，上面寫：請(qǐng)給老人讓座。老師也講過(guò)，要給老人讓座。于是，我讓老奶奶坐在我的座位上。老奶奶說(shuō)：“謝謝你!”一個(gè)姐姐看見了，讓我坐在她的座位上�？梢�，我們?nèi)酥g是有愛、是有幸福的。

　　其實(shí),幸福很簡(jiǎn)單,它時(shí)時(shí)刻刻地陪在我們身邊!

　　付出是一種幸福。彼此牽手同行，難免磕碰，重要的是要珍惜愛與付出。

　　擁有是一種幸福。你有很多東西，難道你不會(huì)感到幸福么?

　　批評(píng)是一種幸福。老師和家長(zhǎng)批評(píng)你,是因?yàn)樗?她)們關(guān)心你。不然,他們?cè)趺磿?huì)批評(píng)你呢?所以,你被批評(píng)時(shí),應(yīng)該高興呀!

　　被攻擊,被妒忌是一種幸福.因?yàn)槟阌兄档帽欢始珊凸舻馁Y格。

　　被出賣是一種幸福。它讓你看清楚誰(shuí)是你真正的朋友。

　　失望是一種幸福。因?yàn)橛信瓮?才會(huì)有失望。有了盼望,就有了追求,有了追求,就有了幸福。

　　許多人認(rèn)為有錢就是幸福，因?yàn)榻疱X可以買到很多自己想要的東西。不過(guò)，我認(rèn)為有金錢并不一定就能得到幸福!因?yàn)榻疱X買不到親情，買不到真誠(chéng)。

　　我們?nèi)绻荒懿煊X自己的幸福，是因?yàn)檫€不懂的幸福的含義，不懂得感激生活，寬容待人。

　　幸福不一定需要有很多錢，一家人能相親相愛，朋友間能真誠(chéng)相待，就是幸福。有時(shí)，一句貼心的話兒，一個(gè)感人的動(dòng)作，那也是幸福。

　　幸福并不遙遠(yuǎn)，只要我們用心感受，它就在我們身邊，可遇可求。

ted演講篇18

　　是雄鷹終究要飛向藍(lán)天，是鮮花終究要綻放芬芳，是金子終究要閃光發(fā)亮。偉人少時(shí)就寫下“自信人生二百年，會(huì)當(dāng)水擊三千里”，周恩來(lái)總理從小就明志“為中華之崛起而讀書�！北姸嗝�，也就因?yàn)檎_認(rèn)識(shí)了自己，才有今時(shí)今日的輝煌成就。因此，我們每一個(gè)人只有正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己，努力做好真正的自己，才能到達(dá)成功的彼岸。

　　哀莫大于心死，愁莫大于無(wú)志。不論遇到多大的風(fēng)浪，我們都不能迷失自己，放棄自己!達(dá)爾文的老師都說(shuō)他自質(zhì)平庸，但他認(rèn)識(shí)自己而對(duì)各種事物不斷考察研究，最后還不是闡述出進(jìn)化論?牛頓小學(xué)的成績(jī)一團(tuán)糟，但他認(rèn)識(shí)自己而對(duì)問(wèn)題苦苦思索，最后還不是發(fā)現(xiàn)了地心吸引力?羅丹考三次也沒(méi)考進(jìn)藝術(shù)學(xué)院，但他認(rèn)識(shí)自己而一心一意地雕刻，最后還不是成為了著名的藝術(shù)家?

　　雖然人要有志，但卻不能隨便立志，要看清自己，要量力而行。就像鳥兒始終不能在水里游，魚兒始終不能在天上飛，云兒始終不能自由飄蕩那樣，不是嗎?古有東施模仿越國(guó)美女西施，見她心口疼時(shí)的模樣美麗，也就學(xué)著做，結(jié)果招來(lái)眾人的冷嘲熱諷，今天的我們不能再犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。我們要認(rèn)識(shí)自己，做不來(lái)的萬(wàn)不可學(xué)著做。

　　知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆。認(rèn)識(shí)自己才有勝出的可能。好好認(rèn)識(shí)自己，做一個(gè)常勝將軍吧!

ted演講篇19

　　敬愛的老師，親愛的同學(xué)：

　　每一天清晨太陽(yáng)都會(huì)從東邊升起，到了傍晚就會(huì)從西邊落下，這個(gè)沒(méi)有任何一個(gè)人能夠改變，同樣我們沒(méi)法讓時(shí)間停止，也沒(méi)不可能讓別人怎摸樣，唯一能改變的，僅有自己!

　　小的時(shí)候，我總會(huì)問(wèn)別人這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題：你覺得我好不好，那莫在你心中我排第幾呢?尤其是對(duì)自己親近的人，如果他們的回答讓我不高興的話，我總會(huì)很生氣很生氣，下意識(shí)的覺得他們不喜歡我，所以就拼命的讓他們改變看法，誰(shuí)出我滿意的答案!并且讓他們都也必須要為我而改變，否則我會(huì)很難過(guò)的!

　　此刻想起來(lái)的確是可笑至極了，可是在今日我仍會(huì)向好朋友問(wèn)這樣的問(wèn)題。

　　可是初中畢竟不是以前了，漸漸的我和身邊的同學(xué)變得很疏遠(yuǎn)，無(wú)論是男生還是女生，無(wú)論是班里的同學(xué)還是年級(jí)里面的，關(guān)系都不是很好，那種感覺真的好難受，我想哭，可是卻不敢。

　　我不明白為什末，我無(wú)力去對(duì)別人說(shuō)你應(yīng)當(dāng)，你必須之類的話了。

　　不明白為什末，一霎那間我忽然懂得了什莫，我想要求自己做些深末�？赡苁且�?yàn)榇丝痰沫h(huán)境吧，我不再在乎別人的看法，只做自己而已。

　　我以往無(wú)數(shù)次的想過(guò)要改變自己，可是好像都失敗了，我不想明白原因，只想做我自己，所以此刻的我不再在乎別人的看法，已經(jīng)不再在乎很多事情了，我不明白這算不算改變，如果是的話，那末是變好還是壞!

　　可是我清楚的體會(huì)到此刻的生活比以前簡(jiǎn)便很多，趣味很多。

　　是啊，即使很多人都認(rèn)為江山易改本性難移，可是改變自己還是比改變別人要容易得多吖!

ted演講篇20

　　my subject today is learning. and in that spirit, i want to spring on youall a pop quiz. ready? when does learning begin? now as you ponder thatquestion, maybe you're thinking about the first day of preschool orkindergarten, the first time that kids are in a classroom with a teacher. ormaybe you've called to mind the toddler phase when children are learning how towalk and talk and use a fork. maybe you've encountered the zero-to-threemovement, which asserts that the most important years for learning are theearliest ones. and so your answer to my question would be: learning begins atbirth.

　　well today i want to present to you an idea that may be surprising and mayeven seem implausible, but which is supported by the latest evidence frompsychology and biology. and that is that some of the most important learning weever do happens before we're born, while we're still in the womb. now i'm ascience reporter. i write books and magazine articles. and i'm also a mother.and those two roles came together for me in a book that i wrote called"origins." "origins" is a report from the front lines of an e_citing new fieldcalled fetal origins. fetal origins is a scientific discipline that emerged justabout two decades ago, and it's based on the theory that our health andwell-being throughout our lives is crucially affected by the nine months wespend in the womb. now this theory was of more than just intellectual interestto me. i was myself pregnant while i was doing the research for the book. andone of the most fascinating insights i took from this work is that we're alllearning about the world even before we enter it.

　　when we hold our babies for the first time, we might imagine that they'reclean slates, unmarked by life, when in fact, they've already been shaped by usand by the particular world we live in. today i want to share with you some ofthe amazing things that scientists are discovering about what fetuses learnwhile they're still in their mothers' bellies.

　　first of all, they learn the sound of their mothers' voices. because soundsfrom the outside world have to travel through the mother's abdominal tissue andthrough the amniotic fluid that surrounds the fetus, the voices fetuses hear,starting around the fourth month of gestation, are muted and muffled. oneresearcher says that they probably sound a lot like the the voice of charliebrown's teacher in the old "peanuts" cartoon. but the pregnant woman's own voicereverberates through her body, reaching the fetus much more readily. and becausethe fetus is with her all the time, it hears her voice a lot. once the baby'sborn, it recognizes her voice and it prefers listening to her voice over anyoneelse's.

　　how can we know this? newborn babies can't do much, but one thing they'rereally good at is sucking. researchers take advantage of this fact by rigging uptwo rubber nipples, so that if a baby sucks on one, it hears a recording of itsmother's voice on a pair of headphones, and if it sucks on the other nipple, ithears a recording of a female stranger's voice. babies quickly show theirpreference by choosing the first one. scientists also take advantage of the factthat babies will slow down their sucking when something interests them andresume their fast sucking when they get bored. this is how researchersdiscovered that, after women repeatedly read aloud a section of dr. seuss' "thecat in the hat" while they were pregnant, their newborn babies recognized thatpassage when they hear it outside the womb. my favorite e_periment of this kindis the one that showed that the babies of women who watched a certain soap operaevery day during pregnancy recognized the theme song of that show once they wereborn. so fetuses are even learning about the particular language that's spokenin the world that they'll be born into.

　　a study published last year found that from birth, from the moment ofbirth, babies cry in the accent of their mother's native language. french babiescry on a rising note while german babies end on a falling note, imitating themelodic contours of those languages. now why would this kind of fetal learningbe useful? it may have evolved to aid the baby's survival. from the moment ofbirth, the baby responds most to the voice of the person who is most likely tocare for it -- its mother. it even makes its cries sound like the mother'slanguage, which may further endear the baby to the mother, and which may givethe baby a head start in the critical task of learning how to understand andspeak its native language.

　　but it's not just sounds that fetuses are learning about in utero. it'salso tastes and smells. by seven months of gestation, the fetus' taste buds arefully developed, and its olfactory receptors, which allow it to smell, arefunctioning. the flavors of the food a pregnant woman eats find their way intothe amniotic fluid, which is continuously swallowed by the fetus. babies seem toremember and prefer these tastes once they're out in the world. in onee_periment, a group of pregnant women was asked to drink a lot of carrot juiceduring their third trimester of pregnancy, while another group of pregnant womendrank only water. si_ months later, the women's infants were offered cerealmi_ed with carrot juice, and their facial e_pressions were observed while theyate it. the offspring of the carrot juice drinking women ate morecarrot-flavored cereal, and from the looks of it, they seemed to enjoy itmore.

　　a sort of french version of this e_periment was carried out in dijon,france where researchers found that mothers who consumed food and drink flavoredwith licorice-flavored anise during pregnancy showed a preference for anise ontheir first day of life, and again, when they were tested later, on their fourthday of life. babies whose mothers did not eat anise during pregnancy showed areaction that translated roughly as "yuck." what this means is that fetuses areeffectively being taught by their mothers about what is safe and good to eat.fetuses are also being taught about the particular culture that they'll bejoining through one of culture's most powerful e_pressions, which is food.they're being introduced to the characteristic flavors and spices of theirculture's cuisine even before birth.

　　now it turns out that fetuses are learning even bigger lessons. but beforei get to that, i want to address something that you may be wondering about. thenotion of fetal learning may conjure up for you attempts to enrich the fetus --like playing mozart through headphones placed on a pregnant belly. but actually,the nine-month-long process of molding and shaping that goes on in the womb is alot more visceral and consequential than that. much of what a pregnant womanencounters in her daily life -- the air she breathes, the food and drink sheconsumes, the chemicals she's e_posed to, even the emotions she feels -- areshared in some fashion with her fetus. they make up a mi_ of influences asindividual and idiosyncratic as the woman herself. the fetus incorporates theseofferings into its own body, makes them part of its flesh and blood. and oftenit does something more. it treats these maternal contributions as information,as what i like to call biological postcards from the world outside.

　　so what a fetus is learning about in utero is not mozart's "magic flute"but answers to questions much more critical to its survival. will it be borninto a world of abundance or scarcity? will it be safe and protected, or will itface constant dangers and threats? will it live a long, fruitful life or ashort, harried one? the pregnant woman's diet and stress level in particularprovide important clues to prevailing conditions like a finger lifted to thewind. the resulting tuning and tweaking of a fetus' brain and other organs arepart of what give us humans our enormous fle_ibility, our ability to thrive in ahuge variety of environments, from the country to the city, from the tundra tothe desert.

　　to conclude, i want to tell you two stories about how mothers teach theirchildren about the world even before they're born. in the autumn of 1944, thedarkest days of world war ii, german troops blockaded western holland, turningaway all shipments of food. the opening of the nazi's siege was followed by oneof the harshest winters in decades -- so cold the water in the canals frozesolid. soon food became scarce, with many dutch surviving on just 500 calories aday -- a quarter of what they consumed before the war. as weeks of deprivationstretched into months, some resorted to eating tulip bulbs. by the beginning ofmay, the nation's carefully rationed food reserve was completely e_hausted. thespecter of mass starvation loomed. and then on may 5th, 1945, the siege came toa sudden end when holland was liberated by the allies.

　　the "hunger winter," as it came to be known, killed some 10,000 people andweakened thousands more. but there was another population that was affected --the 40,000 fetuses in utero during the siege. some of the effects ofmalnutrition during pregnancy were immediately apparent in higher rates ofstillbirths, birth defects, low birth weights and infant mortality. but otherswouldn't be discovered for many years. decades after the "hunger winter,"researchers documented that people whose mothers were pregnant during the siegehave more obesity, more diabetes and more heart disease in later life thanindividuals who were gestated under normal conditions. these individuals'prenatal e_perience of starvation seems to have changed their bodies in myriadways. they have higher blood pressure, poorer cholesterol profiles and reducedglucose tolerance -- a precursor of diabetes.

　　why would undernutrition in the womb result in disease later? onee_planation is that fetuses are making the best of a bad situation. when food isscarce, they divert nutrients towards the really critical organ, the brain, andaway from other organs like the heart and liver. this keeps the fetus alive inthe short-term, but the bill comes due later on in life when those other organs,deprived early on, become more susceptible to disease.

　　but that may not be all that's going on. it seems that fetuses are takingcues from the intrauterine environment and tailoring their physiologyaccordingly. they're preparing themselves for the kind of world they willencounter on the other side of the womb. the fetus adjusts its metabolism andother physiological processes in anticipation of the environment that awaits it.and the basis of the fetus' prediction is what its mother eats. the meals apregnant woman consumes constitute a kind of story, a fairy tale of abundance ora grim chronicle of deprivation. this story imparts information that the fetususes to organize its body and its systems -- an adaptation to prevailingcircumstances that facilitates its future survival. faced with severely limitedresources, a smaller-sized child with reduced energy requirements will, in fact,have a better chance of living to adulthood.

　　the real trouble comes when pregnant women are, in a sense, unreliablenarrators, when fetuses are led to e_pect a world of scarcity and are borninstead into a world of plenty. this is what happened to the children of thedutch "hunger winter." and their higher rates of obesity, diabetes and heartdisease are the result. bodies that were built to hang onto every calorie foundthemselves swimming in the superfluous calories of the post-war western diet.the world they had learned about while in utero was not the same as the worldinto which they were born.

　　here's another story. at 8:46 a.m. on september 11th, __, there were tensof thousands of people in the vicinity of the world trade center in new york --commuters spilling off trains, waitresses setting tables for the morning rush,brokers already working the phones on wall street. 1,700 of these people werepregnant women. when the planes struck and the towers collapsed, many of thesewomen e_perienced the same horrors inflicted on other survivors of the disaster-- the overwhelming chaos and confusion, the rolling clouds of potentially to_icdust and debris, the heart-pounding fear for their lives.

　　about a year after 9/11, researchers e_amined a group of women who werepregnant when they were e_posed to the world trade center attack. in the babiesof those women who developed post-traumatic stress syndrome, or ptsd, followingtheir ordeal, researchers discovered a biological marker of susceptibility toptsd -- an effect that was most pronounced in infants whose mothers e_periencedthe catastrophe in their third trimester. in other words, the mothers withpost-traumatic stress syndrome had passed on a vulnerability to the condition totheir children while they were still in utero.

　　now consider this: post-traumatic stress syndrome appears to be a reactionto stress gone very wrong, causing its victims tremendous unnecessary suffering.but there's another way of thinking about ptsd. what looks like pathology to usmay actually be a useful adaptation in some circumstances. in a particularlydangerous environment, the characteristic manifestations of ptsd -- ahyper-awareness of one's surroundings, a quick-trigger response to danger --could save someone's life. the notion that the prenatal transmission of ptsdrisk is adaptive is still speculative, but i find it rather poignant. it wouldmean that, even before birth, mothers are warning their children that it's awild world out there, telling them, "be careful."

　　let me be clear. fetal origins research is not about blaming women for whathappens during pregnancy. it's about discovering how best to promote the healthand well-being of the ne_t generation. that important effort must include afocus on what fetuses learn during the nine months they spend in the womb.learning is one of life's most essential activities, and it begins much earlierthan we ever imagined.

　　thank you.

ted演講篇21

　　TED演講-論生物多樣性

　　愛德華·威爾遜

　　生物多樣性之感

　　潘俞宏

　　I was appreciated by Edward Wilson’s on biological diversity. He introduce the biological diversity and wish we could build up the Encyclopedia of Life to preserve lift. That’s also my wish. We all know that many species disappear every years and Human-forced climate change alone again, if unabated could eliminate a quarter of surviving species during the next five decades. In normal, one specie would turn into a different form or disappear on the earth finally, but it may take a long time. However it become faster because of the environment pollution.

　　What I want to say is that biological diversity is a valuable wealth of all human beings and provide a good environment for the survival of mankind. It is the foundation of human society's survival and development. At the same time, people rely on the ecological system to purify air, water, etc.

　　All nature Creatures are interdependent and mutually restricted. The vast of one specie indicates that many species are about to die, but we could do nothing. Now it’s time for us to do something, not only the Encyclopedia of Life, just all what we can do. To search for life, to understand it and finally, above all, to preserve it.

ted演講篇22

　　簡(jiǎn)介：殘奧會(huì)短跑冠軍aimeemullins天生沒(méi)有腓骨，從小就要學(xué)習(xí)靠義肢走路和奔跑。如今，她不僅是短跑選手、演員、模特，還是一位穩(wěn)健的演講者。她不喜歡字典中“disabled”這個(gè)詞，因?yàn)樨?fù)面詞匯足以毀掉一個(gè)人。但是，坦然面對(duì)不幸，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)等待你的是更多的機(jī)會(huì)。

　　i'd like to share with you a discovery that i made a few months ago whilewriting an article for italian wired. i always keep my thesaurus handy wheneveri'm writing anything, but i'd already finished editing the piece, and i realizedthat i had never once in my life looked up the word "disabled" to see what i'dfind.

　　let me read you the entry. "disabled, adjective: crippled, helpless,useless, wrecked, stalled, maimed, wounded, mangled, lame, mutilated, run-down,worn-out, weakened, impotent, castrated, paralyzed, handicapped, senile,decrepit, laid-up, done-up, done-for, done-in cracked-up, counted-out; see alsohurt, useless and weak. antonyms, healthy, strong, capable." i was reading thislist out loud to a friend and at first was laughing, it was so ludicrous, buti'd just gotten past "mangled," and my voice broke, and i had to stop andcollect myself from the emotional shock and impact that the assault from thesewords unleashed.

　　you know, of course, this is my raggedy old thesaurus so i'm thinking thismust be an ancient print date, right? but, in fact, the print date was the early1980s, when i would have been starting primary school and forming anunderstanding of myself outside the family unit and as related to the other kidsand the world around me. and, needless to say, thank god i wasn't using athesaurus back then. i mean, from this entry, it would seem that i was born intoa world that perceived someone like me to have nothing positive whatsoever goingfor them, when in fact, today i'm celebrated for the opportunities andadventures my life has procured.

　　so, i immediately went to look up the __ online edition, e_pecting to finda revision worth noting. here's the updated version of this entry.unfortunately, it's not much better. i find the last two words under "nearantonyms," particularly unsettling: "whole" and "wholesome."

　　so, it's not just about the words. it's what we believe about people whenwe name them with these words. it's about the values behind the words, and howwe construct those values. our language affects our thinking and how we view theworld and how we view other people. in fact, many ancient societies, includingthe greeks and the romans, believed that to utter a curse verbally was sopowerful, because to say the thing out loud brought it into e_istence. so, whatreality do we want to call into e_istence: a person who is limited, or a personwho's empowered? by casually doing something as simple as naming a person, achild, we might be putting lids and casting shadows on their power. wouldn't wewant to open doors for them instead?

　　one such person who opened doors for me was my childhood doctor at the a.i.dupont institute in wilmington, delaware. his name was dr. pizzutillo, anitalian american, whose name, apparently, was too difficult for most americansto pronounce, so he went by dr. p. and dr. p always wore really colorful bowties and had the very perfect disposition to work with children.

　　i loved almost everything about my time spent at this hospital, with thee_ception of my physical therapy sessions. i had to do what seemed likeinnumerable repetitions of e_ercises with these thick, elastic bands --different colors, you know -- to help build up my leg muscles, and i hated thesebands more than anything -- i hated them, had names for them. i hated them. and,you know, i was already bargaining, as a five year-old child, with dr. p to tryto get out of doing these e_ercises, unsuccessfully, of course. and, one day, hecame in to my session -- e_haustive and unforgiving, these sessions -- and hesaid to me, "wow. aimee, you are such a strong and powerful little girl, i thinkyou're going to break one of those bands. when you do break it, i'm going togive you a hundred bucks."

　　now, of course, this was a simple ploy on dr. p's part to get me to do thee_ercises i didn't want to do before the prospect of being the richestfive-year-old in the second floor ward, but what he effectively did for me wasreshape an awful daily occurrence into a new and promising e_perience for me.and i have to wonder today to what e_tent his vision and his declaration of meas a strong and powerful little girl shaped my own view of myself as aninherently strong, powerful and athletic person well into the future.

　　this is an e_ample of how adults in positions of power can ignite the powerof a child. but, in the previous instances of those thesaurus entries, ourlanguage isn't allowing us to evolve into the reality that we would all want,the possibility of an individual to see themselves as capable. our languagehasn't caught up with the changes in our society, many of which have beenbrought about by technology. certainly, from a medical standpoint, my legs,laser surgery for vision impairment, titanium knees and hip replacements foraging bodies that are allowing people to more fully engage with their abilities,and move beyond the limits that nature has imposed on them -- not to mentionsocial networking platforms allow people to self-identify, to claim their owndescriptions of themselves, so they can go align with global groups of their ownchoosing. so, perhaps technology is revealing more clearly to us now what hasalways been a truth: that everyone has something rare and powerful to offer oursociety, and that the human ability to adapt is our greatest asset.

　　the human ability to adapt, it's an interesting thing, because people havecontinually wanted to talk to me about overcoming adversity, and i'm going tomake an admission: this phrase never sat right with me, and i always felt uneasytrying to answer people's questions about it, and i think i'm starting to figureout why. implicit in this phrase of "overcoming adversity" is the idea thatsuccess, or happiness, is about emerging on the other side of a challenginge_perience unscathed or unmarked by the e_perience, as if my successes in lifehave come about from an ability to sidestep or circumnavigate the presumedpitfalls of a life with prosthetics, or what other people perceive as mydisability. but, in fact, we are changed. we are marked, of course, by achallenge, whether physically, emotionally or both. and i'm going to suggestthat this is a good thing. adversity isn't an obstacle that we need to getaround in order to resume living our life. it's part of our life. and i tend tothink of it like my shadow. sometimes i see a lot of it, sometimes there's verylittle, but it's always with me. and, certainly, i'm not trying to diminish theimpact, the weight, of a person's struggle.

　　there is adversity and challenge in life, and it's all very real andrelative to every single person, but the question isn't whether or not you'regoing to meet adversity, but how you're going to meet it. so, our responsibilityis not simply shielding those we care for from adversity, but preparing them tomeet it well. and we do a disservice to our kids when we make them feel thatthey're not equipped to adapt. there's an important difference and distinctionbetween the objective medical fact of my being an amputee and the subjectivesocietal opinion of whether or not i'm disabled. and, truthfully, the only realand consistent disability i've had to confront is the world ever thinking that icould be described by those definitions.

　　in our desire to protect those we care about by giving them the cold, hardtruth about their medical prognosis, or, indeed, a prognosis on the e_pectedquality of their life, we have to make sure that we don't put the first brick ina wall that will actually disable someone. perhaps the e_isting model of onlylooking at what is broken in you and how do we fi_ it, serves to be moredisabling to the individual than the pathology itself.

　　by not treating the wholeness of a person, by not acknowledging theirpotency, we are creating another ill on top of whatever natural struggle theymight have. we are effectively grading someone's worth to our community. so weneed to see through the pathology and into the range of human capability. and,most importantly, there's a partnership between those perceived deficiencies andour greatest creative ability. so it's not about devaluing, or negating, thesemore trying times as something we want to avoid or sweep under the rug, butinstead to find those opportunities wrapped in the adversity. so maybe the ideai want to put out there is not so much overcoming adversity as it is openingourselves up to it, embracing it, grappling with it, to use a wrestling term,maybe even dancing with it. and, perhaps, if we see adversity as natural,consistent and useful, we're less burdened by the presence of it.

　　this year we celebrate the 200th birthday of charles darwin, and it was 150years ago, when writing about evolution, that darwin illustrated, i think, atruth about the human character. to paraphrase: it's not the strongest of thespecies that survives, nor is it the most intelligent that survives; it is theone that is most adaptable to change. conflict is the genesis of creation. fromdarwin's work, amongst others, we can recognize that the human ability tosurvive and flourish is driven by the struggle of the human spirit throughconflict into transformation. so, again, transformation, adaptation, is ourgreatest human skill. and, perhaps, until we're tested, we don't know what we'remade of. maybe that's what adversity gives us: a sense of self, a sense of ourown power. so, we can give ourselves a gift. we can re-imagine adversity assomething more than just tough times. maybe we can see it as change. adversityis just change that we haven't adapted ourselves to yet.

　　i think the greatest adversity that we've created for ourselves is thisidea of normalcy. now, who's normal? there's no normal. there's common, there'stypical. there's no normal, and would you want to meet that poor, beige personif they e_isted? (laughter) i don't think so. if we can change this paradigmfrom one of achieving normalcy to one of possibility -- or potency, to be even alittle bit more dangerous -- we can release the power of so many more children,and invite them to engage their rare and valuable abilities with thecommunity.

　　anthropologists tell us that the one thing we as humans have alwaysrequired of our community members is to be of use, to be able to contribute.there's evidence that neanderthals, 60,000 years ago, carried their elderly andthose with serious physical injury, and perhaps it's because the life e_perienceof survival of these people proved of value to the community. they didn't viewthese people as broken and useless; they were seen as rare and valuable.

　　a few years ago, i was in a food market in the town where i grew up in thatred zone in northeastern pennsylvania, and i was standing over a bushel oftomatoes. it was summertime: i had shorts on. i hear this guy, his voice behindme say, "well, if it isn't aimee mullins." and i turn around, and it's thisolder man. i have no idea who he is.

　　and i said, "i'm sorry, sir, have we met? i don't remember meetingyou."

　　he said, "well, you wouldn't remember meeting me. i mean, when we met i wasdelivering you from your mother's womb." (laughter) oh, that guy. and, but ofcourse, actually, it did click.

　　this man was dr. kean, a man that i had only known about through mymother's stories of that day, because, of course, typical fashion, i arrivedlate for my birthday by two weeks. and so my mother's prenatal physician hadgone on vacation, so the man who delivered me was a complete stranger to myparents. and, because i was born without the fibula bones, and had feet turnedin, and a few toes in this foot and a few toes in that, he had to be the bearer-- this stranger had to be the bearer of bad news.

　　he said to me, "i had to give this prognosis to your parents that you wouldnever walk, and you would never have the kind of mobility that other kids haveor any kind of life of independence, and you've been making liar out of me eversince." (laughter) (applause)

　　the e_traordinary thing is that he said he had saved newspaper clippingsthroughout my whole childhood, whether winning a second grade spelling bee,marching with the girl scouts, you know, the halloween parade, winning mycollege scholarship, or any of my sports victories, and he was using it, andintegrating it into teaching resident students, med students from hahnemannmedical school and hershey medical school. and he called this part of the coursethe _ factor, the potential of the human will. no prognosis can account for howpowerful this could be as a determinant in the quality of someone's life. anddr. kean went on to tell me, he said, "in my e_perience, unless repeatedly toldotherwise, and even if given a modicum of support, if left to their own devices,a child will achieve."

　　see, dr. kean made that shift in thinking. he understood that there's adifference between the medical condition and what someone might do with it. andthere's been a shift in my thinking over time, in that, if you had asked me at15 years old, if i would have traded prosthetics for flesh-and-bone legs, iwouldn't have hesitated for a second. i aspired to that kind of normalcy backthen. but if you ask me today, i'm not so sure. and it's because of thee_periences i've had with them, not in spite of the e_periences i've had withthem. and perhaps this shift in me has happened because i've been e_posed tomore people who have opened doors for me than those who have put lids and castshadows on me.

　　see, all you really need is one person to show you the epiphany of your ownpower, and you're off. if you can hand somebody the key to their own power --the human spirit is so receptive -- if you can do that and open a door forsomeone at a crucial moment, you are educating them in the best sense. you'reteaching them to open doors for themselves. in fact, the e_act meaning of theword "educate" comes from the root word "educe." it means "to bring forth whatis within, to bring out potential." so again, which potential do we want tobring out?

　　there was a case study done in 1960s britain, when they were moving fromgrammar schools to comprehensive schools. it's called the streaming trials. wecall it "tracking" here in the states. it's separating students from a, b, c, dand so on. and the "a students" get the tougher curriculum, the best teachers,etc. well, they took, over a three-month period, d-level students, gave thema's, told them they were "a's," told them they were bright, and at the end ofthis three-month period, they were performing at a-level.

　　and, of course, the heartbreaking, flip side of this study, is that theytook the "a students" and told them they were "d's." and that's what happened atthe end of that three-month period. those who were still around in school,besides the people who had dropped out. a crucial part of this case study wasthat the teachers were duped too. the teachers didn't know a switch had beenmade. they were simply told, "these are the 'a-students,' these are the'd-students.'" and that's how they went about teaching them and treatingthem.

　　so, i think that the only true disability is a crushed spirit, a spiritthat's been crushed doesn't have hope, it doesn't see beauty, it no longer hasour natural, childlike curiosity and our innate ability to imagine. if instead,we can bolster a human spirit to keep hope, to see beauty in themselves andothers, to be curious and imaginative, then we are truly using our power well.when a spirit has those qualities, we are able to create new realities and newways of being.

　　i'd like to leave you with a poem by a fourteenth-century persian poetnamed hafiz that my friend, jacques dembois told me about, and the poem iscalled "the god who only knows four words": "every child has known god, not thegod of names, not the god of don'ts, but the god who only knows four words andkeeps repeating them, saying, 'come dance with me. come, dance with me. come,dance with me.'"

　　thank you. (applause)

ted演講篇23

　　春天到了，青蛙又開始“呱呱”地唱歌了，我發(fā)現(xiàn)又有人在田野里開始捕捉青蛙了，使青蛙成為那些人的“盤餐中”，我感到非常痛心。

　　青蛙是動(dòng)物世界中最出色的“莊稼的保護(hù)神”。它頭上那兩只圓而突出的眼睛，能讓它看清莊稼天敵，但捉害蟲全靠它又長(zhǎng)又寬的舌頭，舌根長(zhǎng)口腔的前面，舌尖向那么一伸，快速地伸長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的舌頭，一下子把害蟲粘住，然后吃掉。青蛙的背上有綠色的深色花紋，腹部是白色，能幫它逃脫天敵血盆大口。身體下面有四條腿，前腿短，后腿長(zhǎng)。青蛙是兩棲動(dòng)物，不僅能在地上跳，而且也能在水里游。

　　青蛙吃蒼蠅，蚊子，蝗蟲，小飛娥等害蟲，一天大約能吃掉120只，半年下來(lái)就能吃掉15000只，這是多么大的功勞哇!就連青蛙的幼蟲 ------蝌蚪也能消滅許多害蟲哩!真不愧“莊稼的保護(hù)神”，農(nóng)民伯伯的好助手呀!

　　從現(xiàn)在開始，我們一起保護(hù)“莊稼的保護(hù)神”------ 青蛙吧!讓我們共同保護(hù)[動(dòng)物]生態(tài)平衡!

ted演講篇24

　　人的一生在世間浮沉，難免會(huì)迷失方向、迷失自己。因而，能夠時(shí)刻正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己，就顯得尤為重要。蘇格拉底曾說(shuō)：“美德即知識(shí)，認(rèn)識(shí)你自己�！边@恰恰說(shuō)明了，能夠正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己，也是一種至高無(wú)上的美德。

　　有的時(shí)候，人們迷失了自己，只是無(wú)法找尋到自己真實(shí)的存在，不知道自己存在的意義和價(jià)值，因而對(duì)人生感到迷茫。這個(gè)時(shí)候，只需要繼續(xù)尋找，總能夠找到前進(jìn)的方向。然而有的時(shí)候，人們迷失了自己之后，不去尋找真實(shí)的自己，反而把自己臆想成另一種存在，然后就以那種存在的姿態(tài)去繼續(xù)自己的人生。那種時(shí)候，人們就很難再找回自己，甚至?xí)呱弦粭l極端的不歸路。

　　就如同古代帝王，相信每一任帝王在登基之初都是想做一任明君造福百姓的。但是有的帝王會(huì)因?yàn)闄?quán)欲熏心，真的把自己當(dāng)成神，可以主宰終生，最終背離了自己的初衷。紂王要剖比干之心，厲王要“止謗”，連一代圣君唐太宗也差點(diǎn)殺掉勇于勸諫的魏征。由此可見，不能正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己的后果是多么可怕。這也說(shuō)明了，正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己，有的時(shí)候幫助的甚至不僅僅是自己。

　　但是，在人生迷茫之后，還能正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己，真的那么困難嗎?

　　其實(shí)，正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己，只需要自己足夠虛心，能夠聽取別人的意見和建議，有去正視自己和改過(guò)自新的勇氣便可。

　　齊王在聽了鄒忌的勸諫之后，立刻認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的不足，下令改革。法國(guó)作家盧梭，他的《懺悔錄》是一部空前絕后的“靈魂自白書”，他在書中真實(shí)地記錄了他的一生，包括他曾做過(guò)小偷、拋棄摯友、嫁禍他人的種.種丑行。讀此《懺悔錄》時(shí)常令人感到觸目驚心，因?yàn)楫?dāng)他把自己剖析得體無(wú)完膚的時(shí)候，就是他真正認(rèn)識(shí)自己、超越了自己的時(shí)候。

　　所以說(shuō)，有的時(shí)候，正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己，只需要自己思維的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變，但就是這樣一個(gè)小小的轉(zhuǎn)變，帶來(lái)的影響卻可以是不可估量的。對(duì)于個(gè)人而言，正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己可以幫助自己更好地發(fā)展，有時(shí)也可以造福身邊的人。而對(duì)于統(tǒng)治階級(jí)而言，正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己，就可以造福整個(gè)國(guó)家，給整個(gè)社會(huì)帶去寧?kù)o安樂(lè)。

　　人生來(lái)不就是為了找到自己真實(shí)的存在嗎?所以，正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己吧。

ted演講篇25

　　認(rèn)識(shí)自我，是人生一道重要的關(guān)卡，是人生的重要轉(zhuǎn)折。一個(gè)人若能正確的認(rèn)識(shí)了自我，那么在人生路上也便不會(huì)迷茫。古希臘人曾把“認(rèn)識(shí)自我”作為最高的智慧的象征，阿波羅神殿的大門上寫著這樣的一句話：要認(rèn)識(shí)你自己

　　對(duì)自我的錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)知就有著錯(cuò)誤的作為，所以要認(rèn)識(shí)自我。一個(gè)人如果對(duì)于自己的認(rèn)知都存在著錯(cuò)誤的認(rèn)知，那么將會(huì)作出錯(cuò)誤的抉擇。因?yàn)檎J(rèn)知自己便是一種重要的精神意識(shí)，它幾乎是任何事的出發(fā)點(diǎn)，人的所作所為均以自我認(rèn)知為基礎(chǔ)。譬如富人就會(huì)認(rèn)知道自己富有，消費(fèi)的時(shí)候就會(huì)大手筆，窮人則會(huì)盡量的節(jié)省。試想如果一個(gè)窮人錯(cuò)誤的認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)富人，那么他的行為也可向而知了。

　　清晰正確的認(rèn)識(shí)自我，將成為人生的一大助力，所以要認(rèn)知自我。既然認(rèn)知自我是行為的出發(fā)點(diǎn)，那么清晰的認(rèn)知將會(huì)令出發(fā)點(diǎn)更前。如果一個(gè)人能清楚的知道自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)與劣勢(shì)，那么便能清晰的清楚自己該做什么。修補(bǔ)自己的劣勢(shì)，發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)，就能令事情一帆風(fēng)順。

　　既然認(rèn)識(shí)自我有著如此重要的，那么應(yīng)該如何認(rèn)知自我呢?首先就是他人的評(píng)價(jià)，他人客觀的評(píng)價(jià)，往往會(huì)帶來(lái)重要的信息，自己的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。并且理解他人對(duì)自己的評(píng)價(jià)，同時(shí)也能夠從他人的身上吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)。最重要的就是自省，這是一個(gè)不可缺失的環(huán)節(jié)。不論他人如何評(píng)價(jià)自己，如果本身都不自省的話，那么那些都將成為廢話。客觀和主管的結(jié)合，才能更充分更正確的認(rèn)知自己。

ted演講篇26

　　I grew up diagnosed as phobically shy,

　　我從小就有社交恐懼癥

　　and like at least 20 other people in a room of this size,

　　這樣的空間大約20人

　　I was a stutterer.

　　就能讓以前的我結(jié)巴語(yǔ)塞

　　Do you dare raise your hand?

　　更別提舉手了根本不可能

　　And it sticks with us.

　　這種困擾如影隨形

　　It really does stick with us,

　　你走到哪它就跟到哪

　　because when we are treated that way,

　　當(dāng)大家對(duì)你的存在視若無(wú)睹

　　we feel invisible sometimes,

　　你會(huì)開始感覺自己是隱形人

　　or talked around and at.

　　而別人都在你背后竊竊私語(yǔ)

　　And as I started to look at people,

　　后來(lái)我仔細(xì)去觀察周遭的人

　　which is mostly all I did,

　　一直以來(lái)我都只敢默默觀察

　　I noticed that some people really wanted attention

　　然后發(fā)現(xiàn)有些人無(wú)法忍受被忽視

　　and recognition.

　　他們要得到大家的注意力和認(rèn)同

　　Remember, I was young then.

　　當(dāng)時(shí)我年輕、懵懂

　　So what did they do? What we still do perhaps too often?

　　渴望注意力的人會(huì)做什么? 也許現(xiàn)在太多人在做一樣的事而不自知

　　We talk about ourselves.

　　他們談?wù)摰某３６际亲约?/p>

　　And yet there are other people I observed who had what I called a mutualitymindset.

　　但另一批人就不同了我說(shuō)他們的人際關(guān)系往往有一種“互相”的心態(tài)

　　In each situation, they found a way to talk about us and create that “us”idea.

　　無(wú)論什么場(chǎng)合他們的談話里都會(huì)出現(xiàn)“我們”這個(gè)概念

　　So my idea to reimagine the world is to see it one where we all becomegreater opportunity-makers with and for others.

　　在我心目中的理想世界每個(gè)人都能為自己和別人創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)

　　There’s no greater opportunity or call for action for us now

　　就是現(xiàn)在我們必須把握良機(jī)、采取行動(dòng)

　　than to become opportunity-makers who use best talents together more oftenfor the greater good

　　多去整合各種才能盡可能的利益他人

　　and accomplish things we couldn’t have done on our own.

　　一人做不到的多人或許有辦法

　　And I want to talk to you about that,

　　這就是我今天的重點(diǎn)

　　cause even more than giving,

　　比單純給予

　　even more than giving,

　　施舍、捐贈(zèng)更有影響力的

　　is the capacity for us to do something smarter together

　　就是人們學(xué)會(huì)集思廣益

　　for the greater good that lifts us both up

　　共同合作創(chuàng)造雙贏局面

　　and that can scale.

　　其中的利益會(huì)一層層積累

　　That’s why I’m sitting here.

　　這是我今天演講的重點(diǎn)

　　But I also want to point something else out.

　　不過(guò)我還想說(shuō)一件事

　　Each one of you is better than anybody else at something.

　　臺(tái)下的你必定在某些事上比其他人都拿手

　　That disproves that popular notion that if you’re the smartest person inthe room,

　　和那句名言“你絕不是這里最厲害的人”

　　you’re in the wrong room.

　　恰恰相反

　　So let me tell you about a Hollywood party I went to a couple yearsback,

　　我在幾年前的一個(gè)好萊塢聚會(huì)上

　　and I met this up-and-coming actress,

　　遇見了位有潛力的女演員

　　and we were soon talking about something that we both felt passionatelyabout,

　　我們很快就找到共同話題-

　　public art.

　　公共藝術(shù)

　　And she had the fervent belief that every new building in Los Angeles

　　她堅(jiān)信洛杉磯的每棟建筑里

　　should have public art in it. She wanted a regulation for it,

　　都應(yīng)該有公共藝術(shù) 她想要一套專屬公共藝術(shù)的規(guī)范

　　and she fervently started,

　　所以她興忡忡的著手進(jìn)行

　　What is here from Chicago?

　　這里有誰(shuí)是芝加哥人嗎?

　　She fervently started talking about these bean-shaped reflective sculpturesin Millennium Park,

　　她滔滔不絕的說(shuō)著千禧公園里的云門雕塑

　　and people would walk up to it

　　人們好奇的上前一探究竟

　　and they’d smile in the reflection of it,

　　看著自己的映像微笑

　　and they’d pose and they’d vamp and they’d take selfies together

　　擺pose、贊嘆、自拍留念

　　and they’d laugh.

　　然后笑成一團(tuán)

　　And as she was talking, a thought came to my mind.

　　聽著聽著我突然靈光乍現(xiàn)

　　I said, “I know someone you ought to meet.

　　我告訴她: “妳應(yīng)該見見這個(gè)人

　　He’s getting out of San Quentin in a couple of weeks

　　再幾周他就要從圣昆丁州立監(jiān)獄出來(lái)了

　　and he shares your fervent desire that art should engage and enable peopleto connect.”

　　他跟妳一樣覺得藝術(shù)應(yīng)該讓人有共鳴、激發(fā)想像力”

　　He spent five years in solitary,

　　他被單獨(dú)監(jiān)禁了五年

　　and I met him because I gave a speech at San Quentin,

　　我因?yàn)樵谑ダザ⊙葜v 而與他結(jié)識(shí)

　　and he’s articulate

　　他口條不錯(cuò)

　　and he’s rather easy on the eyes

　　長(zhǎng)的也不賴

　　because he’s buff. He had workout regime he did everyday.

　　因?yàn)樗菞l熱愛健身的漢子

　　I think she was following me at that point.

　　女演員大概還滿有興趣的

　　I said, “he’d be an une_pected ally.”

　　我又說(shuō): “他會(huì)是個(gè)得力助手”

　　And not just that. There’s James. He’s an architect

　　除了他之外我把詹姆也拉進(jìn)來(lái) 詹姆是建筑師

　　and he’s a professor,

　　也是個(gè)教授

　　and he loves place-making, and place-making is when you have thosemini-plazas

　　他對(duì)地方營(yíng)造很有興趣外頭的小廣場(chǎng)、

　　and those urban walkways

　　城市人行道

　　and where they’re dotted with art,

　　任何有藝術(shù)點(diǎn)綴的地方都屬于地方營(yíng)造的范疇

　　where people draw and come up and talk sometimes.

　　許多人會(huì)在那兒畫畫、閑聊

　　I think they’d make good allies.

　　我想他們一定能合作無(wú)間

　　And indeed they were.

　　果真沒(méi)錯(cuò)

　　They met together. They prepared.

　　他們碰面之后就開始籌備

　　They spoke in front of the Lost Angeles City Council.

　　到洛杉磯市政府傳達(dá)訴求

　　And the council members not only passed the regulation,

　　結(jié)果市議員通過(guò)了他們訂的條例

　　half of them came down and asked to pose with them afterwards.

　　之后甚至半數(shù)議員還去與藝術(shù)品合影

　　They were startling, compelling and credible.

　　他們給人的印象是震懾、具說(shuō)服力、可靠

　　You can’t buy that.

　　全都是用錢買不到的

　　What I’m asking you to consider is what kind of opportunity-makers we mightbecome,

　　希望各位想想自己能成為哪種機(jī)會(huì)制造者

　　because more than wealth

　　比財(cái)富、

　　or fancy titles

　　頭銜、

　　or a lot of contacts,

　　人脈更可觀的

　　it’s our capacity to connect around each other’s better side and bring itout.

　　是我們發(fā)掘他人優(yōu)點(diǎn)的能力

　　And I’m not saying this is easy,

　　這一點(diǎn)都不容易

　　and I’m sure many of you have made the wrong moves too about who you wantedto connect with,

　　相信許多人都有找錯(cuò)對(duì)象、牽錯(cuò)線的經(jīng)驗(yàn)

　　but what I want to suggest is, this is an opportunity.

　　但畢竟都是個(gè)“機(jī)會(huì)”

　　I started thinking about it way back when I was a Wall Street Journalreporter and I was in Europe

　　這個(gè)領(lǐng)悟要從好幾年前說(shuō)起當(dāng)時(shí)我在歐洲擔(dān)任華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)記者

　　and I was supposed to cover trends and trends that transcended business orpolitics or lifestyle.

　　采訪內(nèi)容為時(shí)尚與流行跨越商業(yè)、政治、生活型態(tài)隔閡的流行

　　So I had to have contacts in different worlds very different than mine,

　　因此得和背景截然不同的人打交道

　　because otherwise you couldn’t spot the trends.

　　否則就無(wú)法掌握潮流走向

　　And third, I had to write a story in a way stepping into the reader’sshoes,

　　寫故事時(shí) 還得設(shè)身處地為讀者想

　　they could see how these trends could affect their lives.

　　要讓他們覺得自己和這些潮流息息相關(guān)

　　That’s what opportunity-makers do.

　　這就是機(jī)會(huì)制造者的任務(wù)

　　And here’s a strange thing:

　　奇怪之處在于

　　Unlike an increasing number of Americans who are working and living andplaying with people who think e_actly like them

　　越來(lái)越多人工作、生活、娛樂(lè)都喜歡尋找與自己相似的人

　　because we then become more rigid and e_treme,

　　久而久之就變得挑剔、極端起來(lái)

　　opportunity-makers are actively seeking situations with people unlikethem,

　　機(jī)會(huì)制造者尋找與自己不相似的人

　　and they’re building relationships,

　　和他們建立關(guān)系

　　and because they do that,

　　這樣做的話

　　they have trusted relationships where they can bring the right team in

　　兩方之間就有互信能在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)介紹彼此適當(dāng)?shù)娜?/p>

　　and recruit them to solve a problem better and faster and seize moreopportunities.

　　用更快、更好的方法解決問(wèn)題同時(shí)也抓住了更多機(jī)會(huì)

　　They’re not affronted by differences.

　　機(jī)會(huì)創(chuàng)造者不會(huì)被歧異冒犯

　　They’re fascinated by them,

　　反而深受吸引

　　and that is a huge shift in mindset,

　　這是心態(tài)上的極端不同

　　and once you feel it, you want it to happen a lot more.

　　你一旦意識(shí)到就會(huì)為它的魅力著迷

　　This world is calling out for us to have a collective mindset,

　　和別人形成“共同體”才是王道

　　and I believe in doing that.

　　我個(gè)人深信

　　It’s especially important now.

　　攜手合作在這世代特別重要

　　Why is it important now?

　　為什么呢?

　　Because things can be devised like drones

　　機(jī)器小幫手

　　and drugs and data collection,

　　藥物開發(fā)、數(shù)據(jù)收集

　　and they can be devised by more people.

　　都可以讓更多人參與其中

　　and cheaper ways for beneficial purposes

　　用更經(jīng)濟(jì)的方式創(chuàng)造收益

　　and then, as we know from the news every day, they can be used fordangerous ones.

　　只是水能載舟亦能復(fù)舟也可能被有心人士利用

　　It calls on us, each of us, to a higher calling.

　　這個(gè)理念非常需要大家的重視

　　But here’s the icing on the cake:

　　成為機(jī)會(huì)制造者是一箭雙雕

　　It’s not just the first opportunity that you do with somebody else that’sprobably your greatest,

　　除了獲得和更高竿對(duì)象合作的機(jī)會(huì)

　　as an institution or an individual.

　　無(wú)論對(duì)于機(jī)構(gòu)或個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)

　　It’s after you’ve had that e_perience and you trust each other.

　　都是開啟了這扇門建立信任后

　　It’s the une_pected things that you devise later on you never could havepredicted.

　　團(tuán)隊(duì)合作帶來(lái)的驚人成果

　　For e_ample, Marty is the husband of that actress I mentioned,

　　麥迪是那位女演員的丈夫

　　and he watched them when they were practicing,

　　詹姆等三人排練時(shí) 他就在旁邊看

　　and he was soon talking to Wally, my friend the e_-con,

　　并很快和韋利聊開了就是剛出獄的那位

　　about that e_ercise regime.

　　大概在聊健身吧?

　　And he thought, I have a set of racquetball courts.

　　麥迪心想: “我有個(gè)壁球館

　　That guy could teach it. A lot of people who work there are members at mycourts.

　　韋利可以來(lái)當(dāng)教練很多教練都是體育館的會(huì)員

　　They’re frequent travelers.

　　他們很常來(lái)我這邊

　　They could practice in their hotel room, no equipment provided.

　　旅館房間里沒(méi)有設(shè)備也照樣能練習(xí)”

　　That’s how Wally got hired.

　　韋利就這樣得到了板球教練的工作

　　Not only that, years later he was also teaching racquetball.

　　幾年后他也開始教壁球?qū)W生

　　Years after that, he was teaching the racquetball teachers.

　　再過(guò)了幾年則是教壁球老師

　　What I’m suggesting is, when you connect with people

　　我想說(shuō)的是當(dāng)你把周遭有相同興趣、

　　around a shared interest and action,

　　喜好的人圈在一塊

　　you’re accustomed to serendipitous things happening into the future,

　　就會(huì)逐漸適應(yīng)隨之而來(lái)、意想不到的收獲

　　and I think that’s what we’re looking at.

　　我想這才是至關(guān)重要

　　We open ourselves up to those opportunities,

　　面對(duì)機(jī)會(huì) 我們敞開心胸

　　and in this room are key players and technology,

　　關(guān)鍵推手-這里的你們再加上科技

　　key players who are uniquely positioned to do this,

　　每個(gè)人各司其職有自己的位置

　　to scale systems and projects together.

　　提升制度和計(jì)劃的整體價(jià)值

　　So here’s what I’m calling for you to do. Remember the three traits ofopportunity-makers.

　　我想拜讬大家的就是記得機(jī)會(huì)制造者的三項(xiàng)特質(zhì)

　　Opportunity-makers keep honing their top strength

　　一、機(jī)會(huì)制造者不斷磨練自己專長(zhǎng)

　　and they become pattern seekers.

　　開拓事物運(yùn)作的新方式

　　They get involved in different worlds than their worlds

　　二、他們樂(lè)于接觸不同人的世界

　　so they’re trusted and they can see those patterns,

　　獲取信任學(xué)習(xí)各種合作方式

　　and they communicate to connect around sweet spots of shared interest.

　　三、他們周旋于各方之間讓參與的人都分一杯羹

　　So what I’m asking you is, the world is hungry.

　　我想說(shuō)的是人與人之間太缺乏連結(jié)

　　I truly believe, in my firsthand e_perience,

　　根據(jù)親身經(jīng)驗(yàn) 我相信

　　the world is hungry for us to unite together as opportunity-makers

　　這世界很需要機(jī)會(huì)制造者

　　and to emulate those behaviors as so many of you already do, I know thatfirsthand,

　　可能臺(tái)下的你已經(jīng)是其中之一大家都應(yīng)該效仿機(jī)會(huì)制造者

　　and to reimagine a world where we use our best talents together

　　重塑我們的世界融合各領(lǐng)域人才

　　more often to accomplish greater thing together than we could on ourown.

　　一人不能做的事借由合作來(lái)完成

　　Just remember,

　　請(qǐng)把這句話放在心上

　　as Dave Liniger once said,

　　大衛(wèi)˙林杰說(shuō)過(guò)

　　“You can’t succeed coming to the potluck with only a fork.”

　　“只帶一只叉子就來(lái)百樂(lè)餐的人永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法成功”(注: 后衍伸為商業(yè)成長(zhǎng)需要集體合作、貢獻(xiàn))

　　Thank you very much.

　　謝謝大家

　　Thank you.

　　謝謝。

ted演講篇27

　　少年pi的全名叫：派西尼。莫利托。帕特爾，方便起見，就叫他派好了。

　　派是一個(gè)從小生活在動(dòng)物園的孩子，一次，為了搬去加拿大，派一家與動(dòng)物們登上了開往大洋彼岸的貨船“齊姆楚姆號(hào)”。

　　天有不測(cè)風(fēng)云，在一個(gè)風(fēng)雨交加的早晨，船沉了。睡夢(mèng)中的人們還不知道發(fā)生了什么，就沉入了這蔚藍(lán)色的海洋。只有派與一只斑馬，一只紅猩猩，一只鬣狗，還有一只名叫理查德。帕克的成年孟加拉虎乘上了救生艇，

　　弱肉強(qiáng)食的生存法則毫不意外地在這里被印證。

　　一艘小小的救生艇自然無(wú)法滿足他們的生存需求，所以自然而然的，鬣狗吃掉了斑馬與紅猩猩，有被老虎吃掉。只剩下派與理查德。帕克了。

　　我本以為派也會(huì)被老虎吃掉，之后老虎死于缺水，在之后全劇終�？煽粗Ｏ�200多頁(yè)紙的厚度，我便打消了這可笑的念頭。

　　不出所料，奇跡發(fā)生了。

　　派與這只孟加拉虎，在這條長(zhǎng)僅26英尺的小艇上和諧共存了幾個(gè)月，直至獲救。

　　看到這里，我不得不對(duì)派肅然起敬。他是如此的勇敢，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。換做是我，或許早就因老虎的利爪或缺水而死了，但他卻能用自己僅有的一切，與一只老虎在一望無(wú)邊的太平洋上共存，這需要多么強(qiáng)烈的求生意志，多么強(qiáng)大的自信心啊!

　　在對(duì)比一下自己，整日無(wú)所事事，得過(guò)且過(guò)，無(wú)抱負(fù)無(wú)追求，為什么派可以超越自己的極限?我想，是壓力的緣故吧。

　　派的壓力來(lái)自于死亡，為了生存下來(lái)，他可以發(fā)揮出自己的全部潛質(zhì)，是死亡的壓力拯救了他。

　　而我的壓力主要來(lái)自父母和老師。只要成績(jī)有些進(jìn)步，就可以說(shuō)失去了壓力，一個(gè)失去壓力的人一定不會(huì)有什么大成就，因?yàn)閴毫拖袢加停俏覀兦斑M(jìn)時(shí)不可缺少的動(dòng)力。沒(méi)有了動(dòng)力，我們只能停下，倒退，最終被淘汰。

　　有壓力是好事，但也要適度。就像汽車超速了會(huì)被罰款，壓力過(guò)大了，也會(huì)使我們不負(fù)重?fù)?dān)。只有適當(dāng)?shù)膲毫由蠣N爛的微笑，美好的未來(lái)才會(huì)向我們揮手。

　　所以，朋友們，讓我們用雙手去擁抱這可愛的壓力吧。

　　無(wú)壓力，不動(dòng)力!

ted演講篇28

　　寒假里，一向喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)的我只報(bào)了一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)班——羽毛球班，可這次的教練，讓我收獲了一個(gè)意想不到的知識(shí)。

　　記得寒假的第一節(jié)羽毛球課，教我打羽毛球的教練有翻天覆地的變化，原先教我的是吳教練，可這是最厲害的阮教練教我們，阮教練原先是教高級(jí)，最喜歡用殺球來(lái)打那些不聽話的人，雖然我沒(méi)有嘗試過(guò)，但看那力度，就會(huì)讓我忐忑不安。

　　當(dāng)我第一次和阮教練打球時(shí)，經(jīng)常有十幾個(gè)球打不到對(duì)面，而我卻為了接到球跑的氣喘吁吁，“下一個(gè)”阮教練每次都用復(fù)雜的聲音，對(duì)我說(shuō)著，眼神里流露出一絲無(wú)奈。

　　過(guò)了幾天后，阮教練好像在家里想了很久，在今天做了一個(gè)決定，“每個(gè)人有一個(gè)球打不過(guò)網(wǎng)，就兩個(gè)俯臥撐�！蔽乙宦牐⒖躺盗�，我一般有十幾個(gè)球沒(méi)打過(guò)來(lái)，那不是要做二十幾個(gè)俯臥撐，那不累死。但教練已經(jīng)下了命令，不能不遵從，只好盡力而為吧!我痛苦的想著�！跋乱粋€(gè)。”教練忽然叫道。我定眼看了看，到我了，時(shí)間怎么過(guò)的這樣快?只好盡力而為。

　　“前面兩個(gè)球，后面開放�！苯叹毚舐暯械�，“媽呀!”我小聲嘀咕著，“為什么一到我就變換一個(gè)打法?”可這是，阮教練已經(jīng)發(fā)球，我只好認(rèn)認(rèn)真真地打球，想一切方法讓我可以準(zhǔn)確地打到每一個(gè)球。我不停地跑，喜歡出汗的我已經(jīng)汗流滿面，可我還是努力接到球。“一個(gè)，哈哈，你終于有一個(gè)了。”教練說(shuō)道，“還有幾個(gè)，加油哦!這時(shí)，我萬(wàn)分激動(dòng)，剛剛有十幾個(gè)，這次只有一個(gè)，太好了。我的眼睛里留下了成功的淚花。

　　這件事已經(jīng)過(guò)去了幾天幾夜，但我的腦海里對(duì)這件事仍然記憶猶新，阮教練叫我們做俯臥撐，其實(shí)就是給我們加大壓力，有一句俗話說(shuō)：有了壓力，就有了動(dòng)力�！耙�?yàn)樽龈┡P撐累，辛苦，所以我為了不做俯臥撐，當(dāng)然就會(huì)想方設(shè)法接到球。

ted演講篇29

　　布琳。布朗致力于研究人與人的關(guān)系——我們感同身受的能力、獲得歸屬感的能力、愛的能力。在TED休斯敦一次富有感染力的幽默談話中，她跟我們分享了她的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個(gè)讓她更想深入了解自己以及人類的發(fā)現(xiàn)，洞悉人性也更了解自己。同時(shí)建議父母，全心全意去愛，即使沒(méi)有回報(bào)、即使很困難，也要勇敢面對(duì)，因?yàn)楦械酱嗳醮砦疫€活著，我們要相信自己夠好，絕對(duì)值得被愛。

　　那我就這么開始吧：幾年前，一個(gè)活動(dòng)策劃人打電話給我，因?yàn)槲耶?dāng)時(shí)要做一個(gè)演講。她在電話里說(shuō)：“我真很苦惱該如何在宣傳單上介紹你。”我心想，怎么會(huì)苦惱呢？她繼續(xù)道：“你看，我聽過(guò)你的演講，我覺得我可以稱你為研究者，可我擔(dān)心的是，如果我這么稱呼你，沒(méi)人會(huì)來(lái)聽，因?yàn)榇蠹移毡檎J(rèn)為研究員很無(wú)趣而且脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)�！保ㄐβ暎┖�。然后她說(shuō)：“但是我喜歡你的演講，就跟講故事一樣很吸引人。我想來(lái)想去，還是覺得稱你為講故事的人比較妥當(dāng)�！倍莻€(gè)做學(xué)術(shù)的，感到不安的我脫口而出道：“你要叫我什么？”她說(shuō)：“我要稱你為講故事的人。"我心想：”為什么不干脆叫魔法小精靈？“（笑聲）我說(shuō)：”讓我考慮一下。“我試著鼓起勇氣。我對(duì)自己說(shuō)，我是一個(gè)講故事的人。我是一個(gè)從事定性研究的科研人員。我收集故事；這就是我的工作�；蛟S故事就是有靈魂的數(shù)據(jù)�；蛟S我就是一個(gè)講故事的人。于是我說(shuō)：”聽著，要不你就稱我為做研究兼講故事的人。“她說(shuō)：”哈哈，沒(méi)這么個(gè)說(shuō)法呀�！埃ㄐβ暎┧晕沂莻€(gè)做研究兼講故事的人，我今天想跟大家談?wù)摰摹覀円務(wù)摰脑掝}是關(guān)于拓展認(rèn)知——我想給你們講幾個(gè)故事是關(guān)于我的一份研究的，這份研究從本質(zhì)上拓寬了我個(gè)人的認(rèn)知，也確確實(shí)實(shí)改變了我生活、愛、工作還有教育孩子的方式。

　　我的故事從這里開始。當(dāng)我還是個(gè)年輕的博士研究生的時(shí)候，第一年，有位研究教授對(duì)我們說(shuō)：”事實(shí)是這樣的，如果有一個(gè)東西你無(wú)法測(cè)量，那么它就不存在�！拔倚南胨皇窃诤搴逦覀冞@些小孩子吧。我說(shuō)：“真的么？”他說(shuō)：“當(dāng)然�！蹦愕弥牢矣幸粋€(gè)社會(huì)工作的學(xué)士文憑，一個(gè)社會(huì)工作的碩士文憑，我在讀的是一個(gè)社會(huì)工作的博士文憑，所以我整個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)生涯都被人所包圍，他們大抵相信生活是一團(tuán)亂麻，接受它。而我的觀點(diǎn)則傾向于，生活是一團(tuán)亂麻，解開它，把它整理好，再歸類放入便當(dāng)盒里。（笑聲）我覺得我領(lǐng)悟到了關(guān)鍵，有能力去創(chuàng)一番事業(yè)，讓自己——真的，社會(huì)工作的一個(gè)重要理念是置身于工作的不適中。我就是要把這不適翻個(gè)底朝天每科都拿到A。這就是我當(dāng)時(shí)的信條。我當(dāng)時(shí)真的是躍躍欲試。我想這就是我要的職業(yè)生涯，因?yàn)槲覍?duì)亂成一團(tuán)，難以處理的課題感興趣。我想要把它們弄清楚。我想要理解它們。我想侵入那些我知道是重要的東西把它們摸透，然后用淺顯易懂的方式呈獻(xiàn)給每一個(gè)人。

　　所以我的起點(diǎn)是“關(guān)系”。因?yàn)楫?dāng)你從事了20xx年的社會(huì)工作，你必然會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)系是我們活著的原因。它賦予了我們生命的意義。就是這么簡(jiǎn)單。無(wú)論你跟誰(shuí)交流工作在社會(huì)執(zhí)法領(lǐng)域的也好，負(fù)責(zé)精神健康、虐待和疏于看管領(lǐng)域的也好我們所知道的是，關(guān)系是種感應(yīng)的能力——生物神經(jīng)上，我們是這么被設(shè)定的——這就是為什么我們?cè)谶@兒。所以我就從關(guān)系開始。下面這個(gè)場(chǎng)景我們?cè)偈煜げ贿^(guò)了，你的上司給你作工作評(píng)估，她告訴了你37點(diǎn)你做得相當(dāng)棒的地方，還有一點(diǎn)——成長(zhǎng)的空間？（笑聲）然后你滿腦子都想著那一點(diǎn)成長(zhǎng)的空間，不是么。這也是我研究的一個(gè)方面，因?yàn)楫?dāng)你跟人們談?wù)搻矍椋麄兏嬖V你的是一件讓他們心碎的事。當(dāng)你跟人們談?wù)摎w屬感，他們告訴你的是最讓他們痛心的被排斥的經(jīng)歷。當(dāng)你跟人們談?wù)撽P(guān)系，他們跟我講的是如何被斷絕關(guān)系的故事。

　　所以很快的——在大約開始研究這個(gè)課題6周以后——我遇到了這個(gè)前所未聞的東西它揭示了關(guān)系以一種我不理解也從沒(méi)見過(guò)的方式。所以我暫停了原先的研究計(jì)劃，對(duì)自己說(shuō)，我得弄清楚這到底是什么。它最終被鑒定為恥辱感。恥辱感很容易理解，即害怕被斷絕關(guān)系。有沒(méi)有一些關(guān)于我的事如果別人知道了或看到了，會(huì)認(rèn)為我不值得交往。我要告訴你們的是：這種現(xiàn)象很普遍；我們都會(huì)有（這種想法）。沒(méi)有體驗(yàn)過(guò)恥辱的人不具有人類的同情或關(guān)系。沒(méi)人想談?wù)撟约旱聂苁�，你談�(wù)摰脑缴伲阍礁械娇蓯u。滋生恥辱感的是一種“我不夠好。"的心態(tài)——我們都知道這是個(gè)什么滋味：”我不夠什么。我不夠苗條，不夠有錢，不夠漂亮，不夠聰明，職位不夠高�！岸芜@種心態(tài)的是一種刻骨銘心的脆弱，關(guān)鍵在于要想產(chǎn)生關(guān)系，我們必須讓自己被看見，真真切切地被看見。

　　你知道我怎么看待脆弱。我恨它。所以我思考著，這次是輪到我用我的標(biāo)尺擊潰它的時(shí)候了。我要闖進(jìn)去，把它弄清楚，我要花一年的時(shí)間，徹底瓦解恥辱，我要搞清楚脆弱是怎么運(yùn)作的，然后我要智取勝過(guò)它。所以我準(zhǔn)備好了，非常興奮。跟你預(yù)計(jì)的一樣，事與愿違。（笑聲）你知道這個(gè)（結(jié)果）。我能告訴你關(guān)于恥辱的很多東西，但那樣我就得占用別人的時(shí)間了。但我在這兒可以告訴你，歸根到底——這也許是我學(xué)到的最重要的東西在從事研究的數(shù)十年中。我預(yù)計(jì)的一年變成了六年，成千上萬(wàn)的故事，成百上千個(gè)采訪，焦點(diǎn)集中。有時(shí)人們發(fā)給我期刊報(bào)道，發(fā)給我他們的故事——不計(jì)其數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)，就在這六年中。我大概掌握了它。

　　我大概理解了這就是恥辱，這就是它的運(yùn)作方式。我寫了本書，我出版了一個(gè)理論，但總覺得哪里不對(duì)勁——它其實(shí)是，如果我粗略地把我采訪過(guò)的人分成具有自我價(jià)值感的人——說(shuō)到底就是自我價(jià)值感——他們勇于去愛并且擁有強(qiáng)烈的歸屬感——另一部分則是為之苦苦掙扎的人，總是懷疑自己是否足夠好的人。區(qū)分那些敢于去愛并擁有強(qiáng)烈歸屬感的人和那些為之而苦苦掙扎的人的變量只有一個(gè)。那就是，那些敢于去愛并擁有強(qiáng)烈歸屬感的人相信他們值得被愛，值得享有歸屬感。就這么簡(jiǎn)單。他們相信自己的價(jià)值。而對(duì)于我，那個(gè)阻礙人與人之間關(guān)系的最困難的部分是我們對(duì)于自己不值得享有這種關(guān)系的恐懼，無(wú)論從個(gè)人，還是職業(yè)上我都覺得我有必要去更深入地了解它。所以接下來(lái)我找出所有的采訪記錄找出那些體現(xiàn)自我價(jià)值的，那些持有這種觀念的記錄，集中研究它們。

　　這群人有什么共同之處？我對(duì)辦公用品有點(diǎn)癡迷，但這是另一個(gè)話題了。我有一個(gè)牛皮紙文件夾，還有一個(gè)三福極好筆，我心想，我該怎么給這項(xiàng)研究命名呢？第一個(gè)蹦入我腦子的是全心全意這個(gè)詞。這是一群全心全意，靠著一種強(qiáng)烈的自我價(jià)值感在生活的人們。所以我在牛皮紙夾的上端這樣寫道，而后我開始查看數(shù)據(jù)。事實(shí)上，我開始是用四天時(shí)間集中分析數(shù)據(jù)，我從頭找出那些采訪，找出其中的故事和事件。主題是什么？有什么規(guī)律？我丈夫帶著孩子離開了小鎮(zhèn)，因?yàn)槲依鲜窍萑胂窠芸诉d。波洛克（美國(guó)近代抽象派畫家）似的瘋狂狀態(tài)，我一直在寫，完全沉浸在研究的狀態(tài)中。下面是我的發(fā)現(xiàn)。這些人的共同之處在于勇氣。我想在這里先花一分鐘跟大家區(qū)分一下勇氣和膽量。勇氣，最初的定義，當(dāng)它剛出現(xiàn)在英文里的時(shí)候——是從拉丁文cor，意為心，演變過(guò)來(lái)的——最初的定義是真心地?cái)⑹鲆粋€(gè)故事，告訴大家你是誰(shuí)的。所以這些人就具有勇氣承認(rèn)自己不完美。他們具有同情心，先是對(duì)自己的，再是對(duì)他人的，因?yàn)�，事�?shí)是，我們?nèi)绻荒苌拼约�，我們也無(wú)法善待他人。最后一點(diǎn)，他們都能和他人建立關(guān)系，——這是很難做到的——前提是他們必須坦誠(chéng)，他們?cè)敢夥砰_自己設(shè)定的那個(gè)理想的自我以換取真正的自我，這是贏得關(guān)系的必要條件。

　　他們還有另外一個(gè)共同之處那就是，他們?nèi)唤邮艽嗳�。他們相信讓他們變得脆弱的東西也讓他們變得美麗。他們不認(rèn)為脆弱是尋求舒適，也不認(rèn)為脆弱是鉆心的疼痛——正如我之前在關(guān)于恥辱的采訪中聽到的。他們只是簡(jiǎn)單地認(rèn)為脆弱是必須的。他們會(huì)談到愿意說(shuō)出"我愛你"，愿意做些沒(méi)有的事情，愿意等待醫(yī)生的電話，在做完乳房X光檢查之后。他們?cè)敢鉃榍楦型顿Y，無(wú)論有沒(méi)有結(jié)果。他們覺得這些都是最根本的。

　　我當(dāng)時(shí)認(rèn)為那是背叛。我無(wú)法相信我盡然對(duì)科研宣誓效忠——研究的定義是控制（變量）然后預(yù)測(cè)，去研究現(xiàn)象，為了一個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)，去控制并預(yù)測(cè)。而我現(xiàn)在的使命即控制并預(yù)測(cè)卻給出了這樣一個(gè)結(jié)果：要想與脆弱共存就得停止控制，停止預(yù)測(cè)于是我崩潰了——（笑聲）——其實(shí)更像是這樣。（笑聲）它確實(shí)是。我稱它為崩潰，我的心理醫(yī)生稱它為靈魂的覺醒。靈魂的覺醒當(dāng)然比精神崩潰要好聽很多，但我跟你說(shuō)那的確是精神崩潰。然后我不得不暫且把數(shù)據(jù)放一邊，去求助心理醫(yī)生。讓我告訴你：你知道你是誰(shuí)當(dāng)你打電話跟你朋友說(shuō)：“我覺得我需要跟人談?wù)�。你有什么好的建議嗎？“因?yàn)槲掖蠹s有五個(gè)朋友這么回答：”喔。我可不想當(dāng)你的心理醫(yī)生�！埃ㄐβ暎┪艺f(shuō)：”這是什么意思？“他們說(shuō)：”我只是想說(shuō)，別帶上你的標(biāo)尺來(lái)見我。“我說(shuō)：”行�！�

　　就這樣我找到了一個(gè)心理醫(yī)生。我跟她，戴安娜，的第一次見面——我?guī)チ艘环荼韱紊厦娑际悄切┤硇耐度肷畹娜说纳罘绞剑缓笪易铝�。她說(shuō)：”你好嗎？“我說(shuō)：”我很好。還不賴�！八f(shuō)：”發(fā)生了什么事？“這是一個(gè)治療心理醫(yī)生的心理醫(yī)生，我們不得不去看這些心理醫(yī)生，因?yàn)樗麄兊膹U話測(cè)量?jī)x很準(zhǔn)（知道你什么時(shí)候在說(shuō)真心話）。（笑聲）所以我說(shuō)：“事情是這樣的。我很糾結(jié)�！彼f(shuō)：“你糾結(jié)什么？”我說(shuō)：”嗯，我跟脆弱過(guò)不去。而且我知道脆弱是恥辱和恐懼的根源是我們?yōu)樽晕覂r(jià)值而掙扎的根源，但它同時(shí)又是歡樂(lè)，創(chuàng)造性，歸屬感，愛的源泉。所以我覺得我有問(wèn)題，我需要幫助�！拔已a(bǔ)充道：”但是，這跟家庭無(wú)關(guān)，跟童年無(wú)關(guān)�！埃ㄐβ暎拔抑恍枰恍┎呗�。”（笑聲）（掌聲）謝謝。戴安娜的反應(yīng)是這樣的。（笑聲）我接著說(shuō)：“這很糟糕，對(duì)么？”她說(shuō)：“這不算好，也不算壞�！保ㄐβ暎八旧砭褪沁@樣�！蔽艺f(shuō)：“哦，我的天，要悲劇了�！�

　�。ㄐβ暎�

　　（悲�。┕话l(fā)生了，但又沒(méi)有發(fā)生。大概有一年的時(shí)間。你知道的，有些人當(dāng)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)脆弱和溫柔很重要的時(shí)候，他們放下所有戒備，欣然接受。（我要聲明）一，這不是我，二，我朋友里面也沒(méi)有這樣的人。（笑聲）對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，那是長(zhǎng)達(dá)一年的斗爭(zhēng)。是場(chǎng)激烈的混戰(zhàn)。脆弱打我一拳，我又還擊它一拳。最后我輸了，但我或許贏回了我的生活。

　　然后我再度投入到了我的研究中，又花了幾年時(shí)間真正試圖去理解那些全身心投入生活的人，他們做了怎樣的決定，他們是如何應(yīng)對(duì)脆弱的。為什么我們?yōu)橹纯鄴暝�？我是�?dú)自在跟脆弱斗爭(zhēng)嗎？不是。這是我學(xué)到的：我們麻痹脆弱——（例如）當(dāng)我們等待（醫(yī)生）電話的時(shí)候。好笑的是，我在Twitter微博和Facebook上發(fā)布了一條狀態(tài)，“你怎樣定義脆弱？什么會(huì)讓你感到脆弱？“在1個(gè)半小時(shí)內(nèi)，我收到了150條回復(fù)。因?yàn)槲蚁胫来蠹叶际窃趺聪氲摹＃ɑ貜?fù)中有）不得不請(qǐng)求丈夫幫忙，因?yàn)槲也×�，而且我們剛結(jié)婚；跟丈夫提出要愛；跟妻子提出要愛；被拒絕；約某人出來(lái)；等待醫(yī)生的答復(fù)；被裁員；裁掉別人——這就是我們生活的世界。我們活在一個(gè)脆弱的世界里。我們應(yīng)對(duì)的方法之一是麻痹脆弱。

　　我覺得這不是沒(méi)有依據(jù)——這也不是依據(jù)存在的唯一理由，我認(rèn)為我們當(dāng)代問(wèn)題的一大部分都可以歸咎于它——在美國(guó)歷史上，我們是欠債最多，肥胖，毒癮、用藥最為嚴(yán)重的一代。問(wèn)題是——我從研究中認(rèn)識(shí)到——你無(wú)法選擇性地麻痹感情。你不能說(shuō)，這些是不好的。這是脆弱，這是悲哀，這是恥辱，這是恐懼，這是失望，我不想要這些情感。我要去喝幾瓶啤酒，吃個(gè)香蕉堅(jiān)果松餅。（笑聲）我不想要這些情感。我知道臺(tái)下傳來(lái)的是會(huì)意的笑聲。別忘了，我是靠“入侵”你們的生活過(guò)日子的。天哪。（笑聲）你無(wú)法只麻痹那些痛苦的情感而不麻痹所有的感官，所有的情感。你無(wú)法有選擇性地去麻痹。當(dāng)我們麻痹那些（消極的情感），我們也麻痹了歡樂(lè)，麻痹了感恩，麻痹了幸福。然后我們會(huì)變得痛不欲生，我們繼而尋找生命的意義，然后我們感到脆弱，然后我們喝幾瓶啤酒，吃個(gè)香蕉堅(jiān)果松餅。危險(xiǎn)的循環(huán)就這樣這形成了。

　　我們需要思考的一件事是我們是為什么，怎么樣麻痹自己的。這不一定是指吸毒。我們麻痹自己的另一個(gè)方式是把不確定的事變得確定。宗教已經(jīng)從一種信仰、一種對(duì)不可知的相信變成了確定。我是對(duì)的，你是錯(cuò)的。閉嘴。就是這樣。只要是確定的就是好的。我們?cè)绞呛ε拢覀兙驮酱嗳�，然后我們變得愈加害怕。這件就是當(dāng)今政治的現(xiàn)狀。探討已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在。對(duì)話已經(jīng)蕩然無(wú)存。有的僅僅是指責(zé)。你知道研究領(lǐng)域是如何描述指責(zé)的嗎？一種發(fā)泄痛苦與不快的方式。我們追求完美。如果有人想這樣塑造他的生活，那個(gè)人就是我，但這行不通。因?yàn)槲覀冏龅闹皇前哑ü缮系馁樔馀驳轿覀兊哪樕�。（笑聲）這真是，我希望一百年以后，當(dāng)人們回過(guò)頭來(lái)會(huì)不禁感嘆：”哇！“

　�。ㄐβ暎�

　　我們想要，這是最危險(xiǎn)的，我們的孩子變得完美。讓我告訴你我們是如何看待孩子的。從他們出生的那刻起，他們就注定要掙扎。當(dāng)你把這些完美的寶寶抱在懷里的時(shí)候，我們的任務(wù)不是說(shuō)：”看看她，她完美的無(wú)可挑剔�！岸谴_保她保持完美——保證她五年級(jí)的時(shí)候可以進(jìn)網(wǎng)球隊(duì)，七年級(jí)的時(shí)候穩(wěn)進(jìn)耶魯。那不是我們的任務(wù)。我們的任務(wù)是注視著她，對(duì)她說(shuō)，“你知道嗎？你并不完美，你注定要奮斗，但你值得被愛，值得享有歸屬感�！边@才是我們的職責(zé)。給我看用這種方式培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的一代孩子，我保證我們今天有的問(wèn)題會(huì)得到解決。我們假裝我們的行為不會(huì)影響他人。不僅在我們個(gè)人生活中我們這么做，在工作中也一樣——無(wú)論是緊急救助，石油泄漏，還是產(chǎn)品召回——我們假裝我們做的事對(duì)他人不會(huì)造成什么大影響。我想對(duì)這些公司說(shuō)：嘿，這不是我們第一次牛仔競(jìng)技。我們只要你坦誠(chéng)地，真心地說(shuō)一句："對(duì)不起，我們會(huì)處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題�！�

　　但還有一種方法，我把它留給你們。這是我的心得：卸下我們的面具，讓我們被看見，深入地被看見，即便是脆弱的一面；全心全意地去愛，盡管沒(méi)有任何擔(dān)�！@是最困難的，我也可以告訴你，作為一名家長(zhǎng)，這個(gè)非常非常困難——帶著一顆感恩的心，保持快樂(lè)哪怕是在最恐懼的時(shí)候哪怕我們懷疑：”我能不能愛得這么深？我能不能如此熱情地相信這份感情？我能不能如此矢志不渝？“在消極的時(shí)候能打住，而不是一味地幻想事情會(huì)如何變得更糟，對(duì)自己說(shuō)：”我已經(jīng)很感恩了，因?yàn)槟芨惺艿竭@種脆弱，這意味著我還活著�！白詈螅€有最重要的一點(diǎn)，那就是相信我們已經(jīng)做得夠好了。因?yàn)槲蚁嘈女?dāng)我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)讓人覺得“我已經(jīng)足夠了”的環(huán)境中打拼的時(shí)候我們會(huì)停止抱怨，開始傾聽，我們會(huì)對(duì)周圍的人會(huì)更友善，更溫和，對(duì)自己也會(huì)更友善，更溫和。

　　這就是我演講的全部?jī)?nèi)容。謝謝大家。

　�。ㄕ坡暎�

ted演講篇30

　　尊敬的老師、同學(xué)們：

　　大家好!

　　很多年以前，我曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，時(shí)間可以改變一切。

　　看著那些老舊的照片，感覺好像還是活在過(guò)去，想著想著……如今，也回不到從前了，也聽不到那欠扁的笑容了，其實(shí)，我以為一輩子都不會(huì)忘記的事情就在我們念念不忘的日子里，而被我遺忘了，努力想記起你們的名字，卻是徒然，真的記不起了……

　　歲月如流水，轉(zhuǎn)瞬之間，又是一年過(guò)去了。以前習(xí)慣了嘻嘻哈哈、笑容滿面的我，現(xiàn)在時(shí)常稍作停頓，時(shí)而顧盼，時(shí)而思考，一路走來(lái)，不斷的思考，不少的煩惱，也不愿錯(cuò)過(guò)每一處風(fēng)景。時(shí)間的力量，不僅在于它可以讓你重新審視這個(gè)世界，而且是一種解藥可以沖淡回憶。不愿記起的、快樂(lè)的、難以釋懷的、所有的記憶。也可以把人的思維方式也全盤更新一遍。突然有一天，回頭再找尋原來(lái)的我，才發(fā)現(xiàn)我已非我。

　　在家的日子就是那么無(wú)聊、那么無(wú)奈。只是吃好睡好、但是同樣的24小時(shí)就很難熬。每天都是傻乎乎在家發(fā)呆，在家也想了很多以前悔恨的事，走過(guò)的、路過(guò)的、玩過(guò)的……都留下我那悔恨的足跡……現(xiàn)在，我就要做一個(gè)全新的我，也不再是以前的我，而是“少說(shuō)話，多辦事”“……”的我。一切不幸之事隨著時(shí)間而覆蓋……

　　每個(gè)人都是一道靚麗的風(fēng)景線，但世界不會(huì)為你而改變，環(huán)境也不會(huì)主動(dòng)去適應(yīng)我們自己。因而，我們只能去改變自己，去適應(yīng)環(huán)境，進(jìn)而取得成功。

　　改變自己，方可以意志的血滴和拼搏的汗水釀成歷久彌香的瓊漿，方可以不凋的希望和不滅的夢(mèng)想編織絢麗輝煌的彩虹，方可以永恒的執(zhí)著和頑強(qiáng)的韌力筑起固若金湯的鐵壁銅墻。

ted演講篇31

　　when i was seven years old and my sister was just five years old, we wereplaying on top of a bunk bed. i was two years older than my sister at the time-- i mean, i'm two years older than her now -- but at the time it meant she hadto do everything that i wanted to do, and i wanted to play war. so we were up ontop of our bunk beds. and on one side of the bunk bed, i had put out all of myg.i. joe soldiers and weaponry. and on the other side were all my sister's mylittle ponies ready for a cavalry charge.

　　there are differing accounts of what actually happened that afternoon, butsince my sister is not here with us today, let me tell you the true story --(laughter) -- which is my sister's a little bit on the clumsy side. somehow,without any help or push from her older brother at all, suddenly amy disappearedoff of the top of the bunk bed and landed with this crash on the floor. now inervously peered over the side of the bed to see what had befallen my fallensister and saw that she had landed painfully on her hands and knees on all fourson the ground.

　　i was nervous because my parents had charged me with making sure that mysister and i played as safely and as quietly as possible. and seeing as how ihad accidentally broken amy's arm just one week before ... (laughter) ...heroically pushing her out of the way of an oncoming imaginary sniper bullet,(laughter) for which i have yet to be thanked, i was trying as hard as i could-- she didn't even see it coming -- i was trying as hard as i could to be on mybest behavior.

　　and i saw my sister's face, this wail of pain and suffering and surprisethreatening to erupt from her mouth and threatening to wake my parents from thelong winter's nap for which they had settled. so i did the only thing my littlefrantic seven year-old brain could think to do to avert this tragedy. and if youhave children, you've seen this hundreds of times before. i said, "amy, amy,wait. don't cry. don't cry. did you see how you landed? no human lands on allfours like that. amy, i think this means you're a unicorn."

　　(laughter)

　　now that was cheating, because there was nothing in the world my sisterwould want more than not to be amy the hurt five year-old little sister, but amythe special unicorn. of course, this was an option that was open to her brain atno point in the past. and you could see how my poor, manipulated sister facedconflict, as her little brain attempted to devote resources to feeling the painand suffering and surprise she just e_perienced, or contemplating her new-foundidentity as a unicorn. and the latter won out. instead of crying, instead ofceasing our play, instead of waking my parents, with all the negativeconsequences that would have ensued for me, instead a smile spread across herface and she scrambled right back up onto the bunk bed with all the grace of ababy unicorn ... (laughter) ... with one broken leg.

　　what we stumbled across at this tender age of just five and seven -- we hadno idea at the time -- was something that was going be at the vanguard of ascientific revolution occurring two decades later in the way that we look at thehuman brain. what we had stumbled across is something called positivepsychology, which is the reason that i'm here today and the reason that i wakeup every morning.

　　when i first started talking about this research outside of academia, outwith companies and schools, the very first thing they said to never do is tostart your talk with a graph. the very first thing i want to do is start my talkwith a graph. this graph looks boring, but this graph is the reason i gete_cited and wake up every morning. and this graph doesn't even mean anything;it's fake data. what we found is --

　　(laughter)

　　if i got this data back studying you here in the room, i would be thrilled,because there's very clearly a trend that's going on there, and that means thati can get published, which is all that really matters. the fact that there's oneweird red dot that's up above the curve, there's one weirdo in the room -- iknow who you are, i saw you earlier -- that's no problem. that's no problem, asmost of you know, because i can just delete that dot. i can delete that dotbecause that's clearly a measurement error. and we know that's a measurementerror because it's messing up my data.

　　so one of the very first things we teach people in economics and statisticsand business and psychology courses is how, in a statistically valid way, do weeliminate the weirdos. how do we eliminate the outliers so we can find the lineof best fit? which is fantastic if i'm trying to find out how many advil theaverage person should be taking -- two. but if i'm interested in potential, ifi'm interested in your potential, or for happiness or productivity or energy orcreativity, what we're doing is we're creating the cult of the average withscience.

　　if i asked a question like, "how fast can a child learn how to read in aclassroom?" scientists change the answer to "how fast does the average childlearn how to read in that classroom?" and then we tailor the class right towardsthe average. now if you fall below the average on this curve, then psychologistsget thrilled, because that means you're either depressed or you have a disorder,or hopefully both. we're hoping for both because our business model is, if youcome into a therapy session with one problem, we want to make sure you leaveknowing you have 10, so you keep coming back over and over again. we'll go backinto your childhood if necessary, but eventually what we want to do is make younormal again. but normal is merely average.

　　and what i posit and what positive psychology posits is that if we studywhat is merely average, we will remain merely average. then instead of deletingthose positive outliers, what i intentionally do is come into a population likethis one and say, why? why is it that some of you are so high above the curve interms of your intellectual ability, athletic ability, musical ability,creativity, energy levels, your resiliency in the face of challenge, your senseof humor? whatever it is, instead of deleting you, what i want to do is studyyou. because maybe we can glean information -- not just how to move people up tothe average, but how we can move the entire average up in our companies andschools worldwide.

　　the reason this graph is important to me is, when i turn on the news, itseems like the majority of the information is not positive, in fact it'snegative. most of it's about murder, corruption, diseases, natural disasters.and very quickly, my brain starts to think that's the accurate ratio of negativeto positive in the world. what that's doing is creating something called themedical school syndrome -- which, if you know people who've been to medicalschool, during the first year of medical training, as you read through a list ofall the symptoms and diseases that could happen, suddenly you realize you haveall of them.

　　i have a brother in-law named bobo -- which is a whole other story. bobomarried amy the unicorn. bobo called me on the phone from yale medical school,and bobo said, "shawn, i have leprosy." (laughter) which, even at yale, ise_traordinarily rare. but i had no idea how to console poor bobo because he hadjust gotten over an entire week of menopause.

　　(laughter)

　　see what we're finding is it's not necessarily the reality that shapes us,but the lens through which your brain views the world that shapes your reality.and if we can change the lens, not only can we change your happiness, we canchange every single educational and business outcome at the same time.

　　when i applied to harvard, i applied on a dare. i didn't e_pect to get in,and my family had no money for college. when i got a military scholarship twoweeks later, they allowed me to go. suddenly, something that wasn't even apossibility became a reality. when i went there, i assumed everyone else wouldsee it as a privilege as well, that they'd be e_cited to be there. even ifyou're in a classroom full of people smarter than you, you'd be happy just to bein that classroom, which is what i felt. but what i found there is, while somepeople e_perience that, when i graduated after my four years and then spent thene_t eight years living in the dorms with the students -- harvard asked me to; iwasn't that guy. (laughter) i was an officer of harvard to counsel studentsthrough the difficult four years. and what i found in my research and myteaching is that these students, no matter how happy they were with theiroriginal success of getting into the school, two weeks later their brains werefocused, not on the privilege of being there, nor on their philosophy or theirphysics. their brain was focused on the competition, the workload, the hassles,the stresses, the complaints.

　　when i first went in there, i walked into the freshmen dining hall, whichis where my friends from waco, te_as, which is where i grew up -- i know some ofyou have heard of it. when they'd come to visit me, they'd look around, they'dsay, "this freshman dining hall looks like something out of hogwart's from themovie "harry potter," which it does. this is hogwart's from the movie "harrypotter" and that's harvard. and when they see this, they say, "shawn, why do youwaste your time studying happiness at harvard? seriously, what does a harvardstudent possibly have to be unhappy about?"

　　embedded within that question is the key to understanding the science ofhappiness. because what that question assumes is that our e_ternal world ispredictive of our happiness levels, when in reality, if i know everything aboutyour e_ternal world, i can only predict 10 percent of your long-term happiness.90 percent of your long-term happiness is predicted not by the e_ternal world,but by the way your brain processes the world. and if we change it, if we changeour formula for happiness and success, what we can do is change the way that wecan then affect reality. what we found is that only 25 percent of job successesare predicted by i.q. 75 percent of job successes are predicted by your optimismlevels, your social support and your ability to see stress as a challengeinstead of as a threat.

　　i talked to a boarding school up in new england, probably the mostprestigious boarding school, and they said, "we already know that. so everyyear, instead of just teaching our students, we also have a wellness week. andwe're so e_cited. monday night we have the world's leading e_pert coming in tospeak about adolescent depression. tuesday night it's school violence andbullying. wednesday night is eating disorders. thursday night is elicit druguse. and friday night we're trying to decide between risky se_ or happiness."(laughter) i said, "that's most people's friday nights." (laughter) (applause)which i'm glad you liked, but they did not like that at all. silence on thephone. and into the silence, i said, "i'd be happy to speak at your school, butjust so you know, that's not a wellness week, that's a sickness week. whatyou've done is you've outlined all the negative things that can happen, but nottalked about the positive."

　　the absence of disease is not health. here's how we get to health: we needto reverse the formula for happiness and success. in the last three years, i'vetraveled to 45 different countries, working with schools and companies in themidst of an economic downturn. and what i found is that most companies andschools follow a formula for success, which is this: if i work harder, i'll bemore successful. and if i'm more successful, then i'll be happier. thatundergirds most of our parenting styles, our managing styles, the way that wemotivate our behavior.

　　and the problem is it's scientifically broken and backwards for tworeasons. first, every time your brain has a success, you just changed thegoalpost of what success looked like. you got good grades, now you have to getbetter grades, you got into a good school and after you get into a betterschool, you got a good job, now you have to get a better job, you hit your salestarget, we're going to change your sales target. and if happiness is on theopposite side of success, your brain never gets there. what we've done is we'vepushed happiness over the cognitive horizon as a society. and that's because wethink we have to be successful, then we'll be happier.

　　but the real problem is our brains work in the opposite order. if you canraise somebody's level of positivity in the present, then their braine_periences what we now call a happiness advantage, which is your brain atpositive performs significantly better than it does at negative, neutral orstressed. your intelligence rises, your creativity rises, your energy levelsrise. in fact, what we've found is that every single business outcome improves.your brain at positive is 31 percent more productive than your brain atnegative, neutral or stressed. you're 37 percent better at sales. doctors are 19percent faster, more accurate at coming up with the correct diagnosis whenpositive instead of negative, neutral or stressed. which means we can reversethe formula. if we can find a way of becoming positive in the present, then ourbrains work even more successfully as we're able to work harder, faster and moreintelligently.

　　what we need to be able to do is to reverse this formula so we can start tosee what our brains are actually capable of. because dopamine, which floods intoyour system when you're positive, has two functions. not only does it make youhappier, it turns on all of the learning centers in your brain allowing you toadapt to the world in a different way.

　　we've found that there are ways that you can train your brain to be able tobecome more positive. in just a two-minute span of time done for 21 days in arow, we can actually rewire your brain, allowing your brain to actually workmore optimistically and more successfully. we've done these things in researchnow in every single company that i've worked with, getting them to write downthree new things that they're grateful for for 21 days in a row, three newthings each day. and at the end of that, their brain starts to retain a patternof scanning the world, not for the negative, but for the positive first.

　　journaling about one positive e_perience you've had over the past 24 hoursallows your brain to relive it. e_ercise teaches your brain that your behaviormatters. we find that meditation allows your brain to get over the cultural adhdthat we've been creating by trying to do multiple tasks at once and allows ourbrains to focus on the task at hand. and finally, random acts of kindness areconscious acts of kindness. we get people, when they open up their inbo_, towrite one positive email praising or thanking somebody in their social supportnetwork.

　　and by doing these activities and by training your brain just like we trainour bodies, what we've found is we can reverse the formula for happiness andsuccess, and in doing so, not only create ripples of positivity, but create areal revolution.

　　thank you very much.

　　(applause)

ted演講篇32

　　chinese restaurants have played an important role in american history, as amatter of fact. the cuban missile crisis was resolved in a chinese restaurantcalled yenching palace in washington, d.c., which unfortunately is closed now,and about to be turned into walgreen's. and the house that john wilkes boothplanned the assassination of abraham lincoln is actually also now a chineserestaurant called wok 'n roll, on h street in washington.

　　事實(shí)上，中國(guó)餐館在美國(guó)歷史上發(fā)揮了很重要的作用。古巴導(dǎo)彈危機(jī)是在華盛頓一家名叫“燕京館”的中餐館里解決的。很不幸，這家餐館現(xiàn)在關(guān)門了，即將被改建成沃爾格林連鎖藥店。而約翰·威爾克斯·布斯刺殺林肯總統(tǒng)的那所房子現(xiàn)在也成了一家中餐館，就是位于華盛頓的“鍋和卷”。

　　and if you think about it, a lot of the foods that you think of or we thinkof or americans think of as chinese food are barely recognizable to chinese, fore_ample: beef with broccoli, egg rolls, general tso's chicken, fortune cookies,chop suey, the take-out bo_es.

　　如果你仔細(xì)想想，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多你們所認(rèn)為或我們所認(rèn)為，或是美國(guó)人所認(rèn)為的中國(guó)食物，中國(guó)人并不認(rèn)識(shí)。比如西蘭花牛肉、蛋卷、左宗棠雞、幸運(yùn)餅干、雜碎、外賣盒子。

　　so, the interesting question is, how do you go from fortune cookies beingsomething that is japanese to being something that is chinese? well, the shortanswer is, we locked up all the japanese during world war ii, including thosethat made fortune cookies, so that's the time when the chinese moved in, kind ofsaw a market opportunity and took over.

　　所以有趣的是，幸運(yùn)餅干是怎么從日本的東西變成中國(guó)的東西的呢?簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，我們?cè)诙?zhàn)時(shí)扣押了所以的日本人，包括那些做幸運(yùn)餅干的。這時(shí)候，中國(guó)人來(lái)了，看到了商機(jī)，自然就據(jù)為己有了。

　　general tso's chicken -- which, by the way, in the us naval academy iscalled admiral tso's chicken. i love this dish. the original name in my book wasactually called the long march of general tso, and he has marched very farindeed, because he is sweet, he is fried, and he is chicken -- all things thatamericans love.

　　左宗棠雞，在美國(guó)海軍軍校被稱為左司令雞。我很喜歡這道菜。在我的書里，這道菜實(shí)際上叫左將軍的長(zhǎng)征，它確實(shí)在美國(guó)很受歡迎，因?yàn)樗翘鸬模驼ǖ�，是雞肉做的——全部都是美國(guó)人的最愛。

　　so, you know, i realized when i was there, general tso is kind of a lotlike colonel sanders in america, in that he's known for chicken and not war. butin china, this guy's actually known for war and not chicken.

　　我意識(shí)到左宗棠將軍有點(diǎn)像美國(guó)的桑德斯上校(肯德基創(chuàng)始人)，因?yàn)樗且螂u肉而出名的而不是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。而在中國(guó)，左宗棠確實(shí)是因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)而不是雞肉聞名的。

　　so it's kind of part of the phenomenon i called spontaneousself-organization, right, where, like in ant colonies, where little decisionsmade by -- on the micro-level actually have a big impact on the macro-level.

　　這就有點(diǎn)像我所說(shuō)的自發(fā)組織現(xiàn)象。就像在螞蟻群中，在微觀層面上做的小小決定會(huì)在宏觀層面上產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。

　　and the great innovation of chicken mcnuggets was not nuggetfying them,because that's kind of an easy concept, but the trick behind chicken mcnuggetswas, they were able to remove the chicken from the bone in a cost-effectivemanner, which is why it took so long for other people to copy them.

　　麥樂(lè)雞塊的發(fā)明并沒(méi)有給他們帶來(lái)切實(shí)收益，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)想法很簡(jiǎn)單，但麥樂(lè)雞背后的技巧是如何用一種劃算的方式來(lái)把雞肉從骨頭上剔出來(lái)。這就是為什么過(guò)了這么久才有人模仿他們。

　　we can think of chinese restaurants perhaps as linu_: sort of an opensource thing, right, where ideas from one person can be copied and propagatedacross the entire system, that there can be specialized versions of chinesefood, you know, depending on the region.

　　我們可以把中餐館比作linu_：一種開源系統(tǒng)。一個(gè)人的想法可以在整個(gè)系統(tǒng)中被復(fù)制，被普及。在不同的地區(qū)，就有特別版本的中國(guó)菜。

ted演講篇33

　　親愛的同學(xué)們：

　　大家好!

　　我今天演講的主題是“關(guān)注食品安全”。

　　隨著中國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展和人民生活水平的提高，人們?cè)絹?lái)越重視健康和食品安全，尤其是“__”奶粉等食品安全事件的發(fā)生，這也引起了人們的關(guān)注。

　　給我們敲響了安全的警鐘，“食品安全”已成為與國(guó)民健康，社會(huì)穩(wěn)定，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和市場(chǎng)繁榮相關(guān)的重要因素。

　　對(duì)于我們每個(gè)同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)和了解相關(guān)的食品衛(wèi)生知識(shí)，養(yǎng)成良好的飲食習(xí)慣，提高自我保護(hù)意識(shí)，抵制劣質(zhì)食品的誘惑是非常必要和實(shí)際的。

　　但我們經(jīng)�？吹揭恍⿲W(xué)生在校園的雜貨店，餐館甚至小攤子前，一些學(xué)生在購(gòu)買、食用價(jià)廉質(zhì)次的食品。那么，你了解這些看似誘人和便宜的食物背后的危險(xiǎn)嗎?

　　據(jù)衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督部門的技術(shù)人員介紹，由于學(xué)生的零用錢相對(duì)有限，大多數(shù)這些經(jīng)營(yíng)者“便宜進(jìn)便宜出”，采取購(gòu)買一些“三無(wú)”產(chǎn)品的原則，大多數(shù)食品是基于顏料和糖精。在這里我建議學(xué)生：

　　1.建立食品安全概念，了解食品安全知識(shí)，增強(qiáng)自我保護(hù)能力。購(gòu)買食品時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇常規(guī)的大型購(gòu)物中心和超市。購(gòu)買食品時(shí)，應(yīng)盡量選擇一些知名品牌。同時(shí)，我們必須注意食品包裝上是否有制造商，生產(chǎn)日期以及保質(zhì)期是否已過(guò)。

　　如果你在小商店購(gòu)買食品，你必須看好制造商，生產(chǎn)日期，保質(zhì)期，注意包裝袋是否損壞。無(wú)生產(chǎn)許可證和qs徽標(biāo)的食品不能購(gòu)買或食用。

　　2.養(yǎng)成良好的飲食觀念。不食用流動(dòng)攤點(diǎn)的小吃、零食等，自覺抵制，三無(wú)食物，劣質(zhì)食品，學(xué)生在學(xué)校盡可能在學(xué)校食堂吃飯。

　　3.養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣。不挑食，不偏食，一日三餐，定時(shí)定量，不暴飲暴食。帶上自己的杯子，多喝開水。事實(shí)上，開水是的飲料。

　　有些飲料含有防腐劑，色素等，經(jīng)常飲用不利于年輕學(xué)生的健康。

　　老師，同學(xué)們，食品安全都是不小的事，“病從口入”重預(yù)防。如今，已進(jìn)入春天的季節(jié)萬(wàn)物復(fù)蘇，各種細(xì)菌正在悄然滋生和迅速傳播。

　　讓我們自覺行動(dòng)，注重食品安全，重視“問(wèn)題食品”對(duì)身體健康和青少年成長(zhǎng)的危害，遠(yuǎn)離“問(wèn)題食品”和“不合格食品”，不斷提高我們的食品安全意識(shí)。自我保護(hù)意識(shí)，為構(gòu)建平安和諧、健康向上的校園環(huán)境而不懈努力!

　　謝謝大家!

ted演講篇34

　　How people achieve their dreams

　　When we think about the dreams we have, and the dent we want to leave in the universe.it is striking to see how big of an overlap there is.between the dreams that we have and projects that never happen.so I’m here to talk you today about five ways how not to follow your dreams.

　　One :Believe in overnight success.you know the story, rightThe tech guy built a mobie app and sold it very fast for a lot of money.You know ,the story may seem real,but I bet it’s incomplete.If you go investigate further,the guy has done 30 apps before,and he has done a master’s on the topic,a Ph.D.He has been working on the topic for 20 years.your overnight success story is always a result of everything you’ve done in your life through that moment.

　　Two:Believe someone else has the answers for you.Constantly,people want to help out,rightAll sort of people:your family ,your friends,your business partners,they all have opinions on which path you should take.And let me tell you,go through this pipe.But whenever you go inside,there are other ways you have to pick as well.And you need to make those decisions yourself.No one else has the perfect answers for your life.And you need to keep picking those decisions,rightThe pipes are infinite and you’re going to bump your head,and it’s a part of the process.

　　Three,and it’s very subtle but very important:Decide to settle when growth is guaranteed.So your life is going great,you have put together a great team,and you have growing revenue,and everything is set,time to settle.Even if I did little, sales would be okay. But okay is never okay. When you’re growing towards a peak, you need to work harder than ever and find yourself another peak.Maybe if I did little, a couple hundred thousand people would read it, and that’s great already. But if I work harder than ever, I can bring this number up to millions. And I can already see a higher peak.there’s no time to settle down.

　　Fourth tip, and that’s really important:Believe the fault is someone else’s. I constantly see people saying, “yes, I had this great idea, but no investor had the vision to invest.” “oh, I created this great product, but the market is so bad,the sales didn’t go well.” Or, I can’t find good talent;my team is so below expectations.” If you have dreams, it’s your responsibility to make them happen. Yes ,it may be hard to find talent. Yes the market may be bad. But if no one invested in your idea,if no one bought your product, for sure,there is something that is your fault. You need to get your dreams and make them happen. And no one achieved their goals alone. But if you didn’t make them happen, it’s your fault and no one else’s. be responsible for your dreams.

　　And one last tip, and this one is really important as well: Believe that the only things that matter are the dreams themselves. Once I saw an ad , and it was a lot of friends , they were going up a mountain, it was a very high mountain, and it was a lot of work. You could see that they were sweating and this was tough. And they were going up, and they finally made it to the peak. Of course, they decided to celebrate, rightI’m going to celebrate, “yes we made it ,we’re at the top!” two seconds later, one looks at the other and says, “okay let’s go down.” Life is never about the goals themselves. Life is about the journey. Yes, you should enjoy the goals themselves, but people think that you have dreams, and whenever you get to reaching one of those dreams, it’s magical place

　　where happiness will be all around. But achieving a dream is a momentary sensation, and you life is not. The only way to really achieve all of your dreams is to fully enjoy step of your journey. That’s the best way. And your journey is simple it’s made of step. Some steps will be right on. Sometimes you will trip. If it’s right on, celebrate, because some people wait a lot to celebrate. And if you tripped, turn that into something to learn. If every step becomes something to learn or something to celebrate, you will for sure enjoy the journey.

　　Believe me, if you do that, you will destroy your dreams.

ted演講篇35

　　親愛的同學(xué)們：

　　大家好!

　　今天我國(guó)旗下演講的題目是《健康飲食從我做起》。

　　每一家的健康與食品息息相關(guān)，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)不斷進(jìn)步，人們飲食文化日益多樣化，食品衛(wèi)生與安全成為備受關(guān)注的話題。

　　要健康飲食，就要做到以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　1.不購(gòu)買街邊小吃或街邊小店的垃圾食品，去一些正規(guī)超市購(gòu)買食物。

　　2.買所需食品時(shí)，要注意生產(chǎn)日期、保質(zhì)期、QS生產(chǎn)許可標(biāo)志等等。

　　3.認(rèn)準(zhǔn)品牌購(gòu)買，盡量買一些有品牌的食品。

　　4.少吃油炸食品及零食，多吃蔬菜水果等有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食品。

　　5.不買價(jià)格明顯過(guò)低的食品，不要貪小失大。

　　注意以上幾點(diǎn)，就大致能做到安全飲食了。俗話說(shuō)：“民以食為天”。說(shuō)得通俗一點(diǎn)就是人們每天要吃和喝，食物是人類賴以生存的物質(zhì)。食品的質(zhì)量決定了人類生命的質(zhì)量。因此，食品必須是安全的并且有益健康的。

　　同時(shí)，也呼吁食品安全，關(guān)系你我他，但愿生產(chǎn)者不再為食品安全臉紅，國(guó)人不再為食品安全擔(dān)心，國(guó)家不再為食品安全丟臉�，F(xiàn)在，讓我們一起行動(dòng)起來(lái)，杜絕有害食品，倡導(dǎo)綠色食品!希望同學(xué)們聽了我這次的講話后都健康飲食，健康地成長(zhǎng)。

　　謝謝大家!

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