commonly used terms (bec)

debt-to-equity swap 債轉(zhuǎn)股
the linkage system between the us dollar and the hk dollar 港元的聯(lián)系匯率制
bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan 壞帳、呆帳、死帳
anti-dumping measures against …… 反傾銷措施
deflation 通貨緊縮
inflation 通貨膨脹
quota-free products 非配額產(chǎn)品
investment in non-productive projects 非生產(chǎn)性投資
risk management/ assessment 風(fēng)險管理/評估
venture capital 風(fēng)險基金
loan loss provision/ provisions of risk 風(fēng)險準(zhǔn)備金
revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises 搞活國有大中型企業(yè)
scale economy/ economies of scale 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)
state-owned cooperatives 國合企業(yè)（即國有合作社）
balance of international payments/ balance of payment 國際收支
disequilibrium of balance of payment 國際收支不平衡
public subsidies 國家補(bǔ)貼
state foreign exchange reserves 國家現(xiàn)匯結(jié)存
guide rational consumption 合理引導(dǎo)消費
seasonal price adjustments 季節(jié)性調(diào)價
established/accomplished facts 既成事實
scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development 技工貿(mào)結(jié)合的科技型企業(yè)
labor-intensive enterprises 勞動密集性企業(yè)
unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises 亂集資、亂攤派、亂收費
technological updating of enterprises 企業(yè)技術(shù)改造
subsidies to cover enterprise losses 企業(yè)虧損補(bǔ)貼
grant the national treatment to 實行國民待遇
pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development 平等互利、講求實效、形式多樣、共同發(fā)展的方針
“bottleneck”restrictions 瓶頸制約
flying-by-night company; bogus company 皮包公司
ease monetary policy 放松銀根
floating population 流動人口　
self-regulating mechanism of enterprises 企業(yè)的自我約束機(jī)制
crave comfort and pleasure 貪圖安逸　
inflated consumption 消費膨脹　
informationize 信息化　
freon-free refrigerator 無氟冰箱　
paperless transaction 無紙交易　
readily marketable products 適銷對路的產(chǎn)品　
profiteer 倒?fàn)敗?br>overstaffing in (government) organizations 機(jī)構(gòu)臃腫　
organizational overlapping 機(jī)構(gòu)重疊　
substitution of tax payment for profit delivery 利改稅　
regular revenues 經(jīng)常性的財政收入　
chronic depression 慢性蕭條　
two-tier system / double-track system 雙重軌制　
pre-job training 就業(yè)前培訓(xùn)　
on-the-job training 崗位培訓(xùn)　

foreign project contracting 對外項目承包
labor service cooperation 勞務(wù)合作
modality of foreign aid 外援方式　
come into official enforcement as of january 1, 1999 自1999年1月1日起實行
forms of ownership 所有制形式
implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis 以試點的形式實行外貿(mào)權(quán)自動登記制度
risk management/ assessment 風(fēng)險管理/評估
projects listed as encouraged by the state 國家鼓勵項目
implementation rules of the p.r.c. on the protection of investments by compatriots from Chinese Taiwan <<中華人民共和國保護(hù)臺灣同胞投資實施條例>>
ministerial meeting 部長級會議
equitable and rational 公正合理
take the preemptive opportunities 搶得先機(jī)
reduce and cancel debts 減免債務(wù)
engineering project 工程項目
increase in the same pace 同步增長
shake off the impact of the financial crisis 擺脫亞洲金融危機(jī)的影響
going on the track of sound progress 走上良性發(fā)展的軌道
industrial added value 工業(yè)增加值
investment in the fixed assets 固定資產(chǎn)投資
building materials 建材

accumulatively realizing trade surplus 累計實現(xiàn)順差
bring new vigor and vitality into 注入新的生機(jī)與活力
accessories 配件
spare parts 備件
import linkage tax 進(jìn)口環(huán)節(jié)稅
turnover tax 營業(yè)稅
corporate income tax 企業(yè)所得稅
offset 抵免
provincial capitol 省會
municipality directly under the central government 直轄市
flagship product 龍頭產(chǎn)品
modern corporate system 現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度
enforce stockholding system 實行股份制
holding company 控股公司
responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses 自主經(jīng)營,自負(fù)盈虧
alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership 在鞏固公有制主體地位的同時,促進(jìn)多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展
establish an unified, open market with orderly competition 形成統(tǒng)一、開放和競爭有序的市場
state scientific and technological innovation system 國家科技創(chuàng)新體系
help excellent talents find way to distinction 幫助人才脫穎而出
screen and modify 清理、修訂
water conservation 水利
change the method of operation 轉(zhuǎn)化經(jīng)營機(jī)制
intermediary service organization 中介服務(wù)組織

dual purpose exports 軍民兩用品出口
dual-use goods and technology 軍民兩用產(chǎn)品和技術(shù)
nafta north american free trade area 北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū)
global quota 全球配額
grandfather clause 祖父條款
animal-derived food 動物源食品
evsl (early voluntary sectoral liberalization) 部門提前自愿自由化
tilf (trade and investment liberalization and facilitation) 貿(mào)易和投資自由化和便利化
international settlement 國際清算
commercial, residential and public utility construction 商住和公益設(shè)施建設(shè)
increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment 廣開就業(yè)門路
free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate 自由浮動匯率
capital account 資本項目
current account 經(jīng)常項目
overcome differences and seek common ground 求同存異
anti-fake label 防偽標(biāo)志
export-oriented industry 出口創(chuàng)匯型產(chǎn)業(yè)
revitalize stock assets 盤活存量資產(chǎn)
competitive bidding 竟價投標(biāo)
negotiated bidding 協(xié)議投標(biāo)
horizontal merger 橫向兼并