高三英語(yǔ)作文高手錦囊句子158招
作文高手錦囊句子158招
常用句型
段首句
1. ______________ is known as one of the most serious problems in today’s society. we can see it almost everywhere. as the graph depicts, ______________ .
2. from the cartoon, we can see that. it’s a forceful satire on the kind of ______________ .
3. from the first graph, we learn that ______________. according to the statistics shown in the second graph, we can see that ______________.
4. this table shown us that ______________. the figures indicate that there is an inspiring tendency of ______________.
5. what you first think of when seeing this cartoon might be that ______________. as a matter of fact, this cartoon reveals a typical social phenomenon.
6. according to the first graph, it can be seen that ______________, it can also be concluded from it that ______________.
7. there is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: ______________.
8. nowadays there is a growing concern over ______________. many people like ______________, while others are inclined to ______________.
9. nowadays, it is common to ______________. many people like ______________ because ______________. besides, ______________.
10. ______________, just like many other things, are preferred by ______________. while being attacked by the idea that ______________, some people consider ______________. they point that ______________.
11. everything has two sides and ______________ is not an exception, it has both advantages and disadvantages.
12. for years ______________ had been viewed as ______________. but people are taking a fresh look at it now.
13. it has stipulated by the government that ______________. to this stipulation, many people respond actively because ______________.
14. ______________ is a common occurrence in our daily life. whatever we do, ______________ can’t be avoided.
15. ______________ has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way.
16. recently, ______________ has become the focus of the society, and in this way.. people swarm to ______________.
17. ______________ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. it has brought us a lot of benefits but created some serious problems as well.
18. man is now facing a big problem-______________, which is becoming more and more serious. first, ______________ second, ______________.
19. nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of ______________.
20. it is only during the last years that man has become generally aware that ______________.
21. there is an old saying, ______________. it’s the experience of our forefathers, however, it is correct in many cases ever today.
22. the english proverb says, ______________. this is quite true because ______________.
23. ______________ is now______________, and at the same time ______________. these two factors have caused ______________. then what shall we do to solve ______________ in the face of such a situation.
24. one of our ancient philosophers said, ______________. chinese people have always been holding this idea to be one of their standards of morality.
25. one of the great early writers said that ______________. if this is true, the present situation should make us ponder over ______________.
26. “why do ______________?” many people often ask questions like this.
27. in recent years, there is a general tendency to ______________. according to a study, there is ______________. compared with ______________ last year. why ______________?
28. according to a survey, there is a growing number of ______________. what brings this result? the main reason rests with.
29. some people prefer to ______________. in their opinion, ______________. in addition, ______________. nevertheless, nowadays, ______________ has become more and more common.
30. today, there ______________, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. first, ______________ second, ______________. what makes things worse is that ______________.
31. nowadays, ______________ has become a problem we have to face. though it’s easier said than done, with the help of modern technology, we now have many means to solve it.
32. many people are inclined to ______________. in their opinion, ______________. they believe that ______________.
33. from the graph/chart, we know the statistics of ______________ and ______________. it can be seen easily that ______________.
34. according to the two graphs presented, it can be observed that ______________. in the left graph, ______________. at the same time, ______________ as the right graph shows.
35. the graph shows the general trend in ______________.
36. according to the figures/numbers/statistics/percentages in the table/chart/bar graph/line graph, it can be seen that ______________. obviously, ______________, but why?
37. the figure indicates/shows/suggests/proves that ______________. there is a steady/rapid development/trend of ______________.
38. these days we are often told that ______________. but is it true?
39. these days we often hear about ______________. but is this really the case?
40. one of the great writers once said that ______________. now it still has a realistic significance.
41. in our history, the idea that ______________ never has been so popular. on one hand, ______________, on the other hand, ______________.
42. there are different opinions among people as to ______________. some people suggest that ______________.
43. some people hold the opinion that ______________ is superior to ______________ in many ways: others, however, disagree with it.
44. nowadays although more and more people ______________, still there are some who think ______________, they may think ______________.
中間段
1. the most obvious reason for this phenomenon is that ______________. consequently, ______________.
2. no matter you like it or not, aaa has become more and more popular and there are many reason for it.
3. it’s an urgent task for us to change this unfavorable situation: ______________.
4. the picture can reminds you of some strange, yet familiar phenomena existing in our society.
5. a great number of solutions are being offered. some people suggest that ______________. others argue that ______________.
6. confronted with aaa, we should take a serious of effective measures to cope with the situation.
7. however, ______________ may cause some problems. first, it is ______________. second, ______________. finally, ______________. so, it is clear that ______________ has its advantages and disadvantages.
8. although ______________ has a great advantage of ______________, it can’t compete with ______________ in ______________.
9. ______________ may be preferable to ______________, but ______________ suffers from the disadvantages that ______________.
10. the advantages of ______________ are much greater that those of ______________. for instance, ______________.
11. ______________ may be preferable to ______________, but it also suffers from the disadvantages that ______________.
12. but i don’t think it is a very good way to solve ______________. for instance, ______________. worst of all, ______________.
13. there are many ways to ______________. first, ______________. second, ______________. third, ______________.
14. on the contrary, there are some people in favor of ______________. they believe ______________. moreover, they think ______________.
15. there are several measures for us to adopt. first, we can ______________, there are a number of advantages of ______________. another solution is to ______________.
16. it is high time that something was done about it. for example, ______________. in addition, ______________. all these measures will certainly ______________.
17. there are some other people, who ______________. their reasons are different, something for ______________, sometimes for ______________, and sometimes simply for ______________.
18. ______________ is necessary and important to our country’s development and construction. first, ______________. what’s more, ______________. most important of all, ______________.
19. however, if not managed properly, ______________ can create many problems. sometimes ______________. furthermore, ______________. therefore, ______________ has been gaining public concern.
20. there are probably many reasons for ______________. first, ______________. second, ______________. finally, ______________.
21. well, why is there ______________? i think there might be two reasons. one is ______________, and the other is ______________.
22. there are, i think, two main reasons for ______________. in the first place, ______________. in the second place, ______________. therefore, ______________.
23. why ______________? for one thing, ______________. for another, ______________. perhaps the main reason is ______________.
24. it is no easy job to find the reasons for this tendency which involves several complicated factors. for some ______________. for others ______________.
25. why ______________? the first reason is that ______________. the second reason is ______________. the third is ______________. for all this, the main cause of ______________ is due to ______________.
26. it is reasonable to maintain that ______________, but it would be foolish to persist that ______________. there are three reasons ______________.
27. the explanation for this problem involves many factors. for one thins, ______________. for another, ______________. still ______________.
28. the causes for ______________ are varied. they include ______________. perhaps the main cause is ______________.
29. the eventual result it brings out is ______________. and perhaps the most obvious result of ______________ is ______________.
30. however, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______________ also has its own disadvantages, such as, ______________. besides, ______________.
31. ______________ will bring the society many benefits. for one thing, ______________. for another thing, ______________.
32. why ______________? some ______________. and the most common case is that ______________. the notable example is to ______________.
33. there are many reasons responsible for this instance, and the following are the typical ones. for one thing, ______________, in addition, ______________. the main reason is that ______________.
34. people had figured out many ways to solve this problem. firstly ______________. though this method has its good sides like it can ______________. one of its bad sides it brings about is that it can ______________.
35. some reasons can explain the trend. first, ______________. second, ______________. third, ______________.
36. one of the reasons that is given for ______________ is that ______________.
37. a further reason why i advocate an attitude of ______________ is that ______________.
38. what is more, the essence of ______________ is that ______________, although we cannot, most of us ______________.
39. nonetheless, i reckon that ______________ is more advantageous.
40. from a personal perspective, i also prefer to ______________ because ______________.
41. to make a moral point, i feel that ______________ is important for ______________ is that ______________.
42. the main reason why i feel that ______________ is important for ______________ is that ______________.
43. ______________ is superior in several ways, of which perhaps the most fundamental is that ______________.
44. there are numerous reasons why ______________, and i shall here explore only a few of the most important ones.
45. one very strong argument for ______________ is that______________.
46. moving on to wider themes, many people would argue that ______________ is important for ______________ because ______________.
47. of course, i am aware that both ways have potential pitfalls.
48. the advantages of ______________ carry more weight that those of ______________.
49. i can think of better illustration of this idea than the example of ______________.
50. perhaps the most important example of ______________ is ______________.
51. i fully agree with the statement that ______________. the reasons are chiefly as follows.
52. i fully agree with the statement that ______________ because ______________.
53. as far as i am concerned, my favor goes to ______________. the followings are the reasons of my choices. firstly ______________, secondly, ______________.
54. of these two ways of ______________, i inclined to this point of view which ______________. first of all, ______________, secondly, ______________.
55. but there are still many people who don’t agree. they argue that ______________.
56. however, the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. the idea is easily supported by foots that ______________.
57. for all the disadvantages, ______________ has its compensating advantages. firstly ______________, secondly, ______________..
結(jié)尾句
1. the most effective means to solve this problem is that ______________. in that case, ______________.
2. everything has its own two sides, no exception with aaa. for one thing, ______________. for another, ______________.
3. my experience tells me that to ______________ needs a thorough and persevering process, and in this process you had better abide by the principles mentioned above.
4. on the whole, it is high time that we recognized the significance of ______________.
5. as a result, we should take some effective methods to ______________.
6. judging by the figures, we can draw a conclusion that ______________.
7. in a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______________. only in this way can ______________ in the future.
8. in my opinion, we should place much emphasis on the importance of ______________.
9. but ______________ and ______________ have their own advantages. for example, ______________, while ______________. comparing those two, however, i prefer to ______________.
10. in my opinion, ______________ is just as common as ______________. if ______________, it may be very useful. whatever ______________, the key point lies in ______________.
11. are their opinions correct? to my mind, the first idea seems ______________. as for the second idea, ______________.
12. as a popular saying goes, ______________. in my opinion what really counts is not ______________, but ______________. i believer that as long as ______________, we will ______________. so i am for the opinion that ______________.
13. in my opinion, both sides are partly right. when we ______________, we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems, and then make the right decision.
14. personally, i believer that ______________. consequently, i’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ______________.
15. in my opinion, all of the people should be brave enough to show our disapproval and criticism when confronted with ______________.
16. people are coming to realize the importance of ______________. they have begun to try their best to ______________. we believe that ______________.
17. all in all, we cannot live without ______________ . but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with problems that would arise.
18. whatever you do, please remember the saying- ______________. if you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll definitely benefit a lot from it.
19. with the development of society, ______________. so it’s urgent and necessary to ______________. if every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.
20. it is difficult to say whether ______________ is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of ______________. however, from a personal point of view i find ______________.
21. it is essential that effective actions should be taken to end the situation.
22. it is no doubt that special attention must be paid to the problem of ______________.
23. but both ______________ and ______________ have disadvantages. for example, ______________. which to choose, ______________ or ______________? careful consideration is necessary before you make your own choice.
24. from what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that ______________.
25. we must search for a quick action, because the present situation of ______________ is grievous, if allowed to proceed, will certainly lead to ______________.
26. no doubt, if we ignore the problem, there is every chance that ______________ will be put in danger.
27. we need to take a second look at the matter from a wider standpoint, otherwise, we won’t ______________.
28. it is high time that ______________. here are some of the measures that might be taken immediately.
29. in conclusion, we should know about the problem of ______________, and object to ______________. only in this way ______________.
30. although it is affected by many factors, still there are certain ways that can make the situation better. the most import is ______________. another way is ______________. still another one is ______________.
31. many solutions are offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. the problem should be studied in depth.
32. no easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ______________. but the common recognition of the importance of ______________ might be the first step on the right way.
33. it is clear, therefore, that the task of ______________ demands great attention.
34. we may have a long way to go before we reach the final goal. but once we are on the way, the chance to reach it is greater.
35. but for me, i would rather think of the matter in an optimistic way. because i believe ______________.
36. we all know the story of ______________. this lesson tells us that ______________, we should ______________.
37. my own point of view is that ______________ is a normal behavior in our society. there is no doubt that ______________. as an old saying goes, ______________.
38. if we can’t take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is ______________.
39. however, this graph may not predict the entire situation in the future. i believe ______________.
40. from the graph it is evident that ______________.
41. from all the reasons above, we know that great changes had taken place in ______________. and i believe that ______________.
42. taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that ______________.
43. for the reasons given above, i strongly recommend that ______________.
44. given the factors i have just outlined, i believe that ______________.
45. therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that ______________.
46. recognizing the fact that ______________ should lead us to conclude that ______________.
47. in short, i support the statement that it is better to ______________ because ______________.
48. after pondering this question on many occasions, i have finally reached the conclusion that ______________ is something i truly want to do and it is worthwhile.
49. my point of view in ______________ largely results from the fact that ______________.
50. now after close examination, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that ______________.
51. from what has been discussed above, you can get your preference. personally, i think ______________ has more advantages.
52. on the one hand, it has helped china ______________. on the other hand, it has increased china’s ______________, and at the same time, made great contributions to our national development.
53. in my opinion, to solve this problem there might be two ways. one way to tackle this question is ______________. another way that is worth adopting is ______________.
54. as far as i am concerned, i trust the advantages mentioned above exceed the disadvantages.
55. for me, ______________ is a glory and it is the most important thing i have to take into feasible consideration.
56. as regards me, i tend to pick ______________, for ______________. what’s more, ______________.
57. if i were given a choice between ______________ and ______________, i would certainly prefer ______________. for me, ______________.
常用的形容詞和副詞：
absurd 荒唐的
addictive 上癮的
affectionate 有感情的
aggressive 有上進(jìn)心的
alert 敏銳的；警惕的
arduous 費(fèi)勁的
artistic 藝術(shù)的
authoritative 權(quán)威性的
awkward 尷尬的
balanced 平衡的
cogent 使人信服的
cold-blooded 冷血的
cold-hearted 無(wú)情的
compassionate 富有同情心的
compatible 兼容的
complicated 復(fù)雜的
confident 自信的
contemptible 可鄙的
contributive 有貢獻(xiàn)的
corrupt 腐敗的
delicious 美味可口的
demanding 要求高的
detrimental 有害的
devious 偏離正道的
dishonorable 不光彩的
disturbed 受到干擾的
eccentric 古怪的
economical 經(jīng)濟(jì)的
enlightened 開(kāi)明的；文明的
evil 邪惡的
exotic 異國(guó)的
fallacious 荒謬的
fashionable 時(shí)髦的
feasible 可行的
fictitious 虛假的
flexile 靈活多樣的
fruitful 有成效的
glamorous 富有魅力的
gorgeous 輝煌的
humane 人道的
ignorant (of) 無(wú)視的；無(wú)知的
impressive 令人印象深刻的
inborn 天生的
incompatible 不調(diào)和的
incompatible 不和適宜的
inconceivable 不可思議的
indecent 不妥的；不檢點(diǎn)的
indifferent 冷漠的
indispensable 不可或缺的
inexhaustible 取之不盡的
infectious 傳染性的
inferior 低人一等的
infirm （身體）弱的
influential 有影響力的
ingrain 根深蒂固的
inhumane 不人道的
initially 首先
innocent 多管閑事的
inquisitive 有害無(wú)益
insalubrious 有教育意義的
instructive 智力的
intellectual 中間的；過(guò)渡的
interim 人際關(guān)系的
interpersonal 密切的
intimate 不可侵犯的
inviolable 內(nèi)在的
inward 不可挽回的
irreparable 不可抵抗的
irresistible 不可挽回的
irritating 惱人的
isolated (from) 隔絕的
laudable 可贊譽(yù)的
lavishly 大方的
legitimate 合法的
loyal 忠誠(chéng)的
luxurious 奢侈的
magnanimous 寬宏大量的
mature 成熟的
misleading 誤導(dǎo)的
misrepresented 不如實(shí)敘述的
money-oriented 向錢(qián)看的
multilateral 對(duì)方面的
nourished 有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的
obscure 晦澀的
old-fashioned/out of date 過(guò)時(shí)的
palatable 美味的
perilous 危險(xiǎn)的
permissive 寬容的；許可的
pernicious 有害無(wú)益的
pornographic 色情的
potential 潛在的
practical 實(shí)際的；務(wù)實(shí)的
preferential 優(yōu)惠的
pressing 緊迫的
prevailing 占主導(dǎo)地位的；流行的
professional 專(zhuān)業(yè)的
prosperous 繁榮昌盛的
prudent 明智的
psychological 心理上
rational 理性的
resentful 憤怒的
reverse 相反的
rewarding 值得的
ridiculous 荒謬的
rigid 嚴(yán)格的
rough 粗略的
self-contemptuous 自卑的
shabby 破舊不堪的
sheltered 受保護(hù)的
sociable 好交際的
sole 唯一的
stern/strict 嚴(yán)格的
stressful 有壓力的
stringent 嚴(yán)厲的
stylish 時(shí)髦的
superficial 表面現(xiàn)象的
tempting 吸引人的
time-honored 久享盛名的
traditional 傳統(tǒng)的
typical 典型的
unadvised 輕率的
uncompromising 不妥協(xié)的
unconcerned 冷漠的
uneasy 不自在的
unethical 不道德的
unfeeling 冷漠的
unhealthy 不健康的
unified 同一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的
unique 獨(dú)特的
unjust 不公平的
unscrupulous 肆無(wú)忌憚的
unsociable 不善于社交的
untimely 不和適宜的
unwholesome 不健康的
utterly 完全；絕對(duì)地
vexing 令人煩惱的
vivid 形象的
voluntary 自愿的
vulnerable 易受傷害的
well-grounded 有充足理由的
wholesome 健康的
雅思寫(xiě)作常用單詞----常用的名詞
常用的名詞：
abolishment 廢除
absurdity 荒唐；謬論
abuse 濫用
achievement 成績(jī)
acquaintance 熟人
adaptation 改寫(xiě)；適應(yīng)
admiration 崇拜
adventurer/explorer 探險(xiǎn)者
adverse impact 負(fù)面影響
adversity 逆境
affection 友情/感情
alienation 疏遠(yuǎn)
ambition 志向
amusement 娛樂(lè)
anecdote 軼事
apathy 冷漠無(wú)情
approach 鼓掌
architecture 建筑
art 藝術(shù)
assault 攻擊
assessment 評(píng)估
association 聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系
athlete 運(yùn)動(dòng)員
availability 可得到的東西
barrier 妨礙
behavior 行為
beneficiary 受益人
budget 預(yù)算
burden 負(fù)擔(dān)
campaign 運(yùn)動(dòng)
candidate 候選人
capacity 能力
celebrity 名人
character 性格
characteristic 特征
charm 魅力
clerk 職員
cohesion 凝聚力
colleague 同事
collectivism 集體主義
comfort 舒適
commercial 商業(yè)廣告
commercialization 商業(yè)化
commodity 商品
companion/partner 同伴
conformity 一致
consensus 同意
consultation 咨詢(xún)
consumption 消費(fèi)
content 內(nèi)容
contentment 滿(mǎn)意；滿(mǎn)足
contribution 貢獻(xiàn)
correlation 相關(guān)性
costume 服裝
creativity 創(chuàng)造性
criteria 條件
cruelty 殘忍
customer 顧客
cyber crime 網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪
depression 沮喪；低沉
deprivation 剝奪
descendant 后代
deterioration 惡化
detour 繞道
developed countries 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家
developing countries 發(fā)展中國(guó)家
digestion 消化吸收
dignity 尊嚴(yán)
discipline 紀(jì)律
discomfort 不舒服
discontent 不滿(mǎn)足
discrimination 歧視；區(qū)別
disgust 反感
disorder 無(wú)序狀態(tài)
disorientation 迷失方向感
disposition 性格
distraction 干擾
diversity 多樣化；多樣性
domain 領(lǐng)域
duplication 重復(fù)（建設(shè)）
duration
economy 耐用
employee 雇員
employer 雇主
endeavor 努力做
enjoyment 享受
enthusiasm 熱情；狂熱
equality 平等
evaluation 評(píng)價(jià)
exception 例外
exhibition 展覽
exploration 探險(xiǎn)
export 出口
favor 喜好
feature 特點(diǎn)
fidelity 忠實(shí)
flexibility 靈活性
forefather/ancestors 祖先
freedom 自由
frustration 挫折
gallery 美術(shù)館
garment 服裝
goodwill 善意
grace 雅致
graduate 畢業(yè)生
guardian 監(jiān)護(hù)人
halt 停止；終止
hardship 艱難險(xiǎn)阻
heritage 遺產(chǎn)
horizon 地平線(xiàn)
hostility 敵對(duì)
humanity 人性
idol 偶像
immunity 免疫力
import 進(jìn)口
indication 跡象
indictment 控告
indifference 不關(guān)心
individuality 個(gè)性化
industry 工業(yè)；行業(yè)
inequality 不平等
infrastructure 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施
ingenuity 獨(dú)創(chuàng)性
initiative 主動(dòng)性
instruction 教導(dǎo)
instructor 教師
integrity 誠(chéng)實(shí)
intellectual 知識(shí)分子
intelligence 智能
interaction 交際
interference 干涉
interpretation 解釋
intolerance 不寬容
intrusiveness 干涉
involvement 參與
jealousy 妒忌
jogging 慢跑
joint effort 共同努力
journalist/correspondent 記者
joy/delight 歡樂(lè)
lack 缺乏
landmark 標(biāo)志性建筑；里程碑
license 執(zhí)照
life expectancy/life span 壽命
literacy 讀寫(xiě)能力
manufacturer 制造商
match 匹配
measure 測(cè)量；評(píng)估
millennium 千年
minority 少數(shù)人
misconduct 行為不端
morality 道德
motion 抗議
muscle 肌肉
myopia 近視
nationality 民族；國(guó)籍
norm 準(zhǔn)則
notion 觀(guān)念；想法
obligation 義務(wù)
obstacle 障礙物
occupation 職業(yè)
opponent 對(duì)手
originality 獨(dú)創(chuàng)性
outcome 產(chǎn)物
outlook 觀(guān)點(diǎn)；景色
participation 參與
pastime 消遣
peer 同齡人
penalty 刑罰；處罰
perseverance 堅(jiān)定不移
personality 性格
perspective 看法
popularity 普及；流行
popularization 普及
practice 做法
precaution 防范
prerogative 特權(quán)
principle 原則
profession/occupation 職業(yè)
proficiency 精通
promotion 提升
prospect 前景
prosperity 繁榮
protocol 協(xié)議
prudence 慎重
public opinion 輿論
punishment 懲罰
purity 純潔性
rebellion 反叛
recovery 恢復(fù)
regression 衰退
regulator 監(jiān)控者
reliability 可心度
remedy/therapy 療法
remote education 遠(yuǎn)程教育
revelation 揭示/表現(xiàn)
revenue 總收入
reward 獎(jiǎng)賞；報(bào)酬
rumor/gossip 謠言；傳聞
satisfaction 滿(mǎn)足
self-discipline 自律
self-respect/self-esteem 自尊心
shortcoming 缺點(diǎn)
side-effect 副作用
signal 信號(hào)
skyscraper 摩天大樓
sociologist 社會(huì)學(xué)家
soul 靈魂
specialty 專(zhuān)業(yè)
spelling 拼寫(xiě)
status 地位
stereotype 成見(jiàn)
straightforwardness 直率
strain 壓力；過(guò)度勞累
strategy 策略
strength 實(shí)力
stress 壓力
substance 物質(zhì)
supplement 補(bǔ)充
sympathy 同情
symptom 癥狀
talent 人才
teenager 青少年
temper 性情；煩躁
temptation 誘惑
threshold 開(kāi)端
tip 提示；技巧
tolerance 寬容
tragedy 悲劇
trait 特點(diǎn)
trap 陷阱
triviality 瑣事
troublemaker 搗亂者
tutor 導(dǎo)師
uniformity 一致
vanity 虛榮心
variety 多樣性；種類(lèi)
verdict 判決
vexation 煩惱
victim 受害者
vitality/vigor/energy/vim 活力；精力
void 空虛
warmth 溫暖
weakness 缺點(diǎn)
withdrawal 退出；撤退
zeal 熱情
雅思寫(xiě)作常用單詞----常用的動(dòng)詞
常用的動(dòng)詞：
abide by/obey/observe 遵守
abolish 廢除
abuse 虐待；濫用
accommodate 供給；調(diào)節(jié)
acquire 獲取
adore 崇拜；愛(ài)慕
allocate 分配
alter 改變
appeal to/attract 吸引
approach 對(duì)待；處理
approve of 贊成
arise 出現(xiàn)
arouse 激發(fā)
assume 承擔(dān)（責(zé)任）
attach 賦予；粘上
attain/obtain/acquire 獲�。坏玫�
attend 參加；就讀
ban 禁止
blossom 興旺發(fā)達(dá)
boom 繁榮
bring sb./sth. into full play 充分調(diào)動(dòng)……的積極性
censor 審查
characterize 以……為特色
charge 收費(fèi)
cherish 珍視
claim 宣稱(chēng)
coexist 共存
coincide with 與……相符
collect 收集
commute 來(lái)回往返于
condemn 譴責(zé)
consult 咨詢(xún)
contaminate 污染
contribute to 貢獻(xiàn)
crack down on 打擊
cultivate 培養(yǎng)
defy 不服從；藐視
degenerate 退化
degrade 使降級(jí)
depreciate 貶值
deprive (of) 剝奪
desert 拋棄
detect 偵查
deter 阻止
deteriorate 惡化
determine 決定
disclose 揭露
discourage 使氣餒
diversify 使多樣化
divert 使分心
dominate 占優(yōu)勢(shì)
drop out 退學(xué)；放棄
eliminate 消除
endanger 危害
enlighten 啟發(fā)
enrich 豐富
entertain 招待；娛樂(lè)
evaluate 評(píng)價(jià)
evolve 演變
exaggerate 夸張
exert 施加（壓力）
expel 排除；開(kāi)除
explore 探究
expose 揭露
give full play to 充分發(fā)揮
guarantee 保證；擔(dān)保
hamper 妨礙；牽制
hinder/impede/block/hamper 阻礙
idealize 理想化
identify 辨認(rèn)
ignore 無(wú)視；不理睬
imitate 模仿
impair 危害；傷害
impose/confine/place restrictions on/restrict/limit 限制
incur 招致；引發(fā)
inflict 使……承受
inherit 繼承
innovate 改革創(chuàng)新
invent money in 投資
install/set up/erect/fix/mount 安裝
lavish 浪費(fèi)
maltreat 虐待
maximize 最大化
minimize 使最小化
mould/build 塑造
neglect 忽視
oblige 強(qiáng)迫
observe/follow 遵從
overcome 克服（困難）
participate 參與
perform 履行；表演
please 取悅
preserve 保留；保護(hù)
prohibit 禁止
publicize 宣傳
pursue 追求
quit 放棄
quote 引用
refine 精煉
reflect 反映
reform 改革
refresh 使恢復(fù)
regulate 管制；調(diào)控
rehabilitate 改造
reject 剔除
relax 修養(yǎng)
release 釋放
render 給予
represent 代表
resort to 速諸于；采取
restore 重建；恢復(fù)
restrain 約束
retain 保留
roam 閑逛
sacrifice 犧牲
shirk 回避
shun 回避
signify 表示；意味
spoil/indulge 寵壞；溺愛(ài)
spread 傳播
steer 駛向；掌舵
stick to 堅(jiān)持
stimulate 刺激
stipulate/set 規(guī)定
substitute 代替
supervise 監(jiān)督
control 控制
surpass 超過(guò)
survive 生存
threaten 威脅
tolerate 忍受
treasure 珍視
trigger 引發(fā)
underestimate 低估
undermine 危害
unload 擺脫負(fù)擔(dān)
vanish 消失
wither 退化；萎縮
wreck 摧毀
常用的名言和諺語(yǔ)
virtue and a trade are the best portion for children.
德行和一門(mén)技能是孩子最好的遺產(chǎn)。
better early than late.
寧早勿遲。
a man can do no more than he can.
量力而行。
honesty and diligence should be your eternal mates.
誠(chéng)實(shí)和勤奮應(yīng)成為你永遠(yuǎn)的伴侶。
early birds catch worms.
早起的鳥(niǎo)兒有蟲(chóng)吃。
every coin has its two sides.
有利有弊。
every man has his hobby-horse.
人各有所好。
every man has his his taste.
人各有所好。
every one is born equal.
人人生而平等。
every rose has its thorn.
每朵玫瑰都有刺。
good things stay indoors while bad things will go far away.
好事不出門(mén)，壞事傳千里。
gossip is a fearing thing.
人言可畏。
he who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl.
近朱者赤，近墨者黑。
it is never too late to learn.
學(xué)習(xí)永遠(yuǎn)不嫌晚。
where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
health is better than wealth.
健康勝于財(cái)富。
a contented mind is a perpetual feast.
知足長(zhǎng)樂(lè)。
a friend in need is a friend indeed.
患難見(jiàn)真情。
every advantage has its disadvantages.
有利必有弊。
every little makes a nickel.
積少成多。
self-trust is the first secret of success.
自信是成功的第一秘訣。
example is better than precept.
言傳不如身教。
no pains , no gains.
不勞無(wú)獲。
throw the baby out with the bath water.
把洗澡水連同嬰兒一起倒掉。
one man's meat is another man 's poison.
百人有百好。
if the old dog barks, he gives counsel.
不聽(tīng)老人言，吃虧在眼前。
parents are the first teachers of the children.
父母是孩子的第一任老師。
different strokes for different folks.
各有所好。
an old man is treasure of a family.
家有老人便是寶。
you live with a lame, you will learn a limp.
近朱者赤，近墨者黑。
he that lives with cripples learns to limp.
近朱者赤，近墨者黑。
it is good to learn at another man's cost.
前車(chē)之鑒。
the devil knows many things because he is old.
人老監(jiān)視廣。
all bread is not baked in one oven.
人與人不同，花有幾樣紅/不能強(qiáng)求一致。
任何事情都有利有弊。
forgetting history means betrayal.
忘記歷史意味著背叛。
strictness helps, indulgence spoils.
嚴(yán)是愛(ài)；松是害。
father is one hundred headmasters.
一個(gè)父親勝過(guò)百個(gè)老師。
all work without play makes jack a dull boy.
只干活不玩耍，聰明的孩子會(huì)變傻。
never put off until tomorrow what can be done today.
今天的事情今天干。
if you want to understand today, you have to research yesterday.
要想懂的得今天，就必須研究昨天。
each man has his limitation.
人各有極限。
they that live longest see most.
人越老，越有智慧。
think thrice before we leap.
三思而后行。
too much liberty spoils all.
自由過(guò)了頭，一切亂了套。
a wise man and a fool together know more than a wise man.
三個(gè)臭皮匠賽過(guò)諸葛亮。
the older, the wiser.
年歲增長(zhǎng)，智慧增長(zhǎng)。
the onlooker sees the game best.
旁觀(guān)者清。
the spectator sees most clearly.
旁觀(guān)者清。
two heads are better than one.
三個(gè)臭皮匠賽過(guò)諸葛亮。
years bring wisdom.
年歲增長(zhǎng)智慧。
a friend is easier lost than found.
朋友易失不易得。
time waits for no man.
時(shí)不待人。
look before you leap.
三思而后行。
every man has his liking.
人各有所好。
variety is the spice of life.
多樣化是生活的調(diào)味品。
it is a two-edged sword.
它是雙刃劍。
ill news travels fast.
壞事傳千里。
knowledge is power.
知識(shí)就是力量。
life is irreversible.
生命只有一次。
more gain for more pay.
多勞多得。
no garden without weeds.
沒(méi)有花園無(wú)雜草。
no sweet without sweat.
苦盡甘來(lái)。
引用名人名言及諺語(yǔ)時(shí)，可使用如下句型：
just as the saying goers: “no garden is without weeds”, computer games have also some disadvantages.
正像常言所說(shuō):“沒(méi)有無(wú)雜草的花園”，計(jì)算機(jī)也有一些不足之處。
as the proverb goes: “every coin has its two sides”, television has both advantages and disadvantages.
正像諺語(yǔ)所說(shuō)：“任何硬幣都有兩面”，電視既有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn)。
英文寫(xiě)作中怎樣避免用詞的重復(fù)？在英語(yǔ)的文章中，我們可以看到，除了表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或?yàn)榱吮苊庖饬x的含糊外，同一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)很少在同一個(gè)句子中連續(xù)使用，有時(shí)，在一個(gè)句群或段落中也避免重復(fù)使用相同的詞。避免詞匯重復(fù)是英語(yǔ)句子的又一特點(diǎn)。這一特點(diǎn)最明顯的標(biāo)志是，英語(yǔ)代詞的使用頻率遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于漢語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)主要是通過(guò)使用代詞、同義詞、近義詞和省略等手段來(lái)避免重復(fù)。
1.使用代詞回避重復(fù)
這是最普通，也是常見(jiàn)的一種方法。
can you mend this table? i broke it yesterday.
你會(huì)修理這張桌子嗎?昨天我把它弄壞了。
when the entered，each was given a small present.
孩子們進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，每人都得到一份小禮物。
2.用同義詞避免重復(fù)
這里說(shuō)的同義詞是一個(gè)比較寬泛的概念。它包括范疇詞、相近詞(near-synonym)和派生詞等。
then they went on with of the peak.the climb was an extremely difficult one.
然后他們繼續(xù)向頂峰攀登，這是一次極難的攀登。
這是一個(gè)很典型的例子。如果第一次用來(lái)表達(dá)概念的詞不太常見(jiàn)，不太通俗易懂，那么第二次需要重提此概念時(shí)，作者往往用一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的字眼。如：第二句就用了同義詞climb來(lái)替代ascent這個(gè)較冷僻的詞，既避免了重復(fù)，又解釋了了ascent的意義。
the monkey's extraordinary performance was learning to operate a tractor. by the age of nine，the animal had learned to drive single-handed.
這只猴子最出色的表演是學(xué)開(kāi)拖拉機(jī)。到9歲時(shí)，它已學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)自駕駛拖拉機(jī)了。
在第二句仍要提及monkey和tractor，為了回避重復(fù)，作者用了animal和vehicle這兩個(gè)范疇詞來(lái)替代。范疇詞雖然意義寬泛，不太確切，但是在特定的上下文中一般不會(huì)引起誤解，而且行文也顯得更加活潑了。
3.用省略手段回避重復(fù)
省略的主要功能就是避免重復(fù)，并能突出新的信息。省略是英語(yǔ)的一種習(xí)慣用法，它能節(jié)省詞語(yǔ)，使語(yǔ)句結(jié)構(gòu)顯得緊湊。
1)省略名
he spoke for the first motion and against the second.(the second＝the second motion)
他贊成第一個(gè)提議，反對(duì)第二個(gè)提議。
they are fine actors.smith is the finest i've ever seen.
他們是優(yōu)秀的演員，但史密斯是我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最好的演員。
有時(shí)，名詞的省略出現(xiàn)在相同的名詞之前。
cut off the first and last parts of the play，and leave then middle.
(the first＝the first part of the play)
把這個(gè)劇本的首尾兩部分刪去，只留下中間部分。
2)省略動(dòng)詞
談到動(dòng)詞的省略，典型的例子應(yīng)首推培根關(guān)于讀書(shū)的那段名言。
some books are to be tasted，others(are)to be swallowed，and some few (are) to be chewed and digested.
書(shū)有可淺嘗者，有可盡食者，少數(shù)則需咀嚼消化。
jack needn't stay here，but george must.(＝but george must stay here)
杰克不必留下了，可是喬治必須留下來(lái)。
john won the first race and jim(won) the second.
約翰勝了第一場(chǎng)比賽，吉姆勝了第二場(chǎng)。
3)省略形容詞
相比較而言，英語(yǔ)中省略形容詞來(lái)避免重復(fù)的情形，不如其他詞類(lèi)多。
robert seemed angry，and george certainly was(angry).
羅伯特似乎生氣了，而喬治肯定是生氣了。
4)省略從句
i did not notice it till too late.(＝till it was too late)
等我注意到這事時(shí)，已經(jīng)晚了。
l must get it done what ever the cost.(＝what ever the cost may be)
無(wú)論代價(jià)如何，我也要把這事辦成。
he gave the same answer as before.(＝as he has given before)
他的回答和從前一樣。
為了回避詞語(yǔ)的重復(fù)，人們通常采用以上這3種省略手段。省略手段看似容易，因?yàn)橛行﹥?nèi)容可以略去不表，其實(shí)不然，能夠做到正確地省略，說(shuō)明一個(gè)人句子的運(yùn)用能力已經(jīng)達(dá)到純熟的地步。有運(yùn)用得當(dāng)?shù)氖÷跃涓茱@示出學(xué)習(xí)者英語(yǔ)的規(guī)范性、地道性。避免重復(fù)是英語(yǔ)句子表達(dá)的一條原則。但是從詞類(lèi)的角度看，重復(fù)的多是名詞、動(dòng)詞和形容詞這些實(shí)詞，而詞義較抽象的代詞、介詞、助動(dòng)詞等虛詞則不怕重復(fù)。這樣看來(lái)，英語(yǔ)句子是“避實(shí)就虛”，而虛詞的重復(fù)常常是為了避免實(shí)詞的重復(fù)。
4.避免重復(fù)與避免中式英語(yǔ)
避免重復(fù)這條原則對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)生還有一層特殊的意義。受漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣的影響，中國(guó)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)思想時(shí)，常常不自覺(jué)地加上不必要的修飾語(yǔ)。這些修飾語(yǔ)雖然在漢語(yǔ)中也是重復(fù)(如毫無(wú)根據(jù)的捏造)，但是它們顯得自然，符合漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣�？墒�，如果把這些修飾語(yǔ)也譯成英語(yǔ)，效果就適得其反了，既累贅，又有失表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確。
例如：漢語(yǔ)中，我們可以說(shuō)，“請(qǐng)給我們多提寶貴意見(jiàn)”，但是用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)時(shí)就不必說(shuō)please gives us your valuable opinions.別人能提出意見(jiàn)、建議，我們肯定應(yīng)該認(rèn)為是寶貴的，再用valuable一詞就是多余的，正確的說(shuō)法應(yīng)是your opinions will be appreciated.還有一個(gè)典型的例子，在表達(dá)“他的病情好多了”這一漢語(yǔ)句子時(shí)，中國(guó)學(xué)生往往說(shuō)成his sick condition is much better.實(shí)際上，condition本身就表示“疾病”(sickness，illness)，所以句中的sick也是一種無(wú)意義的重復(fù)，地道的表達(dá)方法是his condition is much better.或者可以更簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)he is much better.
此外，在用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)漢語(yǔ)中的“吃飯”、“讀書(shū)”、“唱歌”、“付錢(qián)”、“換車(chē)”這些動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)的概念時(shí)，中國(guó)學(xué)生往往把賓語(yǔ)表達(dá)出來(lái)，而實(shí)際上，英語(yǔ)的有些動(dòng)詞本身已經(jīng)含有賓語(yǔ)所表示的意思，不言自明，一般是可以省略的，加上賓語(yǔ)則有可能形成畫(huà)蛇添足，說(shuō)出中國(guó)式的英語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)舉例如下：
have you heard(any news) from your daughter recently?
近來(lái)你得到你女兒的消息了嗎?
"to hear from somebody" 就含有“聽(tīng)到某人的消息”，“接到某人來(lái)信”的意思。
write(letters)to me often.
經(jīng)常給我寫(xiě)信。
dick was mad about books.he made notes while he read.(＝while he read books)
迪克特別愛(ài)讀書(shū)，他讀書(shū)時(shí)總是作筆記。
it's through train, you don't have to change anywhere.(＝y(tǒng)ou don't have to change trains anywhere)
這是一超支達(dá)車(chē)，你不需要在任何地方換車(chē)。
he paid(money) to see the show.
他花了錢(qián)去看演出。
以上各例中，動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)是不言而喻的。如果不是特別需要強(qiáng)調(diào)，賓語(yǔ)可以省略。不省略，雖然符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，也不構(gòu)成理解錯(cuò)誤，但是在表達(dá)方式上與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用法不符，影響語(yǔ)言的地道性。
避免重復(fù)這一原則在書(shū)面英語(yǔ)中體現(xiàn)比較嚴(yán)格，相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)，口語(yǔ)中則具有較大的靈活性
高考書(shū)面表達(dá)怎樣運(yùn)用復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)和高級(jí)詞匯
近幾年的高考《考試說(shuō)明》中,關(guān)于高考英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第五檔(很好)中有這樣一段話(huà):"應(yīng)用了較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯;語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤,但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致。"這就是說(shuō),學(xué)生僅運(yùn)用基礎(chǔ)的詞匯和基本的句型,不能體現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力,即使表達(dá)無(wú)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤,也不能得高分;相反有些錯(cuò)誤,目的在有意識(shí)地使用復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯,也不扣分,仍屬于最高檔次。高考把寫(xiě)作要求提到了這樣一個(gè)高度,有利于反映學(xué)生的水平層次,有利于指導(dǎo)教學(xué)。原來(lái)"要點(diǎn)完整,語(yǔ)言無(wú)誤,行文連貫,表達(dá)清楚"的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就落后了�！ ≡谄綍r(shí)的教學(xué)中,訓(xùn)練最多的,學(xué)生們也最習(xí)慣的是五種基本句型:①主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ);②主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ);③主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ);④主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ);⑤主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。用這些句型組織的句子單一、無(wú)生氣,不能給人一種含金量高的審美享受。客觀(guān)形勢(shì)對(duì)我們提出了高難度的要求,我們?cè)鯓硬拍軐?duì)書(shū)面表達(dá)進(jìn)行科學(xué)的操作?怎樣才能控制寫(xiě)作呢?本文擬就這一課題進(jìn)行討論,希望能給學(xué)生以啟迪,調(diào)動(dòng)積極性,開(kāi)拓思維,培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新精神�！ ∈紫�,在整篇文章中,避免只使用一兩個(gè)句型,要靈活運(yùn)用各種語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),使文章有聲有色�！ ∫�、改變時(shí)態(tài) 例:the bell is ringing now.(一般) there goes the bell! (高級(jí)) 二、改變語(yǔ)態(tài) 例:people suggest that the conference be put off.(一般) it is suggested that the conference be put off. (高級(jí)) 三、使用不定式 例:he is so kind that he can help me.(一般) he is so kind as to help me.(高級(jí)) 四、使用過(guò)去分詞 例:①she walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般) followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高級(jí)) ②once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般) once seen, it can never be forgotten.(高級(jí)) 五、使用v-ing形式 例:①when he arrives, please give me an e-mail.(一般) on arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.(高級(jí)) �、趇f the weather permits, i'll come tomorrow.(一般) i'll come tomorrow, weather permitting.(高級(jí)) 六、使用名詞性從句 例:①it disappointed everybody that he didn't turn up.(一般) the fact that he didn't turn up disappointed everybody.(高級(jí)) �、趇 happened to have met him.(一般) it happened that i had met him.(高級(jí)) ③to his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般) what surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.(高級(jí)) 七、使用定語(yǔ)從句 例:the girl is spoken highly of. her composition was well written.(一般) the girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高級(jí)) 八、使用狀語(yǔ)從句 例:①i won't believe what he says.(一般) no matter what he says, i won't believe.(高級(jí)) �、趇f you come back before six o'clock, you can go out.(一般) you can go out on condition that(provided that) you come back before six o'clock.(高級(jí)) �、踚f she doesn't agree, what shall we do?(一般) supposing that she doesn't agree, what shall we do?(高級(jí)) 九、使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣
高考英語(yǔ)作文的一些實(shí)用技巧
(一)掌握技巧：(1)注意篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，合理布局開(kāi)始部分(opening paragraph)——說(shuō)出文中的要點(diǎn)、核心問(wèn)題。正文部分(body paragraphs)——圍繞主題開(kāi)展敘述、討論。結(jié)尾部分(concluding paragraphs)——對(duì)全文的總結(jié)和概括。要做到全文中心突出、段落之間必須是有機(jī)地聯(lián)系，內(nèi)容完整、連貫。前后呼應(yīng)，去除與主題無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容。
(2)確定主題句主題句是對(duì)全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛”的作用。通常主題句出現(xiàn)在一篇文章的開(kāi)頭，而后，全文對(duì)主題句所提出的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)瑪U(kuò)展。寫(xiě)主題句應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：①歸納出你要寫(xiě)的文章的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)②提煉出一句具有概括性的話(huà)③主題句應(yīng)具有可讀性，抓住、吸引讀者
(二)巧用連接詞要想使文章有整體性、連貫性，就要學(xué)會(huì)正確使用連接詞表示羅列增加first, second, third, first, then / next, after that / next, finally for one thing … for another…, on (the) one hand…on the other hand, besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also, especially / in particular表示時(shí)間順序now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment form now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during表示解釋說(shuō)明now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover furthermore, in fact, actually表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all表示并列關(guān)系or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or, neither …nor表示因果關(guān)系because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so…that, such…that表示條件關(guān)系as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless表示讓步關(guān)系though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)表示舉例for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example表示比較be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)…just like, just as表示目的for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to表示強(qiáng)調(diào)in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all表示概括歸納in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as i know, as we all know, as has been stated, as i have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion
(三)掌握常用句型：1. in order to為了實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢(mèng)想，他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。he worked very hard in order to realize his dream.2. in order that她拼命干活以便到六點(diǎn)時(shí)把一切都準(zhǔn)備就緒。she worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 o’clock.3. so…that他們太累了，除了伸懶腰什么都做不了了。they were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.4. such…that天氣非常冷，以致于街上一個(gè)人都沒(méi)有。it was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.5. would rather do…than do他寧愿聽(tīng)他人講而不愿自己說(shuō)。he would rather listen to others than talk himself.6. prefer doing to doing他寧愿在精心準(zhǔn)備后去做報(bào)告。he prefers making speeches after careful preparation.7. prefer to do…rather than do比起女人，男人總是寧可在家睡覺(jué)也不愿花那么多時(shí)間來(lái)購(gòu)物。compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.8. not only…but also在短短的三年的時(shí)間里她不但完成了所有課程，而且還獲得了博士學(xué)位。in just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctor’s degree.9. either…or如果考試過(guò)關(guān)，你可以買(mǎi)一個(gè)mp3或去云南玩一趟。you could either buy an mp3 or go to yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.10. neither…nor他是一個(gè)無(wú)聊的人，既不愛(ài)娛樂(lè)，也不愛(ài)讀書(shū)。he is a boring man. he likes neither entertainment nor reading.11. as well as他善良又樂(lè)于助人。he was kind as well as helpful.12. …as well這個(gè)小孩活潑又可愛(ài)。the child is active and funny as well.13. one…the other你看見(jiàn)桌子上有兩只筆嗎？一支是紅色的，另一支是黑色的。have you seen two pens on the desk? one is red, the other is black.14. some…others每個(gè)人都很忙，有些在讀書(shū)，有些在寫(xiě)作。everyone is busy in classroom. some are reading, others are writing.15. make…+adj. /n.我們所做的可以讓世界更美麗。what we do will make the world more beautiful.16. not…until直到他告訴我發(fā)生的事，我才了解真相。i didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.17. as if他夸夸其談好像什么事都知道。he talks a lot as if he knows everything.18. it is no use (good) doing…假裝不懂規(guī)則是行不通的。it’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.19. find it + adj. to do…我覺(jué)得作聽(tīng)力時(shí)有必要作筆記。i find it necessary to take down notes while listening.20. it is + time since…我已經(jīng)有兩年沒(méi)見(jiàn)他了。it is two years since i last met him.21. it is + time when…我到電影院時(shí)已經(jīng)八點(diǎn)鐘了。it was 8 o’clock when i got to the cinema.22. it is + time before…不久我們就會(huì)再見(jiàn)面的。i won’t be long before we can meet again.23. it is…that…我最珍視的是友誼。it is friendship that i value most.24. it is + n / adj. + that / to do…每個(gè)人都必須懂得如何使用計(jì)算機(jī)it is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.
英語(yǔ)中18大激勵(lì)人心的豪情壯語(yǔ)
1. money doesn't grow on trees.
錢(qián)不是從天上掉下來(lái)的。
2. i know that my future is not just a dream.
我知道我的未來(lái)不是夢(mèng)。
3. to convert defeat into victory.
反敗為勝。
4. youth means limitless possibilities.
年輕就是無(wú)限的可能。
5. leave behind a clean world for future generations.
留給下一代一個(gè)清潔的地球。
6. you can do it too!
你也做得到！
7. get to another summit in your career.
開(kāi)創(chuàng)職業(yè)生涯的另一個(gè)高峰。
8. pursue breakthroughs in your life.
追求自我的突破。
9. never say die.
永不放棄。
10. knowledge is power.
知識(shí)就是力量。
11. never too old to learn.
活到老，學(xué)到老。
12. practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
13. go for it! = just do it!
加油！向前沖！做了再說(shuō)！
14. no pain, no gain.
天下事沒(méi)有不勞而獲的東西。
15. everyday and in every way i'm getting better.
每天每個(gè)方面我的生活都正在好轉(zhuǎn)。
16. time is money.
時(shí)間就是金錢(qián)。
17. man can conquer nature.
人定勝天。
18. better late than never.
只要開(kāi)始，雖晚不遲
零冠詞：名詞前不加冠詞。
1.不可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指時(shí)用零冠詞。
2.下列名詞前常用零冠詞：
月，季，星期，節(jié)假，洲，呼語(yǔ)，頭銜，職務(wù)前，三餐，球類(lèi)，慣用語(yǔ)，學(xué)科，棋類(lèi)名詞前。
3.turn用作系動(dòng)詞，意為“變成”，其后的單數(shù)名詞做表語(yǔ)同時(shí)用零冠詞。
his brother has turned writer.
4.用在“表示類(lèi)型的名詞+of…”這一結(jié)構(gòu)后的單數(shù)名詞用零冠詞。
the warmth of the sweater will of course be determined by the sort of wool used.羊毛衫的溫暖程度將取決于所用的羊毛。
5.“零冠詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+as/though+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，+主句”，意為“雖然/盡管，但是”
hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.盡管他是一位英雄，但是他也有一些缺點(diǎn)。
6.在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的某一形式中。
7.某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中不用冠詞
go to school; at home ; on time ; at last; in fact; on holiday; on duty; at times; after class; at night; by bus; by sea; by air; by land ; go to bed; in time; at first; lose heart; on foot; at work; on show; in trouble; on fire; stay at home; with joy; with difficulty.